wave reflection

CONTEXT: The effect of X (X = O, Se, N, P, F, Cl) doping on the adsorption of Zn atoms by WS2 was investigated based on first principles. The electronic structure and optical properties of the adsorbed system after atomic doping were calculated. It is found that the Zn atom adsorbed on the W top (Tw ) site has the most stable structure. When an S atom is replaced with an X atom based on the adsorption system, where the adsorption energy decreases after doping of O, P, F, and Cl atoms compared to the undoped system, it means that each system is more stable after doping of these atoms; charge transfer shows that the adsorption system after P-atom doping the system around the Zn atom loses electrons while S-atom gains electrons, which indicates that P-atom doping is favorable for the adsorption of Zn by WS2 , N, P-atom is introduced as p-type doping and F, Cl-atom is introduced undoped by n-type doping, and the band gap of the doped system is less than that of the undoped one...

Optical pulling provides a new degree of freedom in optical manipulation. It is generally believed that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident field. Here, we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated object. In analogy to potential barriers in quantum tunnelling, we use a photonic band gap design in order to obtain the intensity gradients inside a manipulated object placed in a photonic crystal waveguide, thereby achieving a pulling force...

The revelation of MoS2 as an efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing material has ratcheted up people's attention to other transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). To date, extensive studies have been conducted on the semiconducting VIB-Group TMDs while research into metallic VB-Group TMDs has been relatively rare. In this work, we successfully fabricated VB-Group VSe2 microspheres through a facile one-step hydrothermal method and used them as EMW absorbers. The flowerlike VSe2 microspheres based on VSe2 nanosheets exhibited a minimum reflection loss of 46...

The feeding habits and habitats of fish influence the morphology of the oral cavity. This study used gross anatomy, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, in addition to morphometric analysis, to investigate the anatomical characteristics of the oral cavity roof in Pagrus pagrus and Boops boops, which have different dietary habits. The oral cavity roof appeared U-shaped and divided into the palate and upper pharyngeal regions. The upper lip of P. pagrus was broad, while B. boops' upper lip was small and thin...

Background Chemotherapy correlates to acute and long-term cardiotoxicity, is reflected clinically by myocardial and vascular endothelial dysfunction, and can cause cardiovascular complications. Thus, early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in cancer patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment is necessary to enhance long-term survival. Our principal objective in this study was to discern the impact of specific anti-cancer chemotherapeutics and biologics on arterial stiffness alterations before and after the administration...

The simple and low-cost construction of a 3D network structure is an ideal way to prepare high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. Herein, a series of carbon skeleton/carbon nanotubes/Ni3 ZnC0.7 composites (CS/CNTs/Ni3 ZnC0.7 ) are successfully prepared by in situ growth of Ni3 ZnC0.7 and CNTs on 3D melamine sponge carbon. With the increase of precursor, Ni3 ZnC0.7 nanoparticles nucleate and catalyze the generation of CNTs on the surface of the carbon skeleton. The minimum reflection loss (RL) value of the S60min composite (loading time of 60 min) reaches -86...

BACKGROUND: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome that is poorly defined, reflecting an incomplete understanding of its pathophysiology. AIM: To redefine the phenotypic spectrum of HFpEF. METHODS: The PACIFIC-PRESERVED study is a prospective multicentre cohort study designed to perform multidimensional deep phenotyping of patients diagnosed with HFpEF (left ventricular ejection fraction≥50%), patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction≤40%) and subjects without overt heart failure (3:2:1 ratio)...

Optical interference filters (OIFs) are vital components for a wide range of optical and photonic systems. They are pivotal in controlling spectral transmission and reflection upon demand. OIFs rely on optical interference of the incident wave at multilayers, which are fabricated with nanometer precision. Here, we demonstrate that these requirements can be fulfilled by inkjet printing. This versatile technology offers a high degree of freedom in manufacturing, as well as cost-affordable and rapid-prototyping features from the micron to the meter scale...

INTRODUCTION: The first COVID-19 wave (2020), W1, will remain extraordinary due to its novelty and the uncertainty on how to handle the pandemic. To understand what physicians went through, we collected narratives of frontline physicians working in a Swiss university hospital during W1. METHODS: Physicians in the Division of Internal Medicine of Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) were invited to send anonymous narratives to an online platform, between 28 April and 30 June 2020...

The commonly used analytic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDFs) do not model goniochromatism, that is, angle-dependent material color. The material color is usually defined by a diffuse reflectance spectrum or RGB vector and a specular part based on a spectral complex index of refraction. Extension of the commonly used BRDFs based on wave theory can help model goniochromatism, but this comes at the cost of significant added model complexity. We measured the goniochromatism of structual color pigments used for additive color printing and found that we can fit the observed spectral angular dependence of the bidirectional reflectance using a simple modification of the standard microfacet BRDF model...

With the frequent increase and update of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials, a low-resolution material that can absorb most electromagnetic waves, thereby effectively reducing the secondary pollution, is urgently needed. However, the excellent performance, flexibility, and low cost of these methods are usually incompatible with current reports. To address the above dilemma, we reported a facile solution for fabricating a low-reflection and high-performance EMI shielding composite by means of electroless nickel plating (EP-Ni), electroless copper plating (EP-Cu), annealing, and coating with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer with the structure of a Ni@Cu tube encapsulated with PDMS...

MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) antenna systems are promising for fifth-generation (5G) networks, offering lower latency and higher data rates. These systems utilize millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands for efficient transmission and reception of multiple data simultaneously, enhancing overall efficiency and performance. This article presents a compact size, wide band tri-circular ring mmWave MIMO antenna with suitable performance characteristics for next-generation communication systems. The MIMO system consists of a tri-circular ring patch with slots on a ground plane...

MRI-related anxiety in healthy participants is often characterized by a dominant breathing frequency at around 0.32 Hz (19 breaths per minute, bpm) at the beginning but in a few cases also at the end of scanning. Breathing waves at 19 bpm are also observed in patients with anxiety independently of the scanned body part. In patients with medically intractable epilepsy and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), spontaneous breathing through the nose varied between 0.24 and 0.37 Hz (~19 bpm)...

Background: Adolescence is a vulnerable developmental stage for the onset of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and borderline features, which are related psychological phenomena. Self-compassion reflects a sensitivity to own suffering and a motivation to relieve it, consisting of a more positive and beneficial self-to-self relationship. The aim of the present study was to test the effect of self-compassion between borderline features at baseline and six months with a sample of adolescents with a history of NSSI...

CONTEXT: The electronic properties and optical properties of Cr-doped monolayer WS2 under uniaxial compressive deformation have been investigated based on density functional theory. In terms of electronic structure properties, both intrinsic and doped system bandgaps decrease with the increase of compression deformation, and the values of the bandgap under the same compression deformation after Cr doping are reduced compared with the corresponding intrinsic states. When the compressive deformation reaches 10%, both the intrinsic and doped system band gaps are close to zero...

The COVID-19 pandemic presented numerous challenges that required immediate attention to mitigate its devastating consequences on a local and global scale. In March 2020, the Chilean government, along with health and science authorities, implemented a strategy aimed at generating relevant evidence to inform effective public health decisions. One of the key strengths of this strategy was the active involvement of the scientific community, employing transdisciplinary approaches to address critical questions and support political decision-making...

Hypertension is typically manifested as a latent symptom that requires detection through specialized equipment. This poses an inconvenience for individuals who need to undergo long-term blood pressure monitoring in their daily lives. Therefore, there is a need for a portable, non-contact method for estimating blood pressure. However, current non-contact blood pressure estimation methods often rely on relatively narrow datasets, lacking a broad range of blood pressure distributions. Additionally, their applicability is confined to controlled experimental environments...

The elastic-plastic Richtmyer-Meshkov instability of multiple interfaces is investigated by numerical simulation using a multimaterial solid mechanics algorithm based on an Eulerian framework. This Richtmyer-Meshkov instability problem is realized by a copper layer that is flanked by vacuum and a copper block of different material strength. The research efforts are directed to reveal the influence of the layer thickness and material strength on the deformation of the perturbed solid-vacuum interface impacted by an initial shock...

While bouncing walking silicone oil droplets (walkers) do show many quantumlike phenomena, the original, most intriguing, double-slit experiment with walkers has been shown to be an overinterpretation of data. Several experiments and numerical simulations have proven that for at least some parameter region there is no randomness. Still, true randomness was claimed to be observed in an experiment on chaotically bouncing walkers. Also, most of the available phase space has not been investigated. The main goal of this paper is therefore to look for true interference and chaos in the entire phase space...

The National Ignition Facility has recently achieved successful burning plasma and ignition using the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) approach. However, there are still many fundamental physics phenomena that are not well understood, including the kinetic processes in the hohlraum. Shan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 195001 (2018)0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.195001] utilized the energy spectra of neutrons to investigate the kinetic colliding plasma in a hohlraum of indirect drive ICF. However, due to the typical large spatial-temporal scales, this experiment could not be well simulated by using available codes at that time...