Gentamycin

BACKGROUND: Pasteurella species are frequently encountered as serious diseases in small ruminants. It is the main cause of respiratory pasteurellosis in sheep and goats of all age groups. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 in Haramaya district, eastern Ethiopia, to isolate and identify Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica and estimate their prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial sensitivity of isolates in small ruminants using a purposive sampling method...

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, including gentamicin (GM), induce delayed ototoxic effects such as hearing loss after prolonged use, which results from the death of hair cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides warrant further investigation, and there are currently no effective drugs in the clinical setting. Herein, the therapeutic effect of the flavonoid compound rutin against the ototoxic effects of GM in zebrafish hair cells was investigated. Animals incubated with rutin (100-400 µmol/L) were protected against the pernicious effects of GM (200 µmol/L)...

Background: Tularemia is one of the most prevalent zoonoses across the world. Patients in Turkiye mostly contract the oropharyngeal form, acquired through drinking, or contact with microorganism-contaminated water. Methods: Patients with oropharyngeal tularemia aged under 18 years and diagnosed between January 01, 2017, and December 31, 2020, were evaluated retrospectively. Tularemia was diagnosed in patients with compatible histories, symptoms, clinical presentations, and laboratory test results. Results: The mean age of 38 children was 12...

BACKGROUND: Clostridium perfringens (CP) is an emerging anaerobic pathogen that can aggravate severe fatal infections in different hosts and livestock. AIM: This paper was designed to monitor the antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera ( M. oleifera ) plant against different CP isolates of variant toxin genotypes comparing that with commercial antibiotics in the veterinary field. METHODS: A total of 200 examined fecal, intestinal, and liver samples from cattle, sheep, and goats were investigated bacteriologically and biochemically for CP ...

BACKGROUND: Bacterial Omphalitis has been reported as a significant cause of mortalities in newly hatched broiler chicks. AIM: This study aimed to assess the occurrence of omphalitis among broiler chickens in Gharbia governorate in Egypt. In addition, the bacteria associated with the occurrence of omphalitis in broiler chickens were also investigated and characterized. METHODS: For this purpose, 43 farms in that area were surveyed. The comparative levels of omphalitis caused by Escherichia coli ( E...

We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Peritoneal fluid, obtained during exploratory laparoscopy, yielded Mycoplasma hominis as the sole pathogen. The patient's symptoms and signs improved after 24-hour treatment with intravenous clindamycin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Complete resolution was achieved with oral doxycycline for 14 days.

The integrity of the protective mucus layer as a primary defense against pathogen invasion and microbial leakage into the intestinal epithelium can be compromised by the effects of antibiotics on the commensal microbiome. Changes in mucus integrity directly affect the solvent viscosity in the immediate vicinity of the mucin network, i.e., the nanoviscosity, which in turn affects both biochemical reactions and selective transport. To assess mucus nanoviscosity, a reliable readout via the viscosity-dependent fluorescence lifetime of the molecular rotor dye Cy3 is established and nanoviscosities from porcine and murine ex vivo mucus are determined...

AIM: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive condition with unknown aetiology that causes the lung parenchyma to scar incessantly, lowering the quality of life and hastening death. In this investigation, we studied the anti-fibrotic activity of Geneticin (a derivative of gentamycin) using in vitro and in vivo models. MAIN METHODS: The TGF-β-mediated differentiation model was adopted to investigate (fibrotic marker's levels/expression) the anti-fibrotic activity of geneticin (GNC) in in-vitro scenarios (Ll29 and DHLF cells)...

AIMS: This study investigated phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio strains identified from Mytilus galloprovincialis farmed for human consumption in the Adriatic Sea Central Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 475 mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were involved in the present study, and culture-dependent microbiological methods permitted to identify a total of 50 Vibrio strains that were tested for antibiotic susceptibility followed by the genetic determinant detections...

Brucellosis remains an endemic zoonosis in the Middle East, particularly in Lebanon, owing to the high consumption of raw meat and unpasteurized cheese. In this report, we present the case of a twenty-one-year-old girl who was diagnosed with brucellosis during the investigation of persistent fever and night sweats that was confirmed by an elevated Brucella agglutination titer at 1/160 for Brucella melitensis species, and an indirect Coombs at 1/1280. Unfortunately, owing to non-adherence to the antibiotic regimen prescribed, her condition progressed, resulting in piriformis myositis with sacroiliitis, an unusual complication of brucellosis...

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli (E. coli) serves as a common indicator of gut microbiota and is utilized for monitoring antimicrobial resistance determinants in food-producing animals. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns in virulence gene-positive E. coli isolates obtained from 340 healthy and diarrheic calves. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 340 fecal swab samples were obtained from diarrheic (n = 170) and healthy (n = 170) calves for 12 months from different farms in Kerman, Iran...

BACKGROUND: Bacteria of the genus Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus are motile, Gram-negative bacteria that live in symbiosis with entomopathogenic nematodes. Due to their complex life cycle, they produce a large number of specialized metabolites (natural products) encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC). Genetic tools for Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus have been rare and applicable to only a few strains. In the past, several tools have been developed for the activation of BGCs and the deletion of individual genes...

Although chronic osteomyelitis (COM) affecting the extremities is a frequently occurring disease, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from COM is rare. Consequently, understanding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of such a disorder remains limited. In the present study, a case of COM-associated SCC was demonstrated. A 65-year-old woman arrived to the Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital (Guangzhou, China) with multiple sinus tracts and skin ulcers in the distal part of her left thigh, persisting for over 50 years following an open pierce injury by an ox horn...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen responsible for causing various human and animal infections and is well known for its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureu s (MRSA) in bulk milk and dairy farms in northwestern Ethiopia and to determine their phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. METHODS: We collected 50 bulk milk samples from 50 dairy farms and 50 hand swabs from dairy milkers...

Pseudomonas keratitis is an aggressive form of bacterial keratitis that can have devastating consequences, such as corneal perforation, if not promptly identified and appropriately managed. The aim of this case report is to highlight key clinical features of Pseudomonas keratitis and evaluate the initial and long-term management options for this condition. We report a case of a 32-year-old female who presented with a large corneal abscess and hypopyon following contact lens wear. Corneal cultures confirmed Pseudomonas as the causative organism and she was treated with topical levofloxacin and gentamycin...

A new Schiff base, 1-(E)-(4-((E) 4nitrobenzylidene) amino) phenyl)imino) methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (4NMN), was prepared from the reaction of p -phenylenediamine with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and characterized with spectroscopic analysis. UV-VIS and NMR. Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, and chemical reactivity descriptors of the synthesized compound were studied using molecular modeling methods. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Schiff base were studied for its minimum inhibitory concentration...

BACKGROUND: Newborns are particularly susceptible to infection in hospitals, with neonatal sepsis being the most common infection symptom and the third leading cause of neonatal death. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative bacterium of Enterobacteriaceae, which is a common pathogen of neonatal septicemia. In this study, we will analyze and evaluate the current status, clinical characteristics, and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), with the aim of providing effective basis for timely and accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to to compare the antimicrobial resistance rate and its relationship with the antibiotic consumption in two separate Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of the same hospital, one with and other without selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD). METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in the two ICUs of the Araba University Hospital. Trauma and neurosurgical patients are admitted to the SDD-ICU, and general digestive surgery patients go to the no SDD-ICU...

This is the case of a 31-year-old man with no significant past medical history who presented to the emergency department experiencing persistent fevers, chills, and malaise for the past 2-3 weeks. During this period, he had multiple urgent care visits for possible left-sided otitis media which was treated with short a course of Augmentin. While on antibiotics his symptoms would improve, but they would reappear once he had finished treatment. The patient also had significant dental carries with a chronic right molar infection...

BACKGROUND: Burns are one of the most common forms of trauma globally. P. aeruginosa plays a prominent role as an etiological agent among burn patients. There is a paucity of information about the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was designed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial-resistant patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia...