Physis

Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHCs) combining merits of battery-type and capacitive electrodes are considered to be a prospective candidate in energy storage systems. Tailor-made carbon cathodes with high zincophilicity and abundant physi/chemisorption sites are critical but it remains a great challenge to achieve both features by a sustainable means. Herein, a hydrogen-bonding interaction-guided self-assembly strategy is presented to prepare iodine-doped carbon nanocages without templates for boosting zinc-ion storage by nucleophilicity...

Fractures and dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) are uncommon, accounting for <5% of all shoulder girdle injuries. They are relatively more common in the pediatric population than in the adult population and can often present concurrently as a posteriorly displaced medial clavicular dislocation with a fracture through the unfused physis. It is especially important to recognize this injury, because its management and potential sequelae are very different from those for fractures of the clavicle shaft...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in skeletally immature patients are increasingly common. Evidence comparing the outcomes of all-epiphyseal versus trans-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients is limited, and the current literature could benefit from a comprehensive systematic review. The present study compared all-epiphyseal versus trans-epiphyseal ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients. The outcomes of interest were to compare joint laxity, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), return to sport, and complications...

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of salts existing in the liquid state below 100 °C, possessing low volatility, high thermal stability as well as many highly attractive solvent and electrochemical capabilities, etc. , making them highly tunable for a great variety of applications, such as lubricants, electrolytes, and soft functional materials. In many applications, ILs are first either physi- or chemisorbed on a solid surface to successively create more functional materials. The functions of ILs at solid surfaces can differ considerably from those of bulk ILs, mainly due to distinct interfacial layers with tunable structures resulting in new ionic liquid interface layer properties and enhanced performance...

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We have encountered consecutive children/adolescents with a volar Barton fracture (VBF) pattern without involving the physis. These were managed by buttress plating; thus, we would like to report the radiological and clinical outcomes through retrospective case series and suggest the revisiting of the 'VBF category' in this population. We screened children/adolescents with a diagnosis of trauma to the bony structures in the wrist from 2008 to 2019. Of these patients, 16 who met our inclusion/exclusion criteria were investigated...

Diffusion tensor imaging of physis and metaphysis can be used as a biomarker to predict height change in the pediatric population. Current application of this technique requires manual segmentation of the physis which is time-consuming and introduces interobserver variability. UNET Transformers (UNETR) can be used for automatic segmentation to optimize workflow. Three hundred and eighty-five DTI scans from 191 subjects with mean age of 12.6 years ± 2.01 years were retrospectively used for training and validation...

Rapid somatic growth and biological maturity status may affect injury patterns in youth football, yet firm conclusions cannot be drawn from the existing research. We aimed to explore growth velocity, maturity, and age as injury risk factors in 95 academy players (11.9-15.0 years), using anthropometric (height and body mass), maturity (skeletal age), injury, and football exposure data collected prospectively over three seasons (2016/17-2018/19). We compared the relative quality of mixed-effects logistic regression models with growth velocity for 223 growth intervals (average 113 days) included as fixed effects and adjusted for age (chronological or skeletal) plus load (hours/week)...

BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic pinning of the contralateral hip in unilateral SCFE is well established in patients with risk factors for developing contralateral slip. The effect of prophylactic pinning on the growth and morphology of the hip is not well documented in the literature. We aimed to study the effect of prophylactic pinning on the residual growth and morphology of the proximal femur. MATERIALS & METHODS: The institutional database was searched for all unilateral SCFE cases for the period 2011 to 2020...

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee is a potentially disabling condition in adolescent and young adults, which is likely multifactorial in origin. In recent years, there have been notable improvements in identification and treatment. Clinical presentation varies based mostly on OCD lesion stability. Patients with stable lesions generally present with vague knee pain and altered gait while mechanical symptoms and effusion are more common with unstable lesions. Lesions most commonly occur on the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle in patients aged 10 to 20 years...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FFCD) is a rare disease of the ulna that requires early surgical intervention. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a juvenile case and the outcomes of a corrected deformity. The fibrotic band that adhered to the ulna was resected, the ulna was osteotomized, and then an external fixator was placed for lengthening. The ulna's distal physis line was extended by 18 mm so that it would be the same length as the distal physis line of the radius...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to describe proximal femoral deformity after contralateral hip prophylactic fixation of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in patients and the association of relative skeletal immaturity with this deformity. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients presenting with a SCFE was conducted from 2009 to 2015. Inclusion criteria were (1) radiographic evidence of a unilateral SCFE treated with in situ fixation, (2) contralateral prophylactic fixation of an unslipped hip, and (3) at least 3 years of follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the proximal humerus in children who undergo bone tumor resection is challenging because of patients' small bone size and possible limb length discrepancy at the end of skeletal growth due to loss of the physis. There are several options for proximal humerus reconstruction in children, such as clavicula pro humero, free vascularized fibula grafting, massive bone osteoarticular allografting, endoprostheses, and allograft-prosthesis composites, but no consensus exists on the best method for reconstruction...

PURPOSE: The present study evaluated the outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in children with open physes. The outcomes of interest were to compare the increase in joint laxity and PROMs from baseline to the last follow-up, the rate and features of the return to sport and the rate of complications. METHODS: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. In October 2023, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Embase...

This case report described th e surgical- orthodontic interdisciplinar y t reatment of a patie nt with skeletal anterior open bite, class III skelet al pa ttern, steep mandibular plane, increa sed lower face heigh t, and thin mandibular sym physis. The or thodontic p reparation included an unusual extraction pattern (maxillary right first molar, maxillary left second premolar, and mandibular right central incisor), combined with two-jaw surger y comprised of maxillar y advancement and d ifferential impac tion, b ilateral malarplasty augme ntation and man dib ula r asymmetric bilateral sagittal split osteotomy setback...

Fibular hemimelia is a complex longitudinal malformation of the lower extremity with partial or complete deficiency of the fibula resulting in dorso-fibular dislocation of the hindfoot. Typically associated are talocalcaneal coalition, absence of rays of the foot, diaphyseal tibial deformity of valgus-procurvatum type and longitudinal growth deficiency. We have addressed the deformity of the distal tibial epiphysis surgically by a metaphyseal osteotomy to bend through the physis inspired by the Pemberton's acetabular osteotomy in 7 to 21-month-old children...

We retrospectively studied the effect of certain characteristics of the insertion technique and the construct of tension band plates on its angular correction rates. The study included 68 physes in 28 children. The following preoperative radiological parameters were measured: interscrew angle; the length of the epiphyseal screw, its distance and angle (screw trajectory angle) with respect to the physis. Additionally, changes in the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle and medial proximal tibial angle were calculated from the follow-up radiographs...

Youth soccer (football) is immensely popular internationally. Earlier participation, sport sub-specialization, and year-around practice have led to an increased incidence of injury from both acute trauma and repetitive overuse. The growth plates (physes) of the immature skeleton are particularly vulnerable to injury and delayed diagnosis can lead to future growth disturbance and long-term morbidity. Familiarity with the various components of the growth plate complex necessary for ensuring normal endochondral ossification is fundamental in understanding the various patterns of imaging findings following injury...

A 15-year-old boy presented to an outpatient sports medicine clinic with mysterious wrist pain for three months. Imaging diagnosed this mysterious wrist pain as a Madelung deformity, a rare condition characterized primarily by the early cessation of growth in the volar-ulnar distal physis of the radius. Patients may present with restricted wrist range of motion, pain, and ulnar tenderness, but they may also be asymptomatic. Traditionally, treatment is surgical, but this case was managed with conservative measures primarily, with improvements in both function and outcomes...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare biomechanical stability of Kirschner wires (K-wires) sent with antegrade and retrograde technique in the fixation of pediatric supracondylar femur fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A transverse fracture model was created two centimeters above the physis in 24 synthetic bone models suitable for the pediatric femur bone structure. The models were randomly divided into two groups as 12 bones each. In the first group (Group 1), 12 bone fracture models were retrogradely fixed with two cross K-wires...