autoinmune

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scaring hair loss and preservation of hair follicles. The information available on disease course, and clinical features of AA is scarce worldwide, and almost nonexistent in Colombia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with AA who presented to a dermatology consultation in 5 Colombian cities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and multicenter study on data from an ongoing National Registry of Alopecia Areata in Colombia (RENAAC) collected in Bogota, Cali, Cartagena, Barranquilla, and Medellin, Colombia from March 2022 through April 2023...

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the cardiac tissue of variable etiology, both infectious and non-infectious. Its presentation can range from asymptomatic to fulminant forms. We present the case of a 24-year-old male patient with a history of autoimmune hepatitis in compensated cirrhotic phase. He consulted for dyspnea of 15 days evolution. He had presented gastrointestinal symptoms one month prior to the consultation. Physical examination revealed signs of heart failure. Laboratory examination showed elevated cardiac biomarkers and acute on chronic hepatic insufficiency...

The term "autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants" (ASIA) describes a variety of autoimmune conditions triggered by exposure to substances with adjuvant activity. We present the case of a patient with a history of biopolymer infiltration in both glutes, who years later experienced progressive weakness and pain in the lower limbs, myalgias, cramps, and progressive functional impotence following a mild COVID-19 infection. Laboratory test results were not consistent with any autoimmune disease. Physical examination revealed diffuse bilateral subcutaneous nodules...

UNLABELLED: Background: Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is characterized by a pattern of inflammation that predominantly affects the limbic system It is part of the autoimmune encephalitis that attack neuronal surface antigens. It is characterized by the triad of subacute dementia, faciobrachial dystonic crises, and hyponatremia, presenting an excellent response to immunotherapy. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical evolution and functional outcome at 6 months of two patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis using clinical cases...

Arterial hypertension is the most important cardiovascular risk factor in chronic non-communicable diseases and is estimated to be responsible for 10.4 million deaths annually. The global prevalence of hypertension is 30% and the majority of people with hypertension do not have a clear identifiable cause and are considered to have primary hypertension. Experimental and clinical investigations from several research groups, including ours, have established that inflammation and autoimmune reactivity play a role in the sodium retention and hemodynamic responses that drive primary hypertension...

PURPOSE: To explore the association between T. gondii and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). METHODS: This study involved 82 patients with ARDs: 44 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 28 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 10 systemic sclerosis (SSc) and 61 age- and sex-matched controls. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and disease activity was assessed. Exposure to toxoplasmosis risk factors was investigated. Serological tests for anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies were assessed using ELISA...

INTRODUCTION: Up to 25% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) debut with autoimmunity, which is related to the Freiburg classification, which is based on flow cytometry. OBJECTIVE: to determine the frequency and type of autoimmune diseases and their association with the Freiburg classification in adults with CVID. METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical and observational study was carried out with 33 patients belonging to the Primary Immunodeficiency Clinic of a third level hospital, with a diagnosis of CVID...

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Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) is an enzyme involved in phase II biotransformation processes and a member of a multigene family of detoxifying and clearing reactive oxygen species. GSTT1 is polymorphic like other biotransforming enzymes, allowing variability in hepatic conjugation processes. Immunological recognition of the GSTT1 alloantigen, as evidenced by donor-specific antibodies formation, has previously been observed in recipients lacking GSTT1 protein (called GSTT1-, GSTT*0, null phenotype or homozygous for the GSTT1 deletion) who receive liver or kidney transplants from GSTT1+ donors and is a risk factor for the development of de novo hepatitis following liver transplants from a GSTT1 expressing donor...

Diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of respiratory disorders that are usually classified together because they have similar clinical, radiological, physiological or pathological manifestations. In the last decade there have been important scientific advances in the study of these entities, which has led to a better understanding of their pathophysiology and to the appearance of treatments that have brought about a paradigm shift in the disease. This document presents a series of questions and answers on ILD, with special emphasis on the most relevant changes in terms of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment...

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral venous thrombosis is an uncommon cause of cerebrovascular disease, which has been increasing worldwide. In Colombia, there are not enough recent studies that allow us to determine epidemiological characteristics of the disease in our population to identify more frequent risk factors and complications according to our living conditions. OBJETIVE: To describe clinical, demographic, and radiographic characteristics, and risk factors in a cohort of patients with cerebral venous thrombosis attended at two hospitals in Colombia...

Immune checkpoints inhibitors have shown a remarkable improvement in overall survival of stage IV renal cell carcinoma patients. Nevertheless, there is a wide range of immune-related adverse events (IRAE) that arise from these revolutionary treatments. Autoimmune encephalitis is a rare but severe central nervous system IRAE in these cancer patients. The severities of these IRAEs preclude patients from continuing immunotherapy treatment. Few cases of autoimmune encephalitis with immunotherapy have been described in the literature and optimal clinical management of these events as well as patient's immune-mediated response after treatment suspension is still unclear...

INTRODUCTION: Several retrospective and cross-sectional studies have revealed a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) with a predominance of autoimmune hypothyroidism in prolactinoma patients compared to the general population. To date, we have no data on the clinical course of AITD in these patients. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the clinical course of AITD in female patients with prolactinomas compared to an age- and thyroid-risk factors-matched control group...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of persistent hypogammaglobulinemia in patients receiving Rituximab as a treatment for autoimmune rheumatological diseases. METHODS: A transversal, retrospective and unicentric study, carried out in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases who were admitted to the Rheumatology service of the Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Mexico City, to receive treatment with rituximab between January 2013 and January 2018...

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: A large number of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AH) seek information about their disease on the Internet. The reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality of said information in Spanish has not been studied. Our aim was to describe the characteristics of the information about AH on YouTube®. METHODS: An analytic observational study evaluated videos in Spanish about AH available on YouTube®, describing their general characteristics, viewer engagement, and information sources...

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) comprises a group of immune-mediated diseases that, until recently, were considered separate entities. These entities have a similar clinical presentation, serological findings, and pathogenesis, so they are currently considered a single multisystemic disease. The common characteristic is the infiltration of involved tissues by plasma cells and lymphocytes that are positive for IgG4. Three major criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis of IgG4-RD: clinical, laboratory, and histological...

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is a common cause of severe and potentially fatal encephalitis. Autoimmune post-herpes simplex encephalitis (AIPHSE) affects a percentage of patients who developed herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and is characterized by the onset of new neurological/psychiatric symptoms and/or worsening of deficits acquired during the herpes infection within a predictable time frame. It is caused by a mechanism not related to HSV, but by autoimmune conditions, and is susceptible to treatment with immunomodulators...

INTRODUCTION: Interstitial lung diseases associated with systemic autoimmune diseases (ILD-SAD) can progress to a fibrotic form that can benefit from antifibrotic treatment. The aim of the study is to describe a cohort of patients with ILD-SAD who manifest progressive pulmonary fibrosis treated with antifibrotics. METHODS: Single-centre retrospective observational study from a tertiary care hospital on a cohort of patients with ILD-SAD with progressive pulmonary fibrosis evaluated in a joint pulmonology and rheumatology clinic that initiated treatment with antifibrotic drugs between 01/01/2019 and 01/12/2021...

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is associated with periportal infiltration by plasma cells. Plasma cell detection is routinely performed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The present study aimed to assess the utility of CD138, an immunohistochemical plasma cell marker, in the evaluation of AIH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, in which cases consistent with AIH, within the time frame of 2001 and 2011, were collected...

INTRODUCTION: Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies are markers for several systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD). OBJECTIVE: To assess whether anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies are related to abnormalities in inflammatory circuits. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of consecutive outpatients with SARD. Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies and serum amyloid A protein were measured by ELISA; panels for 18 cytokines and nine chemokines were analyzed on a Luminex reading platform, while high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and complement were measured by nephelometry...