keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515187/hypermethylation-of-the-glutathione-peroxidase-4-gene-promoter-is-associated-with-the-occurrence-of-immune-tolerance-phase-in-chronic-hepatitis-b
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Su, Zhaohui Wang, Jihui Li, Shuai Gao, Yuchen Fan, Kai Wang
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health problem that seriously threatens human health. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) in the occurrence and development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: A total of 169 participants including 137 patients with CHB and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We detected the expression of GPX4 and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)...
March 21, 2024: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514014/myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells-promote-allograft-survival-by-suppressing-treg-dysfunction-in-high-risk-corneal-transplantation
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seokjoo Lee, Tomas Blanco, Aytan Musayeva, Shima Dehghani Ahmadabad, Akitomo Narimatsu, Katayoon Forouzanfar, Gustavo Ortiz, Francesca Kahale, Shudan Wang, Yihe Chen, Thomas H Dohlman, Sunil K Chauhan, Reza Dana
Highly inflamed and neovascularized corneal graft beds are known as high-risk environments for transplant survival. One of the primary factors leading to this rejection is reduction in the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Treg). Our results show that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) counteract IL-6-mediated Treg dysfunction by expressing IL-10. Additionally, MDSC maintain FoxP3 stability and their ability to suppress IFN-γ+ Th1 cells. Administering MDSC to high-risk corneal transplant recipients demonstrates prolonged graft survival via promotion of Treg while concurrently suppressing IFN-γ+ Th1 cells...
March 19, 2024: American Journal of Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509156/in-silico-approaches-for-the-identification-of-potential-allergens-among-hypothetical-proteins-from-alternaria-alternata-and-its-functional-annotation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajamanikandan Sundararaj, Amala Mathimaran, Dhamodharan Prabhu, Balajee Ramachandran, Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman, Saravanan Muthupandian, Tsehaye Asmelash
Direct exposure to the fungal species Alternaria alternata is a major risk factor for the development of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and inflammation. As of November 23rd 2020, the NCBI protein database showed 11,227 proteins from A. alternata genome as hypothetical proteins (HPs). Allergens are the main causative of several life-threatening diseases, especially in fungal infections. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to identify the potentially allergenic inducible proteins from the HPs in A. alternata and their associated functional assignment for the complete understanding of the complex biological systems at the molecular level...
March 20, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507020/combinational-delivery-of-tlr4-and-tlr7-8-agonist-enhanced-the-therapeutic-efficacy-of-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-to-colon-tumor
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengjiao Wang, Quan Wan, Chenglv Wang, Qianyu Jing, Yujie Nie, Xiangyan Zhang, Xin Chen, De Yang, Runsang Pan, Linzhao Li, Lan Zhu, Huan Gui, Shuanghui Chen, Yuezhen Deng, Tao Chen, Yingjie Nie
Immunotherapy is regarded as a potent cancer treatment, with DC vaccines playing a crucial role. Although clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of DC vaccines, loading antigens in vitro is challenging, and their therapeutic effects remain unpredictable. Moreover, the diverse subtypes and maturity states of DCs in the body could induce both immune responses and immune tolerance, potentially affecting the vaccine's efficacy. Hence, the optimization of DC vaccines remains imperative. Our study discovered a new therapeutic strategy by using CT26 and MC38 mouse colon cancer models, as well as LLC mouse lung cancer models...
March 20, 2024: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505588/lung-adenocarcinoma-selection-of-surgical-approaches-in-solid-adenocarcinoma-from-the-viewpoint-of-clinicopathologic-features-and-tumor-microenvironmental-heterogeneity
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Li, Zhen Gao, Haixiao Diao, Chenran Guo, Yue Yu, Shang Liu, Zhen Feng, Zhongmin Peng
INTRODUCTION: Solid adenocarcinoma represents a notably aggressive subtype of lung adenocarcinoma. Amidst the prevailing inclination towards conservative surgical interventions for diminutive lung cancer lesions, the critical evaluation of this subtype's malignancy and heterogeneity stands as imperative for the formulation of surgical approaches and the prognostication of long-term patient survival. METHODS: A retrospective dataset, encompassing 2406 instances of non-solid adenocarcinoma (comprising lepidic, acinar, and papillary adenocarcinoma) and 326 instances of solid adenocarcinoma, was analyzed to ascertain the risk factors concomitant with diverse histological variants of lung adenocarcinoma...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504270/unveiling-cxcr2-as-a-promising-therapeutic-target-in-renal-cell-carcinoma-exploring-the-immunotherapeutic-paradigm-shift-through-its-inhibition-by-rct001
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher Montemagno, Arnaud Jacquel, Charlotte Pandiani, Olivia Rastoin, Rosie Dawaliby, Thomas Schmitt, Maxence Bourgoin, Héliciane Palenzuela, Anne-Laure Rossi, Damien Ambrosetti, Jerome Durivault, Frederic Luciano, Delphine Borchiellini, Julie Le Du, Leticia Christina Pires Gonçalves, Patrick Auberger, Rachid Benhida, Lisa Kinget, Benoit Beuselinck, Cyril Ronco, Gilles Pagès, Maeva Dufies
BACKGROUND: In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), first-line treatment combines nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4), yielding long-term remissions but with only a 40% success rate. Our study explored the potential of enhancing ccRCC treatment by concurrently using CXCR2 inhibitors alongside immunotherapies. METHODS: We analyzed ELR + CXCL levels and their correlation with patient survival during immunotherapy. RCT001, a unique CXCR2 inhibitor, was examined for its mechanism of action, particularly its effects on human primary macrophages...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502439/isolation-and-immunophenotyping-of-leukocytes-from-the-human-maternal-fetal-interface
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrigo Vega-Sánchez, Ismael Mancilla-Herrera
During human pregnancy, leukocytes that infiltrate the maternal-fetal interface play a major role in establishing a delicate balance between immune tolerance and functional response and setting the inflammatory process that leads to labor. Here we describe two methods for isolating immune cells from the chorioamniotic membranes (decidua parietalis) and placental blood (decidua basalis) that combine gentle enzymatic digestion, magnetic cell sorting, and density gradient. Isolated leukocytes can be immunophenotypified by flow cytometry, and both isolation methods are compatible with downstream cellular and molecular applications, such as cell culture, transcriptome, and proteome analyses...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501766/early-life-imprinting-of-intestinal-immune-tolerance-and-tissue-homeostasis
#28
REVIEW
Yoselin A Paucar Iza, Chrysothemis C Brown
Besides its canonical role in protecting the host from pathogens, the immune system plays an arguably equally important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Within barrier tissues that interface with the external microenvironment, induction of immune tolerance to innocuous antigens, such as commensal, dietary, and environmental antigens, is key to establishing immune homeostasis. The early postnatal period represents a critical window of opportunity in which parallel development of the tissue, immune cells, and microbiota allows for reciprocal regulation that shapes the long-term immunological tone of the tissue and subsequent risk of immune-mediated diseases...
March 19, 2024: Immunological Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499191/prophylactic-treatment-of-children-with-hemophilia-in-sweden
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rolf Ljung
Hemophilia A/B are caused by deficiency or lack of coagulation factors VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX), respectively, in plasma. A person with hemophilia develops bleeding in the joints and muscles at an early age, which, if left untreated, leads to early arthropathy. Preventive treatment can be achieved by regular (prophylactic) administration of FVIII/FIX. In 1958, this was implemented on a small scale in Sweden with FVIII in patients with severe hemophilia A, and in those with hemophilia B in 1972 when FIX became available...
March 18, 2024: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498004/potential-i-nos-arg-1-switch-with-nlrp3-and-parasitic-load-down-regulation-in-experimental-schistosoma-mansoni-infection-via-chloroquine-repurposing
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marwa A Hasby Saad, Esraa G El-Saadi, Dareen A Ali, Mona M Watany, Mohammed M Eid
In previous studies, the inhibitory effect of chloroquine on NLRP3 inflammasome and heme production was documented. This may be employed as a double-bladed sword in schistosomiasis (anti-inflammatory and parasiticidal). In this study, chloroquine's impact on schistosomiasis mansoni was investigated. The parasitic load (worm/egg counts and reproductive capacity index [RCI]), i-Nos/Arg-1 expression, splenomegaly, hepatic insult and NLRP3-immunohistochemical expression were assessed in infected mice after receiving early and late repeated doses of chloroquine alone or dually with praziquantel...
March 2024: Parasite Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497256/innate-immunity-in-aedes-mosquitoes-from-pathogen-resistance-to-shaping-the-microbiota
#31
REVIEW
Bretta Hixson, Robin Chen, Nicolas Buchon
Discussions of host-microbe interactions in mosquito vectors are frequently dominated by a focus on the human pathogens they transmit (e.g. Plasmodium parasites and arboviruses). Underlying the interactions between a vector and its transmissible pathogens, however, is the physiology of an insect living and interacting with a world of bacteria and fungi including commensals, mutualists and primary and opportunistic pathogens. Here we review what is known about the bacteria and fungi associated with mosquitoes, with an emphasis on the members of the Aedes genus...
May 6, 2024: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496185/the-protective-effect-of-abortion-on-preeclampsia-an-analysis-of-current-research
#32
REVIEW
Sarah J Norman, Gena Fontus, Chancée Forestier, Tasneem Hiba, Stephanie Colon Pagan, Michael Osondu, Volha Shylovich
A review of the current literature on preeclampsia (PE) confirms that this pregnancy complication remains a common cause of maternal mortality. Within the last several decades, obstetric and gynecological researchers worldwide have indicated an association between prior abortions and the development of PE. Different studies have debated whether abortion is a protective or risk factor for PE. However, the most current literature demonstrates a stronger likelihood that a positive history of abortions will offer a protective effect against PE...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495285/interleukins-in-liver-disease-treatment
#33
EDITORIAL
Ming Yang, Chun-Ye Zhang
Cytokines play pleiotropic roles in human health and disease by regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Interleukins (ILs), a large group of cytokines, can be divided into seven families, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 families. Here, we review the functions of ILs in the pathogenesis and resolution of liver diseases, such as liver inflammation ( e.g. , IL-35), alcohol-related liver disease ( e.g. , IL-11), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ( e.g. , IL-22), liver fibrosis ( e...
February 27, 2024: World Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494293/paraneoplastic-neurologic-syndrome-associated-with-gynecologic-and-breast-malignancies
#34
REVIEW
Elise Peter, Jérôme Honnorat, Virginie Desestret
Gynecologic and breast malignancies are the cancers most commonly associated with paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, of which the foremost is Yo [Purkinje cell antibody, type 1 (PCA-1)] paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Yo syndrome affects women in the sixth decade and manifests as a subacute severe cerebellar ataxia. The association of the typical clinical picture with the detection of Yo antibodies in a patient's serum or CSF defines the diagnosis. Yo syndrome is always associated with a cancer, and the search for the underlying tumor should focus on ovarian and breast cancers and be repeated overtime if negative...
2024: Handbook of Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492186/immunomodulatory-and-anti-inflammatory-effects-of-vitamin-a-and-tryptophan-on-monocyte-derived-dendritic-cells-stimulated-with-gliadin-in-celiac-disease-patients
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Asgari, Abdolrahim Nikzamir, Kaveh Baghaei, Siamak Salami, Andrea Masotti, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
Celiac Disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder with various symptoms upon gluten exposure. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in gliadin-induced inflammation. Vitamin A (retinol; Ret) and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), along with tryptophan (Trp) and its metabolite, kynurenic acid (KYNA), are known to influence the immune function of DCs and enhance their tolerogenicity. This research aims to assess the impact of gliadin on DC maturation and the potential of vitamin A and tryptophan to induce immune tolerance in DCs...
March 16, 2024: Inflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490531/galectin-4-antimicrobial-activity-primarily-occurs-through-its-c-terminal-domain
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hau-Ming Jan, Shang-Chuen Wu, Carter J Stowell, Mary L Vallecillo-Zúniga, Anu Paul, Kashyap R Patel, Sasikala Muthusamy, Hsien-Ya Lin, Diyoly Ayona, Ryan Philip Jajosky, Samata P Varadkar, Hirotomo Nakahara, Rita Chan, Devika Bhave, William J Lane, Melissa Yeung, Marie Hollenhorst, Seth Rakoff-Nahoum, Richard D Cummings, Connie M Arthur, Sean R Stowell
Although immune tolerance evolved to reduce reactivity with self, it creates a gap in the adaptive immune response against microbes that decorate themselves in self-like antigens. This is particularly apparent with carbohydrate-based blood group antigens, wherein microbes can envelope themselves in blood group structures similar to human cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the innate immune lectin, galectin-4 (Gal-4), exhibits strain-specific binding and killing behavior towards microbes that display blood group-like antigens...
March 13, 2024: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics: MCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489929/how-sperm-protects-itself-a-journey-in-the-female-reproductive-system
#37
REVIEW
Nadia Sheibak, Zahra Zandieh, Fatemehsadat Amjadi, Reza Aflatoonian
Sperm must pass a complex route in the female reproductive tract (FRT) to reach the fertilization site and join the oocyte. Thus, it should employ several mechanisms to survive against the female immune system, fertilize the oocyte, and successfully transmit paternal genes to the next generation. In addition to self-protection, sperm may be involved in the immune tolerance to the developing embryo and regulating the FRT for embryo implantation and subsequent pregnancy. Hence, this review intends to summarize the mechanisms that protect sperm in the FRT: including immunomodulatory factors that are carried by seminal plasma, cell-to-cell and molecular interaction of sperm with epithelial and immune cells of the FRT, high regulated secretions of inflammatory factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, inducing immune tolerance to paternal antigens, and specialized expression of cell receptors and binding proteins...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Reproductive Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489352/gut-bacteria-derived-serotonin-promotes-immune-tolerance-in-early-life
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine Z Sanidad, Stephanie L Rager, Hannah C Carrow, Aparna Ananthanarayanan, Ryann Callaghan, Lucy R Hart, Tingting Li, Purnima Ravisankar, Julia A Brown, Mohammed Amir, Jenny C Jin, Alexandria Rose Savage, Ryan Luo, Florencia Mardorsky Rowdo, M Laura Martin, Randi B Silver, Chun-Jun Guo, Jan Krumsiek, Naohiro Inohara, Melody Y Zeng
The gut microbiota promotes immune system development in early life, but the interactions between the gut metabolome and immune cells in the neonatal gut remain largely undefined. Here, we demonstrate that the neonatal gut is uniquely enriched with neurotransmitters, including serotonin, and that specific gut bacteria directly produce serotonin while down-regulating monoamine oxidase A to limit serotonin breakdown. We found that serotonin directly signals to T cells to increase intracellular indole-3-acetaldehdye and inhibit mTOR activation, thereby promoting the differentiation of regulatory T cells, both ex vivo and in vivo in the neonatal intestine...
March 15, 2024: Science Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486980/small-molecule-agents-for-cancer-immunotherapy
#39
REVIEW
Fang Wang, Kai Fu, Yujue Wang, Can Pan, Xueping Wang, Zeyu Liu, Chuan Yang, Ying Zheng, Xiaopeng Li, Yu Lu, Kenneth Kin Wah To, Chenglai Xia, Jianye Zhang, Zhi Shi, Zeping Hu, Min Huang, Liwu Fu
Cancer immunotherapy, exemplified by the remarkable clinical benefits of the immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, is revolutionizing cancer therapy. They induce long-term tumor regression and overall survival benefit in many types of cancer. With the advances in our knowledge about the tumor immune microenvironment, remarkable progress has been made in the development of small-molecule drugs for immunotherapy. Small molecules targeting PRR-associated pathways, immune checkpoints, oncogenic signaling, metabolic pathways, cytokine/chemokine signaling, and immune-related kinases have been extensively investigated...
March 2024: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485815/cytotoxic-t-lymphocyte-associated-antigen-4-ctla-4-gene-polymorphisms-in-a-cohort-of-egyptian-patients-with-immune-thrombocytopenia-itp
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Doaa Mohamed El Demerdash, Maha Mohamed Saber, Alia Ayad, Kareeman Gomaa, Mohamed Abdelkader Morad
BACKGROUND: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by immune response dysregulations. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) plays a central role in immune checkpoint pathways and preventing autoimmune diseases by regulating immune tolerance. We aimed to explore the potential association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and ITP as well as study their impact on the response to therapy. METHODS: We investigated two CTLA-4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs: 231775 and rs: 3087243) using real-time PCR as well as the plasma levels of CTLA-4 by ELISA in 88 patients with ITP and 44 healthy participants (HC)...
March 1, 2024: Blood Research
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