Hypertension, Diabetes, Lipids, Diet,

BACKGROUND: Though the laryngeal cancer only has 1% of the total cancer cases and related deaths, it is a type of head and neck cancers with the highest prevalence. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological trend of laryngeal cancer with updated data on the global distribution of the disease burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The incidence and mortality rate of laryngeal cancer was extracted from GLOBOCAN (2020), Cancer Incidence in Five Continents series I-X, WHO mortality database, the Nordic Cancer Registries, and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program...

Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is common among patients with several risk factors, such as elderly, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Notably, PAD is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. Non-invasive interventions are beneficial to improve morbidity and mortality among patients with PAD. Traditional risk factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia play a significant role in the development of PAD. Still, additional factors such as mental health, glycemic control, diet, exercise, obesity management, lipid-lowering therapy, and antiplatelet therapy have emerged as important considerations...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of medical conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. While there are numerous studies on the prevalence of MetS in the general adult population worldwide, limited information exists regarding its prevalence among university students and academic staff. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS and associated risk factors among Bangladesh university students and academic staff. For this cross-sectional study, 583 participants were randomly selected from university students (n = 281) and academic staff (n = 302) in Bangladesh...

Obesity is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. Obesity in women at the reproductive stage adversely affects contraception, fertility, maternal well-being, and the health of their offspring. Being a major protein component in chylomicrons and high-density lipoproteins, apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) is involved in lipid metabolism, food intake, glucose homeostasis, prevention against atherosclerosis, and platelet aggregation. The goal of the present study is to determine the impact of apoA-IV deficiency on metabolic functions in 129X1/SvJ female mouse strain...

Lead (Pb) exposure is a well-established risk factor for dyslipidemia, and people are exposed to it in multiple ways daily. Dietary fiber is presumed to improve lipid metabolism disorders, but it is still unknown whether it can relieve the detrimental impact of Pb on dyslipidemia. We used publicly accessible data from the 2011-2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 2128 US adults were enrolled for the subsequent analysis. Heavy metal concentrations in blood were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)...

BACKGROUND: Testosterone (T) is an anabolic hormone crucial to the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Testosterone is partially synthesized from cholesterol, but little is known about the relationship of cholesterol intake and serum cholesterol with T levels. AIM: To investigate whether cholesterol intake and serum total cholesterol (TC) levels are associated with serum total testosterone (TT) levels in men. METHODS: A cross-sectional study enrolling 1996 men aged 20 to 80 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 was carried out...

AIM: We investigated the effect of mitochondria transfer in high fat diet+streptozotocin (HFD + STZ) induced metabolic syndrome (MeS) in rats. The effect of mitochondria transfer in MeS with co-existing hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes and fatty liver together, has not been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Heathy mitochondria was transferred intravenously and the effect on several physiological parameters and biochemical parameters were examined in HFD + STZ rats...

BACKGROUND: Pregnant women with a high triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index during early pregnancy may increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and dietary fiber could play an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, no trials have tested the effects of dietary fiber on preventing GDM in women with a high TyG index. This study aims to investigate whether GDM can be prevented by dietary fiber supplementation in women with a TyG index ≥8.5 during early pregnancy (<20 weeks)...

AIM: to investigate the effects of low sodium formula salt combined with the Chinese Modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on cerebrovascular function in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: an eight-week single-arm trial was conducted in 66 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes to investigate effects of low sodium formula salt (potassium chloride 56 %, sodium chloride 23 %, 5 g/day) combined with Chinese Modified DASH diet on cerebrovascular function (measured by transcranial Doppler sonography), indicators of chronic diseases (blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids) and urinary excretion...

Stroke has three main subtypes - ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The most common stroke subtype is ischemic stroke, making up about 88% of strokes. Many of these strokes may be prevented by lifestyle modifications. These lifestyle modifications include engaging in physical activity, dietary changes such as the Mediterranean diet, smoking cessation, and avoiding substance abuse. Addressing medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, lipid management, sleep apnea, and atrial fibrillation will also have a major impact on stroke prevention...

Celery ( Apium graveolens ) was shown to have beneficial effects on cardiometabolic factors in animal models. As the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) adversely affects cardiometabolic factors, we aimed to assess the effects of celery powder on glycemic and anthropometric indices, lipid profile, liver function, oxidative stress, and blood pressure of individuals with T2DM. In a pilot randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 50 eligible adults with T2DM were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control to consume either 750 mg of celery powder (obtained from fresh celery) or placebo along with a low-calorie diet for 12 weeks, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia is closely associated with dietary patterns and inflammation. However, the relationship between hyperlipidemia and the inflammatory potential of diets remains unexplored. The research was conducted to examine the relationship between hyperlipidemia and dietary inflammatory index (DII). METHODS: The data utilized in the research were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018. The information on dietary intake was gathered by conducting 24-h dietary recall interviews...

We present the Spanish adaptation of the 2021 European Guidelines on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) prevention in clinical practice. The current guidelines besides the individual approach greatly emphasize on the importance of population level approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Systematic global CVD risk assessment is recommended in individuals with any major vascular risk factor. Regarding LDL-Cholesterol, blood pressure, and glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus, goals and targets remain as recommended in previous guidelines...

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is an updated construct of cardiovascular health (CVH), including blood pressure, lipids, glucose, body mass index, nicotine exposure, diet, physical activity, and sleep health. It is challenging to simultaneously measure all eight metrics at multiple time points in most research and clinical settings, hindering the use of LE8 to assess individuals' overall CVH trajectories over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained data from 5,588 participants in the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS, NHSII) and Health Professionaĺs Follow-up Study (HPFS), and 27,194 participants in the 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with all eight metrics available...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is on the rise in India and is primarily linked to obesogenic dietary habits. The synergy of both is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Hence, the present study aims to unveil clusters at high risk of metabolic syndrome and ascertain cluster characteristics based on dietary patterns among adolescents aged 10-19 years. DATA AND METHODS: The study utilizes secondary data, i.e., Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey conducted in 2016-18...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic disease in patients who die of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and metabolic characteristics of diabetic patients with COVID-19 during the pre-vaccination phase. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from February 2020 to February 2021 to examine the clinical and metabolic profiles of unvaccinated diabetic patients affected by COVID-19. Data were collected from claim databases, hospital discharge records, and clinical records within a healthcare district located in northeastern Italy with a population of 936,000...

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition related to atherosclerosis affecting >200 million people worldwide, and it increases cardiovascular morbidity (mainly from myocardial infarction and stroke) and mortality. Indeed, PAD patients are classified as patients at very high cardiovascular risk. The most common manifestation of PAD is intermittent claudication, which is associated with reduced mobility and leg pain. Nevertheless, asymptomatic PAD is the most frequent form of PAD worldwide; therefore, it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated...

Atherosclerosis, chronic non-communicable diseases, and metabolic syndrome are highly interconnected and collectively contribute to global health concerns that reduce life expectancy and quality of life. These conditions arise from multiple risk factors, including inflammation, insulin resistance, impaired blood lipid profile, endothelial dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular risk. Adopting a plant-based diet has gained popularity as a viable alternative to promote health and mitigate the incidence of, and risk factors associated with, these three health conditions...

Modern lifestyles have led to sedentary behavior, lower participation in active movement and physical activities during leisure time, unhealthy diets, and increased exposure to stress. It is important to examine the interaction of several lifestyle risk factors instead of focusing on one alone. The purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle patterns in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes and the associations of its components with certain metabolic parameters. Using principal component analysis, we identified three dietary patterns: the prudent pattern (fat, oil, cereals, potatoes, vegetables, fish, nuts, seeds and fruits), the Western pattern (meat and meat products, eggs and soft drinks) and the traditional pattern (milk and its derivatives, soups and sauces, with a low intake of sugar/snacks)...

Lupinus angustifolius has a unique nutrient profile among legumes and may have beneficial health effects when included in the diet. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological properties of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius ), its chemical components, and their relevance for monitoring biological and anthropometric health markers, including triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), BMI, weight, and glycemia, compared with control groups with other kinds of diets. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, updated to December 2023, were searched...