infertility, reproduction, contraceptive, gynecology endocrinology,

STUDY QUESTION: What is the relationship of sex steroid levels with sexual function in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with PCOS reported more sexual dysfunction and more sexual distress compared to those without PCOS, but only few and weak associations between androgen levels and sexual function were observed. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The literature shows that women with PCOS report lower levels of sexual function and sexual satisfactionand more sexual distress...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have found that kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin neurons (KNDy neurons) in the infundibular nucleus play a crucial role in the reproductive axis. Analogs, both agonists and antagonists, of kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB) are particularly important in explaining the physiological role of KNDy in the reproductive axis in animals. The use of kisspeptin and NKB analogs has helped elucidate the regulators of the hypothalamic reproductive axis. PURPOSE: This review describes therapeutic uses of Kiss-1 and NKB agonists, most obviously the use of kisspeptin agonists in the treatment for infertility and the induction of ovulation...

OBJECTIVES: To review the etiology, evaluation, and treatment of hirsutism. EVALUATION: A thorough history and physical examination plus selected laboratory evaluations will confirm the diagnosis and direct treatment. TREATMENT: Pharmacologic interventions can suppress ovarian or adrenal androgen production and block androgen receptors in the hair follicle. Hair removal methods and lifestyle modifications may improve or hasten the therapeutic response...