SREs

Bone metastases (BM) are a serious cancer complication, potentially causing substantial morbidity. Among the clinical issues related to BM, there is the lack of specific tools for early diagnosis and prognosis. We explored whether combining bone turnover markers (BTM) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessment could identify early BM progression and risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) during zoledronate treatment. Before the initiation of zoledronate (T0) and after six months of treatment (T1), serum levels of five BTM were measured, and patients (N = 47) underwent DXA evaluation...

In analysis of complex samples, the stability and sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates may be compromised by matrix interference. To address this issue, a membrane substrate was prepared for fast enrichment, separation, and detection of chrysoidine all-in-one. The silver nanoparticles modified sulfur-containing POSS polymer (AgNPs/POSS-P-S) SERS membrane substrate was fabricated using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as support materials. Through in-situ growth, AgNPs were uniformly modified on POSS-P-S to ensure the stability and SERS activity of the membrane substrate...

BACKGROUND: Early palliative/pre-emptive intervention improves clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients with metastatic cancer. A previous signal-seeking randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated that early upfront radiotherapy to asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic high-risk osseous metastases led to reduction in skeletal-related events (SREs), a benefit driven primarily by subgroup of high-risk spine metastasis. The current RCT aims to determine whether early palliative/pre-emptive radiotherapy in patients with high-risk, asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic spine metastases will lead to fewer SREs within 1 year...

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and most often metastasizes to the bone, resulting in skeletal-related events (SREs). Bone-modifying agents (BMAs) including denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b ligand (RANKL), and pamidronate, a bisphosphonate, are used to prevent these adverse events. METHODS: To analyze the efficacy of denosumab versus pamidronate, we used the TriNetX research platform and compared the outcomes of pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, and overall 5-year survival rate between each pharmacotherapy...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a theory-based behavior change intervention could promote changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as its effects on symptoms of dyspnea, lung function, exercise capacity, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A quasi-experimental design and convenience sampling were adopted. A total of 92 patients with stable COPD were recruited from outpatient and inpatient centers of two hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China...

Fluctuating energy prices call for short-term river flow regulation at hydropower plants (HPPs), which can lead to hydropeaking - the pulsating water flow downstream from a HPP. Hydropeaking can affect land use areas of regulated rivers and subsequently their socio-recreational ecosystem services (SRESs). These areas often offer a range of services, such as swimming, boating, fishing, hiking, cycling, and berry picking. Such activities hold significant value in Nordic culture and for human wellbeing. We have examined how SRES land use areas are affected by hourly hydropeaking in a reach of the Kemijoki River in Finland...

PURPOSE: Despite guidelines recommending bone-modifying agents (BMAs) to decrease skeletal-related events (SREs) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), BMAs are underutilized. In this retrospective cohort study, we report the factors associated with BMA use in a national health care delivery system. METHODS: We used the Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse to identify men with mCRPC between 2010 and 2017. BMA prescribing frequency was evaluated, and the association between patient- and disease-specific factors with BMA use was assessed using multivariable logistic regression...

The most common site of metastasis in breast cancer is the bone, where the balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation is disrupted. This imbalance causes osteolytic bone metastasis in breast cancer, which leads to bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and other skeletal-related events (SREs). These complications reduce patients' quality of life significantly and have a profound impact on prognosis. In this review, we begin by providing a brief overview of the epidemiology of bone metastasis in breast cancer, including current diagnostic tools, treatment approaches, and existing challenges...

BACKGROUND: Bone metastases are the most common site of metastatic disease in breast cancer and can result in significant pain and an increased risk of skeletal-related events (SREs). Uncontrolled pain can further lead to negative outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The aim is to provide oncology nurses with the latest evidence on the management of bone metastases in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with a focus on pain and SREs. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the Embase®, PubMed®/MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, and Cochrane Library databases...

There is evidence of weak self-processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including diminished self-reference effects (SREs) in memory. Because smaller SREs in older ASD children and adults are sometimes associated with worse social functioning, we examined this relation for the first time in ASD preschoolers (n = 21). Following a self-performed task, children completed tests of self/other source memory, verbal ability, imitation and mentalizing. Although the ASD children were outperformed on the socio-cognitive measures by non-autistic preschoolers (n = 20), they still showed a significant SRE...

BACKGROUND: Excessive pesticide residues will seriously endanger human health. The complexity and lag of the current popular analytical methods hinder the timeliness of food safety analysis. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was an ultra-sensitive vibration spectroscopy technology with the advantages of less time cost, non-destructive and semi-quantitative detection, which has attracted much attention in the rapid field detection of pesticide residue. It was clear that we need an efficient and convenient substrate for pesticide residue detection based on SRES technology, which needs to be portable, flexible, transparent and easy to detect irregular object surfaces...

We introduce a novel approach to evaluate the nonstabilizerness of an N-qubits matrix product state (MPS) with bond dimension χ. In particular, we consider the recently introduced stabilizer Rényi entropies (SREs). We show that the exponentially hard evaluation of the SREs can be achieved by means of a simple perfect sampling of the many-body wave function over the Pauli string configurations. The sampling is achieved with a novel MPS technique, which enables us to compute each sample in an efficient way with a computational cost O(Nχ^{3})...

Drug-coated balloons (DCB) offer an excellent alternative to stents as the antiproliferative drugs are delivered via balloons and hence there is no permanent implant of metal or polymer. This rationale applies perfectly in in-stent restenosis (ISR) as we want to avoid another layer of metal in a previously failed stent. However, their use has also been extended to de novo lesions especially in patients and lesion subsets where stents are not ideal. There is an increased desire toward expanding this further and studies are now being done which are testing DCB in large-caliber vessels...

Estrogens have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers, with increasing concern regarding the overall rising incidence of disease and exposure to environmental estrogens. Estrogens, both endogenous and environmental, manifest their actions through intracellular and plasma membrane receptors, named ERα, ERβ, and GPER. Collectively, they act to promote a broad transcriptional response that is mediated through multiple regulatory enhancers, including estrogen response elements (EREs), serum response elements (SREs), and cyclic AMP response elements (CREs)...

BACKGROUND: Little is known on how denosumab reduces skeletal-related events (SREs) by bone metastases from solid tumors. We sought to evaluate the effect of denosumab administration in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. METHODS: Data of patients treated with denosumab were collected from electronic medical charts (n = 496). Eligible participants in this study were adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with metastatic bone lesions from solid tumors treated with denosumab...

BACKGROUND: Bone modifying agents (BMAs) have been used to prevent skeletal-related events (SRE) in cancer patients with bone metastases. In this meta-analysis, efficacy and adverse events (AEs) were studied based on a de-escalation strategy in which the BMA dosing interval was prolonged from 4 to 12 weeks. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, ICHUSHI, and CINAHL were searched for articles on BMA dosing intervals from outcomes measured were the incidence of SRE and related various AEs...

Background Prediction of high-risk events in mental disorder patients is crucial. In our previous study, we developed a deep learning model: DeepBiomarker by using electronic medical records (EMR) to predict suicide related event (SRE) risk in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients. Methods We applied DeepBiomarker2 through data integration of multimodal information: lab test, medication, co-morbidities, and social determinants of health. We analyzed EMRs of 5,565 patients from University of Pittsburgh Medical Center with a diagnosis of PTSD and alcohol use disorder (AUD) on risk of developing an adverse event (opioid use disorder, SREs, depression and death)...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Radiation therapy represents a primary therapy for palliation of symptomatic bone metastases. Recently, a randomized trial found that radiation may prevent skeletal-related events (SREs) among patients with asymptomatic bone metastases. Skeletal-related events, such as pathologic fracture or spinal cord compression, cause considerable morbidity and decrements in quality of life. However, asymptomatic bone metastases are quite common and treating large numbers of these patients with radiation adds cost to the health care system...

BACKGROUND: Bone-targeted therapy (BTT) including zoledronic acid (ZA) and denosumab decreases the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and bone metastasis. The impacts from prolonged BTT on SREs and BTT-associated harms are unknown and are becoming important to understand as these patients survive for longer periods. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective study of 224 patients with MBC and bone metastasis who survived for more than 2 years after diagnosis and received treatment at our institution between 2016 and 2021...

During the course of lung cancer progression, bone metastases occur in about 40% of patients. Common complications associated with bone metastases in lung cancer patients include musculoskeletal pain, pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia. We discuss the efficacy of bone-modifying agents (BMAs) in reducing skeletal-related events (SREs) and improving cancer-related outcomes, particularly in patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer with bone metastases. In addition, the combined effects of BMAs with radiotherapy or immunotherapy in reducing SREs in patients with lung cancer and bone metastases are explored...