Nonhodgkin lymphoma

Asparaginase, an enzyme used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia and related forms of nonHodgkin lymphoma, depletes asparagine, which leads to lymphoblast cell death. Unlike most chemotherapeutic agents, asparaginase is a foreign protein that can result in clinical allergy and/or silent hypersensitivity with production of neutralizing antibodies that inactivate asparaginase. In North America, asparaginase activity levels can now be obtained via a commercially available assay, for therapeutic drug monitoring and investigation of potential allergic reactions...

A young male patient had been evaluated for pleural effusion at another center wherein on the basis of exudative, lymphocyte predominant pleural effusion with high pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels and tuberculin skin test (TST) reactivity, antituberculous medications had been administered. Reevaluation in view of worsening symptoms led to confirmation of the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma with pleuro-peritoneal lymphomatosis and tonsillar involvement. This case highlights the fact that elevated ADA levels should not be taken as surrogate for a diagnosis of TB in the absence of histopathological/microbiological confirmation even in countries with high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence...

BACKGROUND: Plasma monitoring of Methotrexate (MTX) levels is a standard approach to predict MTX-related toxicities in a high-dose (HD) MTX monotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, it is uncertain whether plasma MTX levels can predict MTX-related toxicity in the HDMTX plus additional chemotherapy for childhood B-cell nonHodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). PROCEDURES: To statistically analyze the relationship between MTX pharmacokinetic parameters and MTX-related toxicities, we collected data from patients with delayed MTX elimination (≥1 µM at 48 hr and/or ≥0...

OBJECTIVE: PMBCL is a distinct type of nonhodgkins lymphoma with specific clinicopathological features. To clarify clinical features, treatment alternatives and outcomes, we evaluated 28 Arab patients treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy between 2006 and 2011. PATIENTS AND METHODS: PMBCL lymphoma patients identified according to WHO classification and treated at KCCC between 2006 and 2011 were included in this study. Demographic and clinical data are presented as means or medians...

Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is the fastest growing malignancy of the lymphoreticular system to affect humans and has a potential ability to double in size every day. A case of maxillary sporadic BL (sBL) associated with neuro-orbital involvement in an Indian male is presented. sBL initially presented as maxillary swelling with no obvious dental and periodontal changes. Histological specimen from incisional biopsy revealed a round cell malignant tumor and immunohistochemistry reactions favored nonHodgkin's lymphoma consistent with BL...

The gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site involved with lymphoma accounting for 5-20% of all cases. Lymphoma can occur at any site of the body, but diffuse and extensive involvement of the peritoneal cavity is unusual and rare. We report a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a 57-year-old female infiltrating the peritoneum and omentum and presenting with ascites and pleural effusion. The performed examinations did not discover any pathological findings affecting the digestive tract or parenchymal organs, except for diffuse thickening of the peritoneum and omentum...

BACKGROUND: Mediastinal tumors are an uncommon abnormalities found in clinical practice. Anterior mediastinum is the common site and tissue diagnoses of anterior mediastinal masses (AMMs) are very important for correct therapeutic decision. OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the different malignant AMMs in various age groups and the sensitivity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy (CNB). Cytology smears are reviewed with particular emphasis on pitfalls in the cytological diagnosis...

CONTEXT: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement with KS commonly occurs in association with cutaneous lesions or lymph node involvement, with GI tract involvement alone occurring in only 3.5% of cases. There are several case reports described in the literature about asymptomatic intestinal KS with skin manifestations. Although GI KS is usually asymptomatic, hemorrhages from the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, and large bowel have been reported in this disease...

Small intestinal dysplastic lesions are rare and difficult to detect before they progress to cancer. New investigative modalities, such as capsule endoscopy and doubleballoon enteroscopy, are very promising in search for premalignant lesions. Screening patients at high-risk for small bowel neoplasia is the only sensible approach. Duodenal adenoma represents the most easily accessible tumors with the possibility of curative endoscopic resection. Due to the strong association of the small bowel and colonic adenomas, it is always necessary to perform colonoscopy...

BACKGROUND: Geographic pathology is an accepted basis for unravelling trends of disease patterns. Proper documentation at the initial stage assists in establishing a foundation data. The authors are not aware of a documented pattern of malignant neoplasm in Ekiti State. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to update the available literature on malignant neoplasms and compare our findings with previous work done by other investigators. METHODS: The estimates are based on a systematic retrospective survey of cancer cases identified in the Pathology Laboratories of Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti and University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti for the period; January 2002 to December 2009...

This review describes the adaptation of the plant virus-based transient expression system, magnICON(®) for the at-scale manufacturing of pharmaceutical proteins. The system utilizes so-called "deconstructed" viral vectors that rely on Agrobacterium-mediated systemic delivery into the plant cells for recombinant protein production. The system is also suitable for production of hetero-oligomeric proteins like immunoglobulins. By taking advantage of well established R&D tools for optimizing the expression of protein of interest using this system, product concepts can reach the manufacturing stage in highly competitive time periods...

The objective of this study is to describe the most recent geographical patterns of incidence of AIDS-related cancers, Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), nonHodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and cervical cancer in North African and subSaharan African populations. Data were extracted for the period 1998-2002 from five African population-based cancer registries: Kyadondo, Harare, Setif, Sousse, and Gharbiah. Age-standardized rates were calculated using the African standard population; a comparison was made between these populations by computing the standardized incidence ratio and 95% confidence intervals...

A 46-year-male smoker presented with cough and fever to a chest physician, who on the basis of chest X-ray started him on antitubercular treatment. However, further evaluation suggested that the patient was suffering from a rare disease, i.e. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma of lung. Although lung involvement in cases of lymphoma is observed in as high as 40% of cases, in autopsy series, the exact clinical incidence is not known. One of the largest lymphoma groups reported it to be around 25%. However, primary pulmonary lymphomas have been extremely rare (0...

PURPOSE: An increasing incidence and improved prognosis of kidney cancer have led to concern about second primary malignancies. The study of multiple primary malignancies is also important since the association of certain malignancies may guide the search for germline alterations and environmental risk factors. We evaluated bidirectional associations between renal cell carcinoma and other primary cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 8,030 patients with renal cell carcinoma based on the Swedish Family-Cancer Database...

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the most common types of nonHodgkin lymphoma in the U.S. Diagnosis of FL is based on tissue biopsy that shows characteristic morphologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings. Our group's work focuses on the development of computer-aided image-analysis techniques to improve the FL grading. Since centroblast enumeration needs to be performed in malignant follicles, the development of an automated system to accurately identify follicles on digital images of lymphoid tissue is an important step...

OBJECTIVES: Malignant lymphomas of larynx and trachea are rare tumors and require special diagnostic and therapeutic attention. The authors present an unexpected case of nonHodgkin Lymphoma localized in the subglottic larynx and upper cervical trachea. The clinical presentation, diagnostic and therapeutic approach, evolution and prognosis are discussed. METHOD: We report a case of 25-year-old male patient, with progressive dyspnea, presented in our ENT Department with severe airway obstruction caused by a large subglottic tumoral mass migrated in the glottic space during an accidental fall...

Cord compression was noted in 26 patients with extradural malignant lymphoma. There were 19 cases of nonHodgkin's lymphoma and seven cases of Hodgkin's disease. Eighteen cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had intermediate or high grade malignancy types according to the Working Formulation Lymphoma Classification. These patients represented 28% of all extradural malignant tumours seen at the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) and 2.5% of all patients with malignant lymphoma, during an 11 year period. The patients were classified in three presenting groups: Group A, six patients with primary extranodal extradural lymphoma; Group B, nine patients with both extradural lymphoma and disseminated disease at initial presentation; and Group C, 11 patients who developed extradural lymphoma during the course of established disease...

PURPOSE: To investigate metabolic behavior of aggressive peripheral T-cell (PTC) lymphoma compared with other aggressive T-cell (OTC) nonHodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and the various grades (1, 2, 3) of follicular B-cell (FC) NHL as a reference cell type for indolent to aggressive behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pretreatment 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F] fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scans of 33 patients with pathologic diagnosis of aggressive T-cell NHL and FC (FC1 = 6, FC2 = 8, FC3 = 9, PTC = 6, OTC = 4) were analyzed...

OBJECTIVE: To screen commonly used prescription drugs for possible carcinogenic effects. METHODS: In a large health care program we identified 105 commonly used drugs, not previously screened. Recipients were followed for up to 12½ years for incident cancer. Nested case-control analyses of 55 cancer sites and all combined included up to ten matched controls per case, with lag of at least 2 years between drug dispensing and cancer. Positive associations entailed a relative risk of 1...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression of glucose transporters (Gluts) 1 and 3 in Hodgkin and nonHodgkin lymphoma and to assess the association between their expression and the tumor intensity on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS: All 31 lymphoma patients in whom the histologic diagnosis was made and who had also undergone a prechemotherapy PET scan at our institution between June 2001 and December 2005 were included in this retrospective study...