American indian

The purpose of this scoping review was to determine the extent to which accessibility and acceptability of federal food assistance programs in the United States (U.S.) have been evaluated among Indigenous Peoples, and to summarize what is currently known. Twelve publications were found that examine aspects of accessibility or acceptability by indigenous peoples of one or more federal food assistance programs, including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and/or the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) (n=8), the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) (n=3), and the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) (n=1)...

BACKGROUND: Asian and multiracial individuals represent the 2 fastest growing racial and ethnic groups in the United States, yet most prior studies report Asian American and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander as a single racial group, with limited data on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence among subgroups. We sought to evaluate temporal trends in CVD burden among disaggregated Asian subgroups. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with CVD based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision ( ICD-9 and ICD-10 ) coding who received care from a mixed-payer health care organization in California between 2008 and 2018 were classified into self-identified racial and ethnic subgroups (non-Hispanic White [NHW], Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and multiracial groups)...

Background Osteosarcoma (OSC) is the most common primary bone tumor and is often managed surgically. Few prior investigations have assessed differences in OSC survival by specific surgical techniques at a national registry level. We sought to compare survival based on surgical subtypes for OSC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methodology We searched the SEER database for malignant OSCs diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 which were surgically managed. Separate survival comparisons were made for one and five years for wide excision (local tumor destruction or resection versus partial resection) and radical excision (radical resection with limb-sparing versus limb amputation with or without girdle resection)...

BACKGROUND: Annual trends of lower extremity amputation due to end-stage chronic disease are on the rise in the United States. These amputations are leading to massive expenses for patients and the medical system. In Oklahoma, we have a high-risk population because access to care is low, the number of uninsured is high, cardiovascular health is poor, and our overall healthcare performance is ranked 50th in the country. But we know little about Oklahomans and their risk of limb loss. It is, therefore, imperative to look closely at this population to discover contemporary rates, trends, and state-specific risk factors for amputation due to diabetes and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD)...

Reports an error in "Emotional context and predictability in naturalistic reading aloud" by Jessica M. Alexander and George A. Buzzell ( Emotion , Advanced Online Publication, Sep 14, 2023, np). In the article (https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001298), Table 1 as originally reported contained an error with respect to participant demographics. Specifically, participants who had selected multiple categories for race/ethnicity were mistakenly assigned to only the first alphabetical category selected. Updates have been made in the Race/ethnicity section of Table 1, to change the heading "American Indian or Alaska Native" to "Multiple selected," and to the relevant statistics under that heading as well as under the "Hispanic, Latino/a/x, or Spanish origin" and "Asian" headings...

PURPOSE: This study examined whether state-level racial disproportionality in homelessness is associated with racial disproportionality in overdose mortality. METHODS: Counts of individuals experiencing homelessness (2015-2017; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development; population estimates and counts of drug overdose deaths (2018-2021; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A massive surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths occurred in India during March-April 2021, and this was considered as second wave of the pandemic in the country. This study was conducted to find out the perceptions about second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Indian adults. METHODS: An online-survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 weeks from April 21, 2021 to May 11, 2021. Information regarding sociodemographic profile, perceptions about COVID-19 during second wave, perceptions and practices related to COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 appropriate behavior, and government's response to the pandemic was collected...

HIV incidence increased by 18% between 2015 and 2019 among American Indians (AIs) despite declining rates in other racial/ethnic groups. Culturally-appropriate implementation of prevention programs is needed to address the intersectional conditions contributing to HIV vulnerabilities experienced by AIs. The objectives of this study were to understand factors influencing HIV testing decisions and identify implementation strategies to promote the acceptability of HIV self-testing (HIVST) in a southern California AI community...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There has been a prevailing but erroneous belief in the medical community that there is a biological vulnerability in the American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) community to substance use disorders (SUDs), with alcohol use disorder (AUD) being the most prevalent. This scoping review aimed to examine what possible psychosocial issues could lead to the development of the perpetuation of SUDs in the AI/AN population. METHODS: The protocol for this scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework...

BACKGROUND: The genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains was characterized among isolates from individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) symptoms attended holy water sites (HWSs) in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done from June 2019 to March 2020 to describe the genetic diversity and drug-resistance profiles of MTBC isolates. Sputum specimens were collected and cultured in the Löwenstein-Jensen culture medium...

Purpose There is limited data from the Indian subcontinent regarding the surgical outcomes of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes after emergency surgery in COVID-19 patients compared to concurrent age and gender-matched controls. We also sought to analyze the possible predictors of postoperative mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods This matched cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in central India, between 1st July 2021 and 30th June 2022...

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests an increased risk of new-onset diabetes following COVID-19 infection. American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people were disparately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and historically have had higher diabetes incidence than other racial/ethnic groups in the US. We measured the association between COVID-19 infection and incident diabetes in AI/AN people. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using de-identified patient data from the Indian Health Service's (IHS) National Patient Information Reporting System...

We present a kinematic model developed from geodetic observations, topography analysis and analogue tectonic modelling results, which reveals a striking similarity between the rotational tectonic settings of the Gakkel Ridge-Chersky Range system in the Arctic, and the Central Indian Tectonic Zone within the Indian subcontinent. A crucial aspect of large-scale extensional rift systems is the gradual variation of extension along the rift axis, due to plate rotation about a Euler pole, which may lead to contraction on the opposite side of the Euler pole to form a rotational tectonic system...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The subclavian vein is frequently cannulated using ultrasound. There are two techniques of subclavian vein catheterization (SVC): Supraclavicular (SC) and infraclavicular (IC). Though the IC route is often preferred, the SC approach offers several distinct advantages. This study was planned to compare the technique of SVC using SC and IC approaches in terms of catheterization technique and complications in elective surgeries in adults. METHODS: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 1, 2, or 3 adult patients posted for elective surgeries under general anesthesia were recruited...

OBJECTIVES: Mortality from HIV has significantly declined with the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study sought to examine the longitudinal trends in mortality from HIV-related diseases by race, sex, geographical region, and over time as HAART trends changed. METHODS: We queried the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database and performed serial cross-sectional analyses of national death certificate data for all-cause mortality with comorbid HIV from 1999 to 2020...

IMPORTANCE: Underutilization of guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a major cause of poor outcomes. For many American Indian patients receiving care through the Indian Health Service, access to care, especially cardiology care, is limited, contributing to poor uptake of recommended therapy. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether a telehealth model in which guideline-directed medical therapy is initiated and titrated over the phone with remote telemonitoring using a home blood pressure cuff improves guideline-directed medical therapy use (eg, drug classes and dosage) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Navajo Nation...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The American Indian (AI) population in North Carolina has limited access to the Indian Health Service. Consequently, cancer burden and disparities may differ from national estimates. We describe the AI cancer population and examine AI-White disparities in cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: We identified cancer cases diagnosed among adult AI and White populations between 2014-2018 from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. We estimated incidence and mortality rate ratios (IRR; MRR) by race...

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Expenditure on healthcare is a major concern in the geriatric age group. The current study was carried out to assess the expenditure patterns on medicines utilized in geriatric inpatients. METHODS: An observational study was conducted on 1000 geriatric inpatients, aged ≥60 yr, admitted to the medicine unit. Data were collected regarding demographic characteristics, prescribed medicines, expenditure incurred on medicines, appropriateness of medicines prescribed and adverse drug reactions (ADRs)...

OBJECTIVE: This acceptability and feasibility study assessed a previously tested movie discussion intervention culturally adapted for a tribal health setting. BACKGROUND: Despite family and relationships being important in Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) cultures, social health interventions supporting committed ANAI couples have not been investigated. Couples watching and discussing movies can promote and sustain relationship health as effectively as intensive skill-building classes...