Mantis shrimp

To quantify the architecture and select the ideal ideotype, it is vital to accurately measure the dimension of each part of the mantis shrimp. Point clouds have become increasingly popular in recent years as an efficient solution. However, the current manual measurement is labor intensive and costly and has high uncertainty. Automatic organ point cloud segmentation is a prerequisite and core step for phenotypic measurements of mantis shrimps. Nevertheless, little work focuses on mantis shrimp point cloud segmentation...

Prior to the present study, five species in four genera of the mantis shrimp superfamily Gonodactyloidea were known from Lord Howe Island, Australia. The 2017 Australian Museum expedition to Lord Howe Island made a small but significant collection of stomatopods, comprising four species: Chorisquilla tweediei (Serène, 1950), Gonodactylaceus falcatus (Forskål, 1775), Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787) and a new species of Acaenosquilla, representing the first record of the superfamily Lysiosquilloidea from Lord Howe Island...

Three species of nannosquillid mantis shrimps, including two new species, Acanthosquilla ryukyuensis n. sp. and Acanthosquilla shoheii n. sp., are described based on specimens collected from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The two new species resemble A. derijardi Manning, 1970, but can be distinguished from A. derijardi by the following features: 1) rostral plate anterolateral corner forms almost a right angle; 2) the distal tip of the antennular somite dorsal process reaches or slightly falls short of proximal half of rostral plate; and 3) eighth thoracic somite (= TS8) posterior margin is black medially...

BACKGROUND: As the dominant species of Stomatopoda, Oratosquilla oratoria has not been fully cultivated artificially, and the fishery production mainly depends on marine fishing. Due to the lack of stomatopod genome, the development of molecular breeding of mantis shrimps still lags behind. METHODS AND RESULTS: A survey analysis was performed to obtain the genome size, GC content and heterozygosity ratio in order to provide a fundation for subsequent whole-genome sequencing...

Organisms such as jumping froghopper insects and punching mantis shrimp use spring-based propulsion to achieve fast motion. Studies of elastic mechanisms have primarily focused on fully developed and functional mechanisms in adult organisms. However, the ontogeny and development of these mechanisms can provide important insights into the lower size limits of spring-based propulsion, the ecological or behavioral relevance of ultrafast movement, and the scaling of ultrafast movement. Here, we examined the development of the spring-latch mechanism in the bigclaw snapping shrimp, Alpheus heterochaelis (Alpheidae)...

Lead contamination in aquatic products is one of the main hazard factors. The aptasensor is a promising detection method for lead ion (Pb(II)) because of its selectivity, but it is easily affected by pH. The combination of ion-imprinted polymers(IIP) with aptamers may improve their stability in different pH conditions. This paper developed a novel electrochemical biosensor for Pb(II) detection by using aptamer-imprinted polymer as a recognition element. The glassy carbon electrode was modified with gold nanoparticles and aptamers...

In cancer management and control, the most challenging difficulties are the complications resulting from customized therapies. The constitution of bioactive anticancer nanoconjugates from natural derivatives, e.g., chitosan (Ct), curcumin (Cur), and eugenol (Eug), was investigated for potential alternatives to cancer cells' treatment. Ct was extracted from Erugosquilla massavensis (mantis shrimp); then, Ct nanoparticles (NCt) was fabricated and loaded with Cur and/or Eug using crosslinking emulsion/ionic-gelation protocol and evaluated as anticancer composites against CaCo2 "colorectal adenocarcinoma" and MCF7 "breast adenocarcinoma" cells...

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of phosphates coupled with KCl (at 0, 0.01 and 0.03 M) affecting gel and emulsifying properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) from mantis shrimp. 31 P NMR showed that phosphate groups were introduced to MP after treatment with sodium pyrophosphate (SPP) or sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). The incorporation of phosphates enhanced electronegativity and solubility of MP, leading to exposure of hydrophobic groups, especially in the presence of 0.03 M KCl...

Human retina- and brain-inspired optoelectronic synapses, which integrate light detection and signal memory functions for data processing, have significant interest because of their potential applications for artificial vision technology. In nature, many animals such as mantis shrimp use polarized light information as well as scalar information including wavelength and intensity; however, a spectropolarimetric organic optoelectronic synapse has been seldom investigated. Herein, we report an organic synaptic phototransistor, consisting of a charge trapping liquid-crystalline perylene bisimide J-aggregate and a charge transporting crystalline dichlorinated naphthalene diimide, that can detect both wavelength and polarization information...

The mantis shrimp family Lysiosquillidae includes the largest known stomatopods and presently includes three genera: Lysiosquilla Dana, 1852, Lysiosquillina Manning, 1995, and Lysiosquilloides Manning, 1977. Since 1995, new species assigned to all three lysiosquilloid genera have been recognised: Lysiosquilla manningi Boyko, 2000, Lysiosquillina lisa Ahyong & Randall, 2001, Lysiosquilla colemani Ahyong, 2001, Lysiosquilla suthersi Ahyong, 2001, and Lysiosquilloides mapia Erdmann & Boyer, 2003, and Lysiosquilla isos Ahyong, 2004...

Inspired by Mantis shrimp, this work aims to suggest a bottom-up approach for the fabrication of nanonetwork hydroxyapatite (HAp) thin film using self-assembled polystyrene- block -polydimethylsiloxane (PS- b -PDMS) block copolymer (BCP) with a diamond nanostructure as a template for templated sol-gel reaction. By introducing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) into precursors of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and triethyl phosphite, which limits the growth of forming HAp nanoparticles, well-ordered nanonetwork HAp thin film can be fabricated...

Mantis shrimp ( Oratosquilla nepa ) exoskeleton, a leftover generated after processing, was used as a starting material for chitosan (CS) production. CS was extracted with different deacetylation times (2, 3 and 4 h), termed CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4, respectively, and their characteristics and antimicrobial and film properties with agarose (AG) were investigated. Prolonged deacetylation time increased the degree of deacetylation (DDA: 73.56 ± 0.09-75.56 ± 0.09%), while extraction yield (15.79 ± 0.19-14.13 ± 0...

Biogenic amines in canned seafood are associated with food quality and human health. In this study, a total of nine biogenic amines (histamine (HIS), phenylethylamine (PHE), tyramine (TYM), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), tryptamine (TRY), spermine (SPM), spermidine (SPD), and octopamine (OCT)) were used as standards. The biogenic amines of five canned seafood species (canned mud carp, canned sardine, canned mantis shrimp, canned scallop, and canned oyster) were investigated every three months for 12 months at different storage temperatures (4, 10, 25, and 30 °C)...

BACKGROUND: The Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria has two genetic lineages in its Chinese and Japanese populations, which are considered cryptic species. However, the Korean O. oratoria populations have only been studied morphologically, and their genetic diversity pattern remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine the genetic diversity of the Korean O. oratoria populations to explore its cryptic diversity and underlying processes. METHODS: We sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene of 107 O...

The stomatopod crustaceans, or mantis shrimps, are colourful marine invertebrate predators. Their unusual compound eyes have dorsal and ventral regions resembling typical crustacean apposition designs separated by a unique region called the midband that consists of from two to six parallel rows of ommatidia. In species with six-row midbands, the dorsal four rows are themselves uniquely specialized for colour analysis. Rhabdoms of ommatidia in these rows are longitudinally divided into three distinct regions: an apical ultraviolet (UV) receptor, a shorter-wavelength middle tier receptor and a longer-wavelength proximal tier receptor...

Changes in physicochemical, textural, microbial, and sensory quality of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp ( Harpiosquilla raphidea ) (HMS) during 10 days of iced storage were studied. Weight and cooking losses were increased during storage (p < 0.05). Drastic decrease in myosin heavy chain was found after 2 days of storage. Increases in total volatile basic nitrogen, trimethylamine, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances with coincidentally augmented pH were found during the storage (p < 0...

A new stomatopod-associated species of the alpheid shrimp genus Athanas Leach, 1814 is described based on several specimens collected in shallow waters of northern New Caledonia. Athanas philippei n. sp. differs from all of its congeners by a unique combination of morphological characteristics, as well as a diagnostic colour pattern. All specimens of A. philippei n. sp. were collected from burrows, including one with its host, a large tiger mantis shrimp, Lysiosquillina maculata (Fabricius, 1793) (Lysiosquillidae)...

Tiling patterns are observed in many biological structures. The compound eye is an interesting example of tiling and is often constructed by hexagonal arrays of ommatidia, the optical unit of the compound eye. Hexagonal tiling may be common due to mechanical restrictions such as structural robustness, minimal boundary length, and space-filling efficiency. However, some insects exhibit tetragonal facets.1-4 Some aquatic crustaceans, such as shrimp and lobsters, have evolved with tetragonal facets.5-8 Mantis shrimp is an insightful example as its compound eye has a tetragonal midband region sandwiched between hexagonal hemispheres...

Crustacean cuticles are receiving extensive attention for its potential in developing environmentally friendly and high energy density electrodes for supercapacitor applications. In the current work, the demineralized tergite cuticle of mantis shrimp was employed as a precursor for the fabrication porous biochar. The structural benefits of the cuticle, including the hierarchical nanofiber networks, and the interpenetrating pore systems were maximumly retained, providing a high carbon content and specific surface area scaffold...

Mantis shrimp waste (Oratosquilla oratoria) is a good source of chitin. The applicability of microwave-assisted organic acids and proteases for extracting chitin from mantis shrimp shell waste was evaluated, and the extracted-chitin was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the effects of nanochitin on the growth of pak choi (Brassica campestris L.ssp.) were also investigated...