Saltanat Bektyrganova, Doskhan Kozhakhmet, Alexey Kim, Abay Baigenzhin, Galymzhan Togizbayev, Ainur Doszhan, Natalya Krivoruchkо, Alexey Pak, Manana Peradze, Timur Sarsengaliyev
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disorder primarily affecting joints but not limited to the joints alone. Extra-articular manifestations involve skin, ocular, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cardiac, renal, neurological, and hematological systems. Among them, skin manifestations (20%) are most common, presenting as nodules on the extensor surfaces of the upper and lower extremities. In rare cases these nodules can also be detected within the heart and lungs. Interestingly, rheumatoid nodules are often seen in patients on leflunomide, methotrexate, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonists...
October 2, 2023: International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases