keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493100/a-large-new-middle-jurassic-ichthyosaur-shows-the-importance-of-body-size-evolution-in-the-origin-of-the-ophthalmosauria
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feiko Miedema, Dylan Bastiaans, Torsten M Scheyer, Christian Klug, Erin E Maxwell
The Middle Jurassic is an important time period for the evolutionary history of marine reptiles as it represented a transitional phase for many clades. Notably, in ichthyosaurs, many early parvipelvian taxa went extinct. The Middle Jurassic saw the emergence of the derived Ophthalmosauria, ultimately becoming the dominant ichthyosaurian clade by the end of the epoch. Even though this is an important period in the evolutionary history of Ophthalmosauria, our understanding remains limited in terms of morphology and taxonomy due to the scarcity of vertebrate-bearing strata...
March 16, 2024: BMC ecology and evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492502/dynamic-topology-optimization-of-3d-printed-transtibial-orthopedic-implant-using-tunable-isotropic-porous-metamaterials
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josué García-Ávila, Cynthia Pamela González-Gallegos, Victor Segura-Ibarra, Elisa Vazquez, Erika Garcia-Lopez, Ciro A Rodríguez, Adriana Vargas-Martínez, Enrique Cuan-Urquizo, Erick Ramírez-Cedillo
In this paper, we introduce the design and manufacturing process of a transtibial orthopedic implant. We used medical-grade polyurethane polymer resin to fabricate a 3D porous architected implant with tunable isotropy, employing a high-speed printing method known as Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP). Our objective is to enhance the weight-bearing capabilities of the bone structures in the residual limb, thereby circumventing the traditional reliance on a natural bridge. To achieve a custom-made design, we acquire the topology and morphology of the residual limb as well as the bone structure of the tibia and fibula, utilizing computed tomography (CT) and high-resolution 3D scanning...
March 2, 2024: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485459/three-dimensional-mapping-analysis-of-talus-fractures-and-demonstration-of-different-surgical-approaches-for-talus-fractures
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruihan Wang, Guixuan You, Shiqin Yin, Songtao Jiang, Hai Wang, Houyin Shi, Lei Zhang
OBJECTIVE: The talus is an important component in the ankle, and its treatment after injury is crucial. However, complications and adverse events due to incomplete traditional classifications may still occur, and these classifications fail to analyze the patterns and distribution of fractures from a three-dimensional perspective. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the location and distribution of fracture lines in different types of talus fractures using three-dimensional (3D) and heat mapping techniques...
March 14, 2024: Orthopaedic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483695/accuracy-analysis-of-3d-bone-fracture-models-effects-of-computed-tomography-ct-imaging-and-image-segmentation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Bittner-Frank, Andreas Strassl, Ewald Unger, Lena Hirtler, Barbara Eckhart, Markus Koenigshofer, Alexander Stoegner, Arastoo Nia, Domenik Popp, Franz Kainberger, Reinhard Windhager, Francesco Moscato, Emir Benca
The introduction of three-dimensional (3D) printed anatomical models has garnered interest in pre-operative planning, especially in orthopedic and trauma surgery. Identifying potential error sources and quantifying their effect on the model dimensional accuracy are crucial for the applicability and reliability of such models. In this study, twenty radii were extracted from anatomic forearm specimens and subjected to osteotomy to simulate a defined fracture of the distal radius (Colles' fracture). Various factors, including two different computed tomography (CT) technologies (energy-integrating detector (EID) and photon-counting detector (PCD)), four different CT scanners, two scan protocols (i...
March 14, 2024: J Imaging Inform Med
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479706/influence-of-3d-printed-surface-micro-structures-on-molding-performance-and-dental-bonding-properties-of-zirconia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cunliang Zhang, Jiali Meng, Li Zhang, Siyu Fan, Yingjie Yi, Jiaqi Zhang, Guofeng Wu
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of the 3D printed micro-structured surfaces on the bond strength of zirconia to resin cement. METHODS: Zirconia specimens were divided into five groups based on manufacturing technique and surface preparation: (1) milled zirconia (M group); (2) milled zirconia airborne abraded (MA group); (3) printed zirconia (M group); (4) printed zirconia airborne abraded (PA group); and (5) printed zirconia with micro-structured surface (PM group)...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479008/a-personalized-earbud-for-non-invasive-long-term-eeg-monitoring
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahmoud Zeydabadinezhad, Jon Jowers, Derek Buhl, Brian Cabaniss, Babak Mahmoudi

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability, comfort, and performance of a custom-fit, non-invasive long-term electrophysiologic headphone, known as Aware Hearable, for the ambulatory recording of brain activities. These recordings play a crucial role in diagnosing neurological disorders such as epilepsy and in studying neural dynamics during daily activities.
Approach:
The study uses commercial manufacturing processes common to the hearing aid industry, such as 3D scanning, computer-aided design (CAD) modeling, and 3D printing...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Neural Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477808/3d-modeling-from-hip-dxa-shows-improved-bone-structure-with-romosozumab-followed-by-denosumab-or-alendronate
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Michael Lewiecki, Donald Betah, Ludovic Humbert, Cesar Libanati, Mary Oates, Yifei Shi, Renaud Winzenrieth, Serge Ferrari, Fumitoshi Omura
Romosozumab treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis increases bone formation while decreasing bone resorption, resulting in large BMD gains to reduce fracture risk within 1 year. DXA-based 3D modeling of the hip was used to assess estimated changes in cortical and trabecular bone parameters and map the distribution of 3D changes in bone parameters over time in patients from two randomized controlled clinical trials: FRAME (romosozumab vs placebo followed by denosumab) and ARCH (romosozumab vs alendronate followed by alendronate)...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475387/high-throughput-additive-manufacturing-of-continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced-plastic-by-multifilament
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiwen Tu, Yuegang Tan, Fan Zhang, Shulin Zou, Jun Zhang
Additive manufacturing (or 3D printing) of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced plastics with fused deposition modeling is a burgeoning manufacturing method because of its potential as a powerful approach to produce lightweight, high strength and complex parts without the need for a mold. Nevertheless, it cannot manufacture parts rapidly due to low throughput. This paper proposes a high-throughput additive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced plastics by multifilament with reference to fiber tape placement...
March 5, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475333/overprinting-of-tpu-onto-pa6-substrates-the-influences-of-the-interfacial-area-surface-roughness-and-processing-parameters-on-the-adhesion-between-components
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janez Slapnik, Rebeka Lorber, Irena Pulko, Miroslav Huskić, Klementina Pušnik Črešnar
The hybridisation of injection moulding (IM) and additive manufacturing (AM) offers the opportunity to combine the high productivity of IM and the high flexibility of AM into a single process. IM parts can be overprinted through fused filament fabrication (FFF) to allow for the customisation of parts or to add new functionalities. However, the right material pair must be chosen, and processing parameters must be optimised to achieve suitable adhesion between the components. The present study dealt with the investigation of the influence of the interfacial area, substrate surface roughness and overprinting processing parameters on the adhesion between the polyamide 6 (PA6) substrate and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) rib overprinted via FFF...
February 28, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475296/evaluation-of-the-mechanical-and-adhesion-characteristics-of-indirect-restorations-manufactured-with-three-dimensional-printing
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cem Peskersoy, Aybeniz Oguzhan
The aim of this study was to investigate the marginal fit and bond strength characteristics of onlay restorations manufactured by three-dimensional printing (Varseo XS, Bego GmbH, Bremen, Germany) and CAD/CAM (CAMcube, Montreal, QC, Canada) systems. Class II onlay cavities on sixty mandibular molars were prepared in cavities and restored in three separate groups using different fabrication methods. Digital and conventional impressions were taken to design the restorations in the CAD system (DWOS, Straumann GmbH, Freiburg, Germany)...
February 23, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472074/influence-of-a-specially-designed-geometric-device-and-modified-scan-bodies-on-the-accuracy-of-a-maxillary-complete-arch-digital-implant-scan-an-in-vitro-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haidy Anwar, Amir Azer, Rewaa G AboElHassan
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Capturing accurate complete arch digital implant scans remains a challenging process because of the lack of recognizable anatomic landmarks. The effect of modified scan bodies (SBs) on improving scanning accuracy is unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of a maxillary complete arch digital implant scan when using a specially designed geometric device with the accuracy of modified scan bodies...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468926/trueness-of-five-different-3d-printing-systems-including-budget-and-professional-grade-printers-an-in-vitro-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dénes Palaszkó, Anna Németh, Gréta Török, Bálint Vecsei, Boldizsár Vánkos, Elek Dinya, Judit Borbély, Gyula Marada, Péter Hermann, Barbara Kispélyi
PROBLEM: Several types of 3D printers with different techniques and prices are available on the market. However, results in the literature are inconsistent, and there is no comprehensive agreement on the accuracy of 3D printers of different price categories for dental applications. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of five different 3D printing systems, including a comparison of budget- and higher-end 3D printing systems, according to a standardized production and evaluation protocol...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467170/both-3d-mri-and-ct-are-valuable-for-determination-of-glenoid-and-humeral-bone-loss-in-patients-with-on-and-off-track-shoulder-instability
#13
EDITORIAL
Ryan J Whalen, Matthew T Provencher
Improving the modalities for advanced glenohumeral joint imaging has been an important area to address in the field of orthopaedic surgery. The current gold standard for imaging glenoid and humeral bone loss in patients with shoulder instability, 3D computed tomography (3D-CT), provides high-quality 3D images of bones, but comes with a cost of extra time, additional imaging, due to the need of an additional MRI, and exposure to radiation. 3D magnetic resonance imaging (3D-MRI) is a promising solution that can produce high contrast images depicting both bony structures and soft tissues...
March 9, 2024: Arthroscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465730/minimal-but-potentially-clinically-relevant-anteroinferior-position-of-the-humeral-head-following-traumatic-anterior-shoulder-dislocations-a-3d-ct-analysis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas P E Verweij, Johannes G G Dobbe, Gino M M J Kerkhoffs, Geert J Streekstra, Michel P J van den Bekerom, Leendert Blankevoort, Derek F P van Deurzen
In unstable shoulders, excessive anteroinferior position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid can lead to a dislocation. Measuring humeral head position could therefore be valuable in quantifying shoulder laxity. The aim of this study was to measure (1) position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid and (2) joint space thickness during passive motion in unstable shoulders caused by traumatic anterior dislocations and in contralateral uninjured shoulders. A prospective cross-sectional CT-study was performed in patients with unilateral anterior shoulder instability...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462570/fabrication-and-characterization-of-microporous-soft-templated-photoactive-3d-materials-for-water-disinfection-in-batch-and-continuous-flow
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miriana Vadala, Doru C Lupascu, Anzhela Galstyan
Water cleaning can be provided in batch mode or in continuous flow. For the latter, some kind of framework must withhold the cleaning agents from washout. Porous structures provide an ideal ratio of surface to volume for optimal access of the water to active sites and are able to facilitate rapid and efficient fluid transport to maintain a constant flow. When functionalized with suitable photoactive agents, they could be used in solar photocatalytic disinfection. In this study, we have used the sugar cube method to fabricate PDMS-based materials that contain three different classes of photosensitizers that differ in absorption wavelength and intensity, charge as well as in ability to generate singlet oxygen...
March 11, 2024: Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458378/towards-clinically-applicable-automated-mandibular-canal-segmentation-on-cbct
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang-Duan Ni, Zi-Neng Xu, Mu-Qing Liu, Min-Juan Zhang, Shu Li, Hai-Long Bai, Peng Ding, Kai-Yuan Fu
OBJECTIVES: To develop a deep learning-based system for precise, robust, and fully automated segmentation of the mandibular canal on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODS: The system was developed on 536 CBCT scans (training set: 376, validation set: 80, testing set: 80) from one center and validated on an external dataset of 89 CBCT scans from 3 centers. Each scan was annotated using a multi-stage annotation method and refined by oral and maxillofacial radiologists...
March 6, 2024: Journal of Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455676/3d-quantitative-analysis-and-sem-qualitative-analysis-of-natural-antagonist-enamel-opposing-cad-cam-monolithic-zirconia-or-lithium-disilicate-tooth-supported-crowns-versus-enamel-opposing-natural-enamel
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piyarat Woraganjanaboon, Chuchai Anunmana
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the maximum vertical wear, volume wear, and surface characteristic of antagonist enamel, opposing monolithic zirconia or lithium disilicate crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 24 participants (n = 12), who were randomly allocated to receive either a 5 mol% Y-TZP or a lithium disilicate crown in positions which would oppose the natural first molar tooth. The contralateral first molar along with its antagonist was considered as the enamel opposing natural enamel control...
February 2024: Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446392/custom-orthotic-design-by-integrating-3d-scanning-and-subject-specific-fe-modelling-workflow
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yinghu Peng, Yan Wang, Qida Zhang, Shane Fei Chen, Ming Zhang, Guanglin Li
The finite element (FE) foot model can help estimate pathomechanics and improve the customized foot orthoses design. However, the procedure of developing FE models can be time-consuming and costly. This study aimed to develop a subject-specific scaled foot modelling workflow for the foot orthoses design based on the scanned foot surface data. Six participants (twelve feet) were collected for the foot finite element modelling. The subject-specific surface-based finite element model (SFEM) was established by incorporating the scanned foot surface and scaled foot bone geometries...
March 6, 2024: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445224/estimation-of-radiographic-joint-space-of-the-trapeziometacarpal-joint-with-computed-tomographic-validation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Jordan, John Elfar, Chian K Kwoh, Zong-Ming Li
PURPOSE: Joint space width (JSW) is a common metric used to evaluate joint structure on plain radiographs. For the hand, quantitative techniques are available for evaluation of the JSW of finger joints; however, such techniques have been difficult to establish for the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint. This study aimed to develop a validated method for measuring the radiographic joint space of the healthy TMC joint. APPROACH: Computed tomographic scans were taken of 15 cadaveric hands...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441577/block-copolymer-self-assembly-derived-mesoporous-magnetic-materials-with-three-dimensionally-3d-co-continuous-gyroid-nanostructure
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amaury Jousset Drouhin, William R T Tait, William Moore, Fei Yu, Yuanzhi Li, Jörg G Werner, R Bruce van Dover, Ulrich B Wiesner
Magnetic nanomaterials are gaining interest for their many applications in technological areas from information science and computing to next-generation quantum energy materials. While magnetic materials have historically been nanostructured through techniques such as lithography and molecular beam epitaxy, there has recently been growing interest in using soft matter self-assembly. In this work, a triblock terpolymer, poly(isoprene- block -styrene- block -ethylene oxide) (ISO), is used as a structure directing agent for aluminosilicate sol nanoparticles and magnetic material precursors to generate organic-inorganic bulk hybrid films with co-continuous morphology...
March 5, 2024: Soft Matter
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