keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948585/emotions-and-courtship-help-bonded-pairs-cooperate-but-emotional-agents-are-vulnerable-to-deceit
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzanne Sadedin, Edgar A Duéñez-Guzmán, Joel Z Leibo
Coordinated pair bonds are common in birds and also occur in many other taxa. How do animals solve the social dilemmas they face in coordinating with a partner? We developed an evolutionary model to explore this question, based on observations that a) neuroendocrine feedback provides emotional bookkeeping which is thought to play a key role in vertebrate social bonds and b) these bonds are developed and maintained via courtship interactions that include low-stakes social dilemmas. Using agent-based simulation, we found that emotional bookkeeping and courtship sustained cooperation in the iterated prisoner's dilemma in noisy environments, especially when combined...
November 14, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37920671/facilitating-cooperation-in-human-agent-hybrid-populations-through-autonomous-agents
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Guo, Chen Shen, Shuyue Hu, Junliang Xing, Pin Tao, Yuanchun Shi, Zhen Wang
Cooperative AI has shown its effectiveness in solving the conundrum of cooperation. Understanding how cooperation emerges in human-agent hybrid populations is a topic of significant interest, particularly in the realm of evolutionary game theory. In this article, we scrutinize how cooperative and defective Autonomous Agents (AAs) influence human cooperation in social dilemma games with a one-shot setting. Focusing on well-mixed populations, we find that cooperative AAs have a limited impact in the prisoner's dilemma games but facilitate cooperation in the stag hunt games...
November 17, 2023: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37920049/nash-equilibrium-realization-of-population-games-based-on-social-learning-processes
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiyan Xing, Yanlong Yang, Zuopeng Hu
In the two-population game model, we assume the players have certain imitative learning abilities. To simulate the learning process of the game players, we propose a new swarm intelligence algorithm by combining the particle swarm optimization algorithm, where each player can be considered a particle. We conduct simulations for three typical games: the prisoner's dilemma game (with only one pure-strategy Nash equilibrium), the coin-flip game (with only one fully-mixed Nash equilibrium), and the coordination game (with two pure-strategy Nash equilibria and one fully-mixed Nash equilibrium)...
September 4, 2023: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering: MBE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37806210/action-planning-and-execution-cues-influence-economic-partner-choice
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luke McEllin, Susann Fiedler, Natalie Sebanz
Prudently choosing who to interact with and who to avoid is an important ability to ensure. that we benefit from a cooperative interaction. While the role of others' preferences, attributes, and values in partner choice have been established (Rossetti, Hilbe, & Hauser, 2022), much less is known about whether the manner in which a potential partner plans and implements a decision provides helpful cues for partner choice. We used a partner choice paradigm in which participants chose who to interact with in the Prisoners' Dilemma...
October 6, 2023: Cognition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37802182/vacancies-in-growing-habitats-promote-the-evolution-of-cooperation
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye Jin Park, Christian Hilbe, Martin A Nowak, Beom Jun Kim, Hyeong-Chai Jeong
We study evolutionary game dynamics in a growing habitat with vacancies. Fitness is determined by the global effect of the environment and a local prisoner's dilemma among neighbors. We study population growth in one-dimensional lattice and analyze how the environment affects evolutionary competition. As the environment becomes harsh, an absorbing phase transition from growing populations to extinction occurs. The transition point depends on which strategies are present in the population. In particular, we find a 'cooperative window' in parameter space, where only cooperators can survive...
October 4, 2023: Journal of Theoretical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37798314/game-theoretical-description-of-the-go-or-grow-dichotomy-in-tumor-development-for-various-settings-and-parameter-constellations
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shalu Dwivedi, Christina Glock, Sebastian Germerodt, Heiko Stark, Stefan Schuster
A medically important feature of several types of tumors is their ability to "decide" between staying at a primary site in the body or leaving it and forming metastases. The present theoretical study aims to provide a better understanding of the ultimate reasons for this so-called "go-or-grow" dichotomy. To that end, we use game theory, which has proven to be useful in analyzing the competition between tumors and healthy tissues or among different tumor cells. We begin by determining the game types in the Basanta-Hatzikirou-Deutsch model, depending on the parameter values...
October 5, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756610/asymmetry-of-individual-activity-promotes-cooperation-in-the-spatial-prisoner-s-dilemma-game
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Gao, Kexin Tao, Chunjiang Mu, Chen Chu, Hao Li
We consider an aspiration-based asymmetric individual activity co-evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game model on the square lattice. In detail, each player has an individual weight that evolves with its strategy. We introduce an asymmetric setting that only μ fractions of players in the network chosen to be active can update their individual weights according to whether their payoffs satisfy their aspirations. Therefore, our individual weights can be regarded as a type of intrinsic motivation satisfaction...
September 1, 2023: Chaos
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37744968/facial-regulation-during-dyadic-interaction-interpersonal-effects-on-cooperation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danielle Shore, Olly Robertson, Ginette Lafit, Brian Parkinson
UNLABELLED: This study investigated interpersonal effects of regulating naturalistic facial signals on cooperation during an iterative Prisoner's Dilemma (IPD) game. Fifty pairs of participants played ten IPD rounds across a video link then reported on their own and their partner's expressed emotion and facial regulation in a video-cued recall (VCR) procedure. iMotions software allowed us to auto-code actors' and partners' facial activity following the outcome of each round. We used two-level mixed effects logistic regression to assess over-time actor and partner effects of auto-coded facial activity, self-reported facial regulation, and perceptions of the partner's facial regulation on the actor's subsequent cooperation...
September 2023: Affective science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37722674/switching-global-correlations-on-and-off-in-a-many-body-quantum-state-by-tuning-local-entanglement
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Colin Benjamin, Aditya Dash
A quantum many-body state built on a classical 1D Ising model with locally entangled qubits is considered. This setup can model an infinite player quantum Prisoner's dilemma game with each site representing two entangled players (or qubits). The local entanglement γ between two qubits placed on a site in the 1D Ising model and classical coupling between adjacent sites of the Ising model have an apposite influence on qubits. It points to a counter-intuitive situation wherein local entanglement at a site can exactly cancel global correlations, signaling an artificial quantum many-body state wherein, by locally tuning the entanglement at a particular site, one can transition from a strongly correlated quantum state to an uncorrelated quantum state and then to a correlated classical state...
September 1, 2023: Chaos
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716407/age-structure-replicator-equation-and-the-prisoner-s-dilemma
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sona John, Johannes Müller
We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of an age-structured population subject to weak frequency-dependent selection. It turns out that the weak selection is affected in a non-trivial way by the life-history trait. We disentangle the dynamics, based on the appearance of different time scales. These time scales, which seem to form a universal structure in the interplay of weak selection and life-history traits, allow us to reduce the infinite dimensional model to a one-dimensional modified replicator equation...
September 14, 2023: Mathematical Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37674753/unravelling-the-relation-between-altruistic-cooperativeness-trait-smiles-and-cooperation-a-mediation-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoqi Deng, Sarinasadat Hosseini, Yoshihiro Miyake, Takayuki Nozawa
INTRODUCTION: Human cooperativeness is an important personality trait. However, the mechanism through which people cooperate remains unclear. Previous research suggests that one of the proposed functions of smiling is to advertise altruistic dispositions, leading to successful cooperation. In particular, studies have reported that Duchenne smiles are honest signals of cooperative intent because they are not easy to produce voluntarily. This study aimed to examine the predictive relationships among altruistic cooperativeness traits, Duchenne smiles, and cooperative behavior...
2023: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37673945/communicating-emotions-but-not-expressing-them-privately-reduces-moral-punishment-in-a-prisoner-s-dilemma-game
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Philippsen, Laura Mieth, Axel Buchner, Raoul Bell
The existence of moral punishment, that is, the fact that cooperative people sacrifice resources to punish defecting partners requires an explanation. Potential explanations are that people punish defecting partners to privately express or to communicate their negative emotions in response to the experienced unfairness. If so, then providing participants with alternative ways to privately express or to communicate their emotions should reduce moral punishment. In two experiments, participants interacted with cooperating and defecting partners in a Prisoner's Dilemma game...
September 6, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37653103/time-delays-shape-the-eco-evolutionary-dynamics-of-cooperation
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sourav Roy, Sayantan Nag Chowdhury, Srilena Kundu, Gourab Kumar Sar, Jeet Banerjee, Biswambhar Rakshit, Prakash Chandra Mali, Matjaž Perc, Dibakar Ghosh
We study the intricate interplay between ecological and evolutionary processes through the lens of the prisoner's dilemma game. But while previous studies on cooperation amongst selfish individuals often assume instantaneous interactions, we take into consideration delays to investigate how these might affect the causes underlying prosocial behavior. Through analytical calculations and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that delays can lead to oscillations, and by incorporating also the ecological variable of altruistic free space and the evolutionary strategy of punishment, we explore how these factors impact population and community dynamics...
August 31, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37628252/joint-probabilities-approach-to-quantum-games-with-noise
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexis R Legón, Ernesto Medina
A joint probability formalism for quantum games with noise is proposed, inspired by the formalism of non-factorizable probabilities that connects the joint probabilities to quantum games with noise. Using this connection, we show that the joint probabilities are non-factorizable; thus, noise does not generically destroy entanglement. This formalism was applied to the Prisoner's Dilemma, the Chicken Game, and the Battle of the Sexes, where noise is coupled through a single parameter μ. We find that for all the games except for the Battle of the Sexes, the Nash inequalities are maintained up to a threshold value of the noise...
August 16, 2023: Entropy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37520710/humans-perceive-warmth-and-competence-in-artificial-intelligence
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin R McKee, Xuechunzi Bai, Susan T Fiske
Artificial intelligence (A.I.) increasingly suffuses everyday life. However, people are frequently reluctant to interact with A.I. systems. This challenges both the deployment of beneficial A.I. technology and the development of deep learning systems that depend on humans for oversight, direction, and regulation. Nine studies ( N  = 3,300) demonstrate that social-cognitive processes guide human interactions across a diverse range of real-world A.I. systems. Across studies, perceived warmth and competence emerge prominently in participants' impressions of A...
August 18, 2023: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37464799/small-bots-big-impact-solving-the-conundrum-of-cooperation-in-optional-prisoner-s-dilemma-game-through-simple-strategies
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gopal Sharma, Hao Guo, Chen Shen, Jun Tanimoto
Cooperation plays a crucial role in both nature and human society, and the conundrum of cooperation attracts the attention from interdisciplinary research. In this study, we investigated the evolution of cooperation in optional Prisoner's Dilemma games by introducing simple bots. We focused on one-shot and anonymous games, where the bots could be programmed to always cooperate, always defect, never participate or choose each action with equal probability. Our results show that cooperative bots facilitate the emergence of cooperation among ordinary players in both well-mixed populations and a regular lattice under weak imitation scenarios...
July 2023: Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37464552/prisoner-s-dilemma-and-the-free-operant-john-nash-i-d-like-you-to-meet-fred-skinner
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John V Keller
In separate chambers, responding by two pairs of pigeons was reinforced under concurrent random-ratio schedules of reinforcement. For each pair, the birds' schedules were coupled in such a manner that left- and right-key reinforcement probabilities were determined by the key being pecked by the other pigeon of the pair. In this way, a reinforcement matrix, like that of the popular Prisoner's Dilemma game of game theory, was created. The responding of all subjects soon gravitated to the choice combination identified by the mathematician John Nash as the equilibrium of the Prisoner's Dilemma game...
July 18, 2023: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37408162/cooperation-driven-by-alike-interactions-in-presence-of-social-viscosity
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soumen Majhi
Cooperation observed in nearly all living systems, ranging from human and animal societies down to the scale of bacteria populations, is an astounding process through which individuals act together for mutual benefits. Despite being omnipresent, the mechanism behind the emergence and existence of cooperation in populations of selfish individuals has been a puzzle and exceedingly crucial to investigate. A number of mechanisms have been put forward to explain the stability of cooperation in the last years. In this work, we explore the evolution of cooperation for alike (assortative) interactions in populations subject to social viscosity in terms of zealous individuals...
July 1, 2023: Chaos
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37384811/adaptive-dynamics-of-memory-one-strategies-in-the-repeated-donation-game
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip LaPorte, Christian Hilbe, Martin A Nowak
Human interactions can take the form of social dilemmas: collectively, people fare best if all cooperate but each individual is tempted to free ride. Social dilemmas can be resolved when individuals interact repeatedly. Repetition allows them to adopt reciprocal strategies which incentivize cooperation. The most basic model for direct reciprocity is the repeated donation game, a variant of the prisoner's dilemma. Two players interact over many rounds; in each round they decide whether to cooperate or to defect...
June 29, 2023: PLoS Computational Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37361929/does-spending-more-always-ensure-higher-cooperation-an-analysis-of-institutional-incentives-on-heterogeneous-networks
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theodor Cimpeanu, Francisco C Santos, The Anh Han
Humans have developed considerable machinery used at scale to create policies and to distribute incentives, yet we are forever seeking ways in which to improve upon these, our institutions. Especially when funding is limited, it is imperative to optimise spending without sacrificing positive outcomes, a challenge which has often been approached within several areas of social, life and engineering sciences. These studies often neglect the availability of information, cost restraints or the underlying complex network structures, which define real-world populations...
April 4, 2023: Dynamic Games and Applications
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