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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gayathiri Govindaraju, Balakrishnan Rajaiah, Srinivas Ramakrishnan, Deepak Thangaraju, Preethi Chandrasekar, Thangaraj Abiramalatha
OBJECTIVE: To identify the profile of organisms causing neonatal sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in recent years. METHODS: In this prospective study, authors included neonates with blood culture proven sepsis. Antibiotic resistance patterns that were identified were extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase and possible carbapenamase producer. Xpert CARBA-R test was performed to identify genes causing carbapenem resistance. RESULTS: There were 210 neonates with 216 episodes of blood culture proven sepsis...
April 22, 2024: Indian Journal of Pediatrics
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keming Sun, Chunxu Zhang, Ziwen Mao, Chen Wang, Hua Zhu, Huiqing Sun, Kang Wang, Weyland Cheng
OBJECTIVE: Signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis or septic arthritis in neonates and infants are often nonspecific and early-stage bone infections in infants may often go unnoticed. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of newborns and infants with osteomyelitis and septic arthritis to improve understanding of the disorder and to assist clinicians with diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted on neonates (0-28 days old, n = 94) and infants (1-12 months old, n = 415) with osteoarticular infections...
April 17, 2024: Jornal de Pediatria
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joel Manyahi, Agricola Joachim, Frank Msafiri, Mary Migiro, Anthon Mwingwa, Mabula Kasubi, Helga Naburi, Mtebe Venance Majigo
BACKGROUND: Polymicrobial bloodstream infections (BSI) are difficult to treat since empiric antibiotics treatment are frequently less effective against multiple pathogens. The study aimed to compare outcomes in patients with polymicrobial and monomicrobial BSIs. METHODS: The study was a retrospective case-control design conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital for data processed between July 2021 and June 2022. Cases were patients with polymicrobial BSI, and controls had monomicrobial BSI...
2024: PloS One
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Santhiya Vijayakumar, Hithesh Kumar, Soumya Basu, Sara Chandy, Anand Anbarasu, Anand Manoharan, Sudha Ramaiah
BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis poses a critical healthcare concern, as multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) infections are on the rise. Understanding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and underlying resistance mechanism is crucial for effective treatment. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of K. pneumoniae strains responsible for neonatal sepsis using in silico tools. We sought to identify trends and explore reasons for varying resistance levels, particularly for β-lactams and fluoroquinolone...
April 12, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanpreet Sethi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 15, 2024: Indian Pediatrics
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rupali Bavikar, Rajesh Kulkarni
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 15, 2024: Indian Pediatrics
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wafaa Ahmed Metwali, Abdelrahman Mohamed Elmashad, Sahar Mohey Eldin Hazzaa, Mohammed Al-Beltagi, Mohamed Basiony Hamza
BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis, a formidable threat to newborns, is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, with late-onset sepsis manifesting after 72 hours post-birth being particularly concerning. Pneumonia, a prevalent sepsis presentation, poses a significant risk, especially during the neonatal phase when lung defenses are compromised. Accurate diagnosis of pneumonia is imperative for timely and effective interventions. Saliva, a minimally invasive diagnostic medium, holds great promise for evaluating infections, especially in infants...
March 9, 2024: World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma Roberts, Wei Yao Ng, Maduka Sanjeewa, Janath De Silva
We present the first published case of simultaneous pneumonitis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in an immunocompetent patient. Treatment with oral valganciclovir for 2 weeks successfully led to complete clinical recovery. CMV is traditionally associated with infection in immunocompromised patients and neonates; however, evidence of severe CMV infections in immunocompetent hosts is emerging. It is important to highlight the broad range of clinical presentations of CMV infections to prevent diagnostic delay and associated morbidity and expense...
April 9, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raj Kumar Shrestha, Dhruba Shrestha, Ajaya Jang Kunwar, Sandeep Thapa, Nipun Shrestha, Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel, Christopher M Parry
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of data on the characteristics of overlap between acquired antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae in high-risk settings, especially with the inclusion of surveillance isolates along with the clinical. We investigated K. pneumoniae isolates, from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Nepal, for the presence of both accessory virulence factors and acquired antimicrobial resistance. METHODS: Thirty-eight clinical and nineteen surveillance K...
April 8, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Health
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ismail Sebina, Sylvia Ngo, Ridwan B Rashid, Mariah Alorro, Patricia Namubiru, Daniel Howard, Tufael Ahmed, Simon Phipps
Lifestyle factors like poor maternal diet or antibiotic exposure disrupt early life microbiome assembly in infants, increasing the risk of severe lower respiratory infections (sLRI). Our prior studies in mice indicated that a maternal low-fibre diet (LFD) exacerbates LRI severity in infants by impairing recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and consequently attenuating expansion of lung regulatory T (Treg) cells during pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) infection. Here, we investigated whether maternal dietary fibre intake influences Treg cell phenotypes in the mediastinal lymph nodes (mLN) and lungs of PVM-infected neonatal mice...
April 7, 2024: Immunology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabrielle McDonald, Rebecca Hayman, Joseph Hii
AIM: The aims of this research were to determine the mortality from sepsis and severe infection in the paediatric and adolescent populations of Aotearoa/New Zealand, and to determine the distribution of mortality by sub-populations. METHODS: We used three different methods to identify deaths from sepsis and severe infection and compared the groups: All deaths primarily coded with any ICD-10-AM code relating to sepsis; The presence of A40, A41 and P36 in any cause of death field; Deaths due to pneumonia and meningitis...
April 6, 2024: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francis Kwame Morgan Tetteh, Anthony Ablordey, Noah Obeng-Nkrumah, Japheth Awuletey Opintan
INTRODUCTION: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are pathogens of significant public health interest for which new antibiotics are urgently needed. AIM: To determine the prevalence of ESBLs in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from patients attending the Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH) in Ghana. METHODOLOGY: The study was a cross-sectional study involving convenience sampling of E. coli and K...
2024: PloS One
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Darren Anderson, Sanjay Patel, Antonia Hargadon-Lowe
A term neonate presented with cyanosis from birth, with refractory hypoxaemia despite intubation, administration of 100% oxygen and inhaled nitric oxide. Structural congenital heart disease was excluded. He developed profuse pulmonary haemorrhage at 6 hours of life with worsening hypoxia and was transferred to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for initiation of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vvECMO). Endotracheal aspirates from both the birth hospital and the PICU were positive for Bacillus cereus , with all other investigations finding no alternative cause for his presentation...
April 4, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shahinda Rezk, Nourhan Ashraf, Hassan Heshmat, Gamal Elsawaf, Amel Elsheredy
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a critical life-threatening challenge which necessitates the urgency to trigger life-saving treatment in a timely manner. This study aimed to evaluate the time required for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) directly from blood culture bottles to optimize empirical treatment of BSI, especially in pediatric and infant patients, using a cost-effective method. This study included 419 Gram-negative bacteria, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the most common CPE causing BSI in pediatric and neonatal patients...
April 4, 2024: Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
#15
REVIEW
Pearl Ntshonga, Irene Gobe, Garesego Koto, Jonathan Strysko, Giacomo Maria Paganotti
Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the World Health Organization's list of priority pathogens, notorious for its role in causing healthcare-associated infections and neonatal sepsis globally. Containment of K. pneumoniae transmission depends on the continued effectiveness of antimicrobials and of biocides used for topical antisepsis and surface disinfection. Klebsiella pneumoniae is known to disseminate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through a large auxiliary genome made up of plasmids, transposons and integrons, enabling it to evade antimicrobial killing through the use of efflux systems and biofilm development...
June 2024: Infection prevention in practice
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mustafa Akkoyunlu
Like the other invasive encapsulated bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae is also covered with a polysaccharide structure. Infants and elderly are most vulnerable to the invasive and noninvasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae . Although antibodies against polysaccharide capsule are efficient in eliminating S. pneumoniae , the T cell independent nature of the immune response against polysaccharide vaccines renders them weakly antigenic. The introduction of protein conjugated capsular polysaccharide vaccines helped overcome the weak immunogenicity of pneumococcal polysaccharides and decreased the incidence of pneumococcal diseases, especially in pediatric population...
December 31, 2024: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Crawford, Chary Akmyradov, Rashmitha Dachepally, Parthak Prodhan
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to evaluate the mortality risk factors and hospitalization outcomes of adenovirus pneumonia in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. METHODS: In this retrospective multicenter cohort study utilizing the Pediatric Health Information System database, we analyzed congenital heart disease patients with adenovirus pneumonia from January 2004 to September 2018, categorizing them into shunts, obstructive lesions, cyanotic lesions and mixing lesions...
April 2, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Nieto-Rosado, Kirsty Sands, Edward A R Portal, Kathryn M Thomson, Maria J Carvalho, Jordan Mathias, Rebecca Milton, Calie Dyer, Chinenye Akpulu, Ian Boostrom, Patrick Hogan, Habiba Saif, Ana D Sanches Ferreira, Thomas Hender, Barbra Portal, Robert Andrews, W John Watkins, Rabaab Zahra, Haider Shirazi, Adil Muhammad, Syed Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Hilal Jan, Shermeen Akif, Kenneth C Iregbu, Fatima Modibbo, Stella Uwaezuoke, Lamidi Audu, Chinago P Edwin, Ashiru H Yusuf, Adeola Adeleye, Aisha S Mukkadas, Jean Baptiste Mazarati, Aniceth Rucogoza, Lucie Gaju, Shaheen Mehtar, Andrew N H Bulabula, Andrew Whitelaw, Lauren Roberts, Grace Chan, Delayehu Bekele, Semaria Solomon, Mahlet Abayneh, Gesit Metaferia, Timothy R Walsh
Hospital surfaces can harbour bacterial pathogens, which may disseminate and cause nosocomial infections, contributing towards mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). During the BARNARDS study, hospital surfaces from neonatal wards were sampled to assess the degree of environmental surface and patient care equipment colonisation by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we perform PCR screening for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (blaCTX-M-15 ) and carbapenemases (blaNDM , blaOXA-48 -like and blaKPC ), MALDI-TOF MS identification of GNB carrying ARGs, and further analysis by whole genome sequencing of bacterial isolates...
March 29, 2024: Nature Communications
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chunxia Lei, Chunhui Wan, Caixia Liu
INTRODUCTION: Congenital surfactant deficiency, often caused by mutations in genes involved in surfactant biosynthesis such as ABCA3, presents a significant challenge in neonatal care due to its severe respiratory manifestations. This study aims to analyze the clinical data of a newborn male diagnosed with pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction type 3 resulting from ABCA3 gene mutations to provide insights into the management of this condition. PATIENT CONCERNS: A newly born male child aged 1 day and 3 hours was referred to our department due to poor crying and shortness of breath...
March 29, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bingfeng Zhou, Xiaoli Wen, Jun Zhou, Xiaodan Lv
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic implications of white blood cell (WBC) count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in neonatal pneumonia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed, and a total of 30 neonates diagnosed with pneumonia were recruited from Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital between March 2020 and March 2021. Patients were categorized into three groups: bacterial infection, viral infection, and mycoplasma infection, with 30 cases in each group...
March 29, 2024: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
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