keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489349/single-cell-nad-h-levels-predict-clonal-lymphocyte-expansion-dynamics
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucien Turner, Tran Ngoc Van Le, Eric Cross, Clemence Queriault, Montana Knight, Krittin Trihemasava, James Davis, Patrick Schaefer, Janet Nguyen, Jimmy Xu, Brian Goldspiel, Elise Hall, Kelly Rome, Michael Scaglione, Joel Eggert, Byron Au-Yeung, Douglas C Wallace, Clementina Mesaros, Joseph A Baur, Will Bailis
Adaptive immunity requires the expansion of high-affinity lymphocytes from a heterogeneous pool. Whereas current models explain this through signal transduction, we hypothesized that antigen affinity tunes discrete metabolic pathways to license clonal lymphocyte dynamics. Here, we identify nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis as a biochemical hub for the T cell receptor affinity-dependent metabolome. Through this central anabolic role, we found that NAD biosynthesis governs a quiescence exit checkpoint, thereby pacing proliferation...
March 15, 2024: Science Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489323/potential-efficacy-of-t-and-b-lymphocyte-targeted-therapies-on-articular-involvement-of-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-and-systemic-sclerosis-overlap-syndrome-results-from-a-2-centre-series-of-22-cases
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nans Lebel, Isabelle Marie, Julien Grosjean, Pauline Brevet, Mathilde Leclercq, Anaël Dumont, Hervé Levesque, Ygal Benhamou, Christian Marcelli, Thierry Lequerre, Olivier Vittecoq
OBJECTIVES: To analyse in routine practice the efficacy of targeted therapies on joint involvement of patients with rheumatoid arthritis/systemic sclerosis (RA/SSc) overlap syndrome. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of medical records of two academic centres over a 10-year period. Joint response to targeted therapies was measured according to EULAR criteria based on Disease Activity Score (DAS)-28. In addition, changes in CRP level and glucocorticoid consumption were recorded...
March 13, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488021/-retracted-tanshinone-iia-enhances-the-inhibitory-effect-of-imatinib-on-proliferation-and-motility-of-acute-leukemia-cell-line-tib%C3%A2-152-in%C3%A2-vivo-and-in%C3%A2-vitro-by-inhibiting-the-pi3k-akt-mtor-signaling-pathway
#23
Zhi Teng, Shijuan Xu, Qin Lei
Following the publication of the above article, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that the Transwell cell invasion assay data featured in Figs. 2D and 4E, certain of the tumor images in Fig. 5A and the TUNEL assay data in Fig. 5C were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had either already been published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to Oncology Reports , or which under consideration for publication at around the same time (some papers of which have been retracted)...
May 2024: Oncology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487537/cd5-blockade-a-novel-immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-enhances-t-cell-anti-tumour-immunity-and-delays-tumour-growth-in-mice-harbouring-poorly-immunogenic-4t1-breast-tumour-homografts
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faizah M Alotaibi, Wei-Ping Min, James Koropatnick
CD5 is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich superfamily that is expressed on T cells and a subset of B cells (B1a) cell and can regulate the T cell receptor signaling pathway. Blocking CD5 function may have therapeutic potential in treatment of cancer by enhancing cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition and ablation of tumour cells. The effect of administering an anti-CD5 antibody to block or reduce CD5 function as an immune checkpoint blockade to enhance T cell anti-tumour activation and function in vivo has not been explored...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487528/a-phase-i-trial-of-son-1010-a-tumor-targeted-interleukin-12-linked-albumin-binding-cytokine-shows-favorable-pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics-and-safety-in-healthy-volunteers
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard T Kenney, John K Cini, Susan Dexter, Manuel DaFonseca, Justus Bingham, Isabelle Kuan, Sant P Chawla, Thomas M Polasek, Jason Lickliter, Philip J Ryan
BACKGROUND: The benefits of recombinant interleukin-12 (rIL-12) as a multifunctional cytokine and potential immunotherapy for cancer have been sought for decades based on its efficacy in multiple mouse models. Unexpected toxicity in the first phase 2 study required careful attention to revised dosing strategies. Despite some signs of efficacy since then, most rIL-12 clinical trials have encountered hurdles such as short terminal elimination half-life (T½ ), limited tumor microenvironment targeting, and substantial systemic toxicity...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486998/development-of-lag-3-fgl1-blocking-peptide-and-combination-with-radiotherapy-for-cancer-immunotherapy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuzhen Qian, Yixuan Sun, Peishang Shi, Xiuman Zhou, Qiongqiong Zhang, Qingyu Dong, Shengzhe Jin, Lu Qiu, Xiaoshuang Niu, Xiaowen Zhou, Wenshan Zhao, Yahong Wu, Wenjie Zhai, Yanfeng Gao
Aside from antibodies, peptides show great potential as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) due to several advantages, such as better tumor penetration and lower cost. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint which can induce T cell dysfunction through interaction with its soluble ligand fibrinogen like protein-1 (FGL1). Here, we found that LAG-3 expression was higher than programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in multiple human cancers by TCGA databases, and successfully identified a LAG-3 binding peptide LFP-6 by phage display bio-panning, which specifically blocks the interaction of LAG-3/FGL1 but not LAG-3/MHC-II...
March 2024: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486995/biomimetic-gemini-nanoimmunoregulators-orchestrated-for-boosted-photoimmunotherapy-by-spatiotemporally-modulating-pd-l1-and-tumor-associated-macrophages
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Honglin Huang, Ningxi Li, Xiaodan Wei, Qingzhi Li, Junhan Guo, Geng Yang, Hong Yang, Lulu Cai, Yiyao Liu, Chunhui Wu
A novel strategy of not only stimulating the immune cycle but also modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is of vital importance to efficient cancer immunotherapy. Here, a new type of spatiotemporal biomimetic "Gemini nanoimmunoregulators" was engineered to activate robust systemic photoimmunotherapy by integrating the triple-punch of amplified immunogenic cell death (ICD), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) phenotype reprogramming and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) degradation. The "Gemini nanoimmunoregulators" PM@RM-T7 and PR@RM-M2 were constructed by taking the biocompatible mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) as nanovectors to deliver metformin (Met) and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) to cancer cells and TAMs by specific biorecognition via wrapping of red blood cell membrane (RM) inlaid with T7 or M2 peptides...
March 2024: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486772/insufficient-phosphorylation-of-stat5-in-tregs-inhibits-the-expression-of-blimp-1-but-not-irf4-reduction-the-proportion-of-tregs-in-pediatric-aplastic-anemia
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lifen Huang, Junbin Huang, Nannan Tang, Hongman Xue, Shaofen Lin, Su Liu, Qihui Chen, Yinsi Lu, Qian Liang, Yun Wang, Qingqing Zhu, Guoxing Zheng, Yun Chen, Chengming Zhu, Chun Chen
Deficiency in regulatory T cells (Tregs) is an important mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of pediatric aplastic anemia, but its specific mechanism is unclear. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether IL-2/STAT5 can regulate the proliferation of Tregs in aplastic anemia (AA) by regulating their expression of B lymphocyte-induced mature protein-1 (BLIMP-1) or interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). Through clinical research and animal experiments, we found that poor activation of the IL-2/STAT5 signaling pathway may leads to low expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs of children with AA, which leads to defects in the differentiation and proliferation of Tregs in AA...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486755/designing-a-conjugate-vaccine-targeting-klebsiella-pneumoniae-st258-and-st11
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Li, Mingkai Yu, Yigang Yuan, Danyang Li, Daijiao Ye, Min Zhao, Zihan Lin, Liuzhi Shi
Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K. pneumoniae ) is a common bacterium that can cause iatrogenic infection. Recently, the rise of antibiotic resistance among K. pneumoniae strains is one key factor associated with antibiotic treatment failure. Hencefore, there is an urgent need for effective K. pneumoniae vaccines. This study aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) candidate against K. pneumonia by utilizing an immunoinformatics method. In this study, we obtained 15 cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes, 10 helper T lymphocyte epitopes, 6 linear B-cell epitopes, and 2 conformational B-cell epitopes for further research...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486698/the-changes-and-its-significance-of-peripheral-blood-nk-cells-in-patients-with-tuberculous-meningitis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Mi, Yinping Liu, Yong Xue, Wenna Sun, Yan Liang, Jianqin Liang, Huiru An, Xueqiong Wu
OBJECTIVE: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis (TB). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the number of natural killer (NK) cells and adaptive immune status, and disease severity in TBM patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on 244 TB patients and 146 healthy control subjects in the 8th Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from March 2018 and August 2023. RESULTS: The absolute count of NK cells in the peripheral blood of TBM patients was significantly lower than that in normal controls (NC), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and non-severe TB (NSTB) patients ( p  < 0...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486479/a-nomogram-based-on-clinical-characteristics-and-nutritional-indicators-for-relative-and-absolute-weight-loss-during-radiotherapy-in-initially-inoperable-patients-with-locally-advanced-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuan He, Wen-Jun Liao, An-Qi Hu, Xiao-Yang Li, Jian-Guo Wang, Dong Qian
OBJECTIVE: Radiation for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma often is accompanied by radiation esophagitis, which interferes with oral intake. We aimed to develop a nomogram model to identify initially inoperable patients with relative and absolute weight loss who need prophylactic nutritional supplementation. METHODS: A total of 365 initially inoperable patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving radiotherapy between January 2018 and December 2022 were included in the study, which was divided into discovery and validation cohorts...
January 2024: Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486475/a-novel-immunoinformatics-approach-for-developing-a-poly-epitope-vaccine-targeting-foot-and-mouth-disease-virus-exploiting-structural-vp-proteins
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Saad Bhutta, Muhammad Awais, Sahar Sadaqat, Fernando Berton Zanchi, Naila Shahid, Abdul Qayyum Rao
Foot and mouth Disease virus (FMDV) belongs to Picornaviridae family and Aphthovirus genus causing Foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cloven-hoofed animals. FMDV, a prevalent virus induces both acute and chronic infections with high mutation rates resulting in seven primary serotypes, making vaccine development indispensable. Due to time and cost effectiveness of the immunoinformatic approach, we designed in-silico polyepitope vaccine (PEV) for the curtailment of FMDV. Structural and immunogenic parts of FMDV (Viral Protein 1 (VP1), Viral Protein 2 (VP2), Viral Protein 3 (VP3), and Viral Protein 4 (VP4)) were used to design the cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL), Helper T Lymphocyte (HTL), and B-cell epitopes, followed by screening for antigenic, non-allergenic, Interferon (IFN) simulator, and non-toxicity, which narrowed down to 7 CTL, 3 HTL, and 12 B-cell epitopes...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486264/alterations-of-lung-microbiota-in-lung-transplant-recipients-with-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiaoyan Lian, Xiuling Song, Juhua Yang, Lulin Wang, Peihang Xu, Xiaohua Wang, Xin Xu, Bin Yang, Jianxing He, Chunrong Ju
BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence revealed that lung microbiota dysbiosis was associated with pulmonary infection in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that frequently causes lethal pneumonia in LTRs. However, the lung microbiota in LTRs with P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) remains unknow. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, we performed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on 72 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from 61 LTRs (20 with PJP, 22 with PJC, 19 time-matched stable LTRs, and 11 from LTRs after PJP recovery)...
March 14, 2024: Respiratory Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486210/spectrum-of-malignant-and-premalignant-skin-lesions-in-505-adult-subjects-at-risk-of-skin-cancers
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reetta Nevakivi, Hanna Siiskonen, Salla Haimakainen, Ilkka T Harvima
Patients at risk of skin cancers can develop varying types of cutaneous malignancies. However, some subjects may develop only one type of lesion. In this cross-sectional study, the spectrum of premalignant (PM) and malignant skin lesions and their risk factors were studied. Therefore, 505 adult subjects (aged 21-79 years, 256 males and 249 females, 96 with immunosuppression) at risk of any type of skin cancer were examined for cutaneous malignancies, nevi, actinic keratoses, photodamage, and possible risk factors...
March 14, 2024: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486128/nfkbie-mutations-are-selected-by-the-tumor-microenvironment-and-contribute-to-immune-escape-in-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice Bonato, Supriya Chakraborty, Riccardo Bomben, Giulia Canarutto, Giulia Felician, Claudio Martines, Antonella Zucchetto, Federico Pozzo, Marija Vujovikj, Jerry Polesel, Annalisa Chiarenza, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Giovanni Del Poeta, Giovanni D'Arena, Roberto Marasca, Agostino Tafuri, Luca Laurenti, Silvano Piazza, Aleksandar J Dimovski, Valter Gattei, Dimitar G Efremov
Loss-of-function mutations in NFKBIE, which encodes for the NF-κB inhibitor IκBε, are frequent in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and certain other B-cell malignancies and have been associated with accelerated disease progression and inferior responses to chemotherapy. Using in vitro and in vivo murine models and primary patient samples, we now show that NFKBIE-mutated CLL cells are selected by microenvironmental signals that activate the NF-κB pathway and induce alterations within the tumor microenvironment that can allow for immune escape, including expansion of CD8+ T-cells with an exhausted phenotype and increased PD-L1 expression on the malignant B-cells...
March 15, 2024: Leukemia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485905/unraveling-the-impact-of-blood-transfusion-on-transcription-factors-regulating-t-helper-1-2-17-and-regulatory-t-cells
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samad Valizadeh, Azita Chegini, Faranak Behnaz, Ali Akbar Pourfatollah, Shahram Samiee, Ronak Karbalaeifar
T helper 1 (TH1) and TH2 lymphocytes are the most important components of the immune system affected by blood transfusion. This study aimed`` to evaluate the effect of blood transfusion on gene expression of transcription factors related to the development of TH1, TH2, TH17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this cross-sectional study, 20 patients diagnosed with abdominal aortic aneurysms requiring surgical repair were studied from January 2018 to August 2020. We utilized real-time PCR to evaluate the expression of transcription factor genes associated with TH1, TH2, TH17, and Treg, namely T-box-expressed-in-T-cells (T-bet), GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA-3), retinoid-related orphan receptor (RORγt), and fork head box protein 3 (Foxp3), respectively...
February 11, 2024: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485875/immunosuppressive-cyclotides-a-promising-approach-for-treating-autoimmune-diseases
#37
REVIEW
Nguyen Thai Huynh, Thao N T Ho, Yen N D Pham, Le Hang Dang, Son H Pham, Tien T Dang
The immune system maintains constant surveillance to prevent the infiltration of both endogenous and exogenous threats into host organisms. The process is regulated by effector immune cells that combat external pathogens and regulatory immune cells that inhibit excessive internal body inflammation, ultimately establishing a state of homeostasis within the body. Disruption to this process could lead to autoimmunity, which is often associated with the malfunction of both T cells and B cells with T cells playing a more major role...
March 15, 2024: Protein Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485815/cytotoxic-t-lymphocyte-associated-antigen-4-ctla-4-gene-polymorphisms-in-a-cohort-of-egyptian-patients-with-immune-thrombocytopenia-itp
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Doaa Mohamed El Demerdash, Maha Mohamed Saber, Alia Ayad, Kareeman Gomaa, Mohamed Abdelkader Morad
BACKGROUND: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by immune response dysregulations. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) plays a central role in immune checkpoint pathways and preventing autoimmune diseases by regulating immune tolerance. We aimed to explore the potential association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and ITP as well as study their impact on the response to therapy. METHODS: We investigated two CTLA-4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs: 231775 and rs: 3087243) using real-time PCR as well as the plasma levels of CTLA-4 by ELISA in 88 patients with ITP and 44 healthy participants (HC)...
March 1, 2024: Blood Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485795/germline-havcr2-tim-3-checkpoint-inhibitor-receptor-deficiency-in-recurrent-autoinflammatory-myocarditis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nora Pernaa, Anni Vakkuri, Miika Arvonen, Outi Kuismin, Wenny Santaniemi, Virpi Glumoff, Elisa Lappi-Blanco, Ulla Lantto, Marjo Okkonen, Kari Kaikkonen, Juhani Junttila, Risto Kerkelä, Pirjo Åström, Timo Hautala
Myocarditis can be caused by viral infection, drug reaction or general inflammatory condition. To provide understanding on inflammatory myocarditis, we describe clinical, genetic, and immunological properties of a young male patient who suffered from recurrent myocarditis episodes since the age of four years. Electrocardiography, troponin I/T, echocardiography, myocardial magnetic resonance imaging and histological findings were consistent with recurrent myocarditis episodes. Homozygous c.245 A > G p...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485665/bibenzyl-phenylpropane-hybrids-with-immunosuppressive-activities-from-dendrobium-nobile-lindl
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing-Tao Wang, Chao-Fan Wang, Ying Liu, Rui Zhan
Fifteen bibenyls and four fluorenones, including five new bibenzyl-phenylpropane hybrids, were isolated from the aerial part of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Bioassay on the LPS-induced proliferations of mouse splenic B lymphocytes, and Con A-induced T lymphocytes showed that compounds 1, 2, and 14 showed excellent immunosuppressive activities with IC50 values of 1.23, 1.01, and 3.87 μM, respectively, while compounds 3-4, 7, 10, 13, and 15 exhibited moderate immunosuppressive activities with IC50 values ranging from 6...
March 14, 2024: Chemistry & Biodiversity
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