sleep obstructive apnea and obesity

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects maternal and neonatal health during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify characteristics and comorbidities associated with sleep clinic referral in high-risk pregnancies with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2 . METHOD: Retrospective cohort study for individuals in a high-risk pregnancy clinic at a tertiary Australian hospital from 1 January to 31 December 2020 with BMI≥35 kg/m2 . The primary outcome measure was sleep clinic referral...

Obesity is a growing global health concern. Saudi Arabia is experiencing a higher prevalence of obesity compared to the globe. This case report focuses on a 38-year-old female with a body mass index (BMI) of 90.5 kg/m2 , prediabetes, and obstructive sleep apnea who successfully underwent a lifestyle modification process resulting in remarkable weight loss. The patient's past unsuccessful attempts at weight loss had left her with a reluctance to try again initially. A multidisciplinary team collaborated to develop a management plan starting with an intensive lifestyle intervention...

BACKGROUND: The existing data on the link between body mass index (BMI), operative characteristics, and surgical outcomes across orthognathic surgery are limited. PURPOSE: The purpose was to measure the association between BMI and early postoperative outcomes in orthognathic surgery. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND SAMPLE: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients (n = 118) aged > 14 years undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery between 2015 and 2018 by a single surgeon within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California-integrated healthcare system...

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with many co-morbidities in children and young people. Obesity has long been recognised as an important risk factor associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Currently, polysomnography is regarded as the gold-standard diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea. The validity of oximetry as a screening and diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea has been the subject of several studies in the literature. There is little published evidence on the use of oximetry in children with obesity...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been shown to be an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and intermittent hypoxia is an important pathogenetic factor for it. In the clinic, it was found that most CVD patients combined with OSA were also combined with solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) or thyroid nodules (TN). Are these disorders related to intermittent hypoxia? One study showed that intermittent hypoxia is a pathogenic factor for lung cancer in mice, but there have been no clinical reports...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifaceted disorder marked by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, often coexisting with various medical conditions. This study, aimed to comprehensively analyze the Multifaceted Landscape of Pediatric Insights into Prevalence, Severity, and Coexisting Conditions. With a sample of 1928 participants, our study sought to determine the prevalence, severity, and associations between OSA and diverse conditions. METHODS: Conducted retrospectively from February 2019 to April 2023, the study included pediatric patients...

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition that is increasing in prevalence worldwide. Untreated OSA has a negative impact on health-related quality of life and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Despite available data suggesting that cardiovascular risk might differ according to clinical phenotypes and comorbidities, current approaches to OSA treatment usually take a "one size fits all" approach. Identification of cardiovascular vulnerability biomarkers and clinical phenotypes associated with response to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy could help to redefine the standard treatment paradigm...

OBJECTIVE: Pharyngeal opening pressure (PhOP) is a measure of upper airway collapsibility that can be obtained during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) using a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) titration. However, the stability of PhOP over the course of sedation during DISE remains unclear. This study aims to compare repeat measures of PhOP over the course of DISE. STUDY DESIGN: Single arm prospective study. SETTING: Single tertiary care institution...

Breathing effort is important to quantify to understand mechanisms underlying central and obstructive sleep apnea, respiratory-related arousals, and the timing and effectiveness of invasive or non-invasive mechanically assisted ventilation. Current quantitative methods to evaluate breathing effort rely on inspiratory esophageal or epiglottic pressure swings or changes in diaphragm electromyographic (EMG) activity, where units are problematic to interpret and compare between individuals and to measured ventilation...

BACKGROUND: Obesity refers to a significant contributor to the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Early prediction of OSA usually leads to better treatment outcomes, and this study aims to employ novel metabolic markers, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) to evaluate the relationship to OSA. METHODS: The data used in the current cross-sectional investigation are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which was carried out between 2015 and 2018...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with unfavorable outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The purpose of this study was to compare in-hospital outcomes of patients with COPD alone versus OSA-COPD overlap after CABG. METHODS: Data of adults ≥ 18 years old with COPD who received elective CABG between 2005 and 2018 were extracted from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS)...

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is rare in older children. Although CSA mostly arises from neurological diseases such as Chiari malformation, the frequency of CSA is significantly higher in obese children. Herein, we describe the case of a 14-yr-old boy who presented with CSA secondary to severe obesity and a history of traumatic lateral medullary syndrome at 8 yr of age. Polysomnography revealed severe sleep apnea syndrome with apnea-hypopnea index of 41.4 per hour and central apnea index of 8.9 per hour. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed no new brainstem or cerebellar infarcts; however, old changes in the cerebellar infarction persisted...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Symptom impact and neurocognitive function have not been previously compared between patients with obesity-associated hypoventilation disorders (obesity hypoventilation syndrome [OHS]) and hypoventilation in the setting of obesity and obstructive airways disease (OHAD). The aim of this study is to compare baseline sleep-related symptoms, health-related quality of life, and neurocognitive function between OHS and OHAD and the impact of PAP therapy on these outcomes. METHODS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quality Index (PSQI), SF36, and various neurocognitive tests, in addition to anthropometric, polysomnography, lung function, and blood gas data from participants with OHS and participants with OHAD, were included in the analysis...

BACKGROUND: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during childhood is common and includes a range of breathing abnormalities that range from primary snoring (PS) to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Studies have shown that not only OSAS, but also PS, which is originally considered harmless, could cause cardiovascular, cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial problems. Many researches are focused on the relation of OSA and serum lipid levels. However, little studies are focused on PS and serum lipid levels in children...

Obesity, especially in those over the age of 65, is associated with multiple comorbidities and decreased quality of life. Bariatric surgery is an effective method of weight loss and management of comorbidities and is increasingly utilized in younger and middle-aged populations. A retrospective review was performed of patients ≥65 years old who underwent bariatric surgery between 2018 and 2021 at a single institution to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in older populations. A total of 11 patients were identified with a mean age of 67...

OBJECTIVE(S): The first-line treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is adenotonsillectomy. Post-operative weight gain is a well-documented phenomenon. We hypothesized that higher peri-adenotonsillectomy delta weight correlates with lower rates of OSA resolution in pediatric patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study consisting of 250 patients from 2 to 17 years of age at a tertiary academic medical center between January 2021 and December 2022...

BACKGROUND: Weight reduction is a standard recommendation for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment in people with obesity or overweight; however, weight loss can be challenging to achieve and maintain without bariatric surgery. Currently, no approved anti-obesity medication has demonstrated effectiveness in OSA management. This study is evaluating the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide for treatment of moderate to severe OSA in people with obesity. METHODS: SURMOUNT-OSA, a randomized, placebo -controlled, 52-week phase 3 trial, is investigating the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide for treatment of moderate to severe OSA (apnea hypopnea- index ≥15 events/h) in participants with obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 ) and an established OSA diagnosis...

The objective of the present study was to describe the dietary inflammatory profile and its correlations with sleep parameters of obese individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Forty individuals underwent nocturnal polysomnography, anthropometric measurements, body composition by plethysmography, assessment of food consumption by three-day food records, and blood collection for the lipid, glycemic and hormonal profile. Food consumption data were evaluated semiquantitatively, quantitalively assessment, and calculation of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) was perfomed...

Background: This study investigates the relationship between sleep patterns and ischemic stroke beyond the predominant focus on obstructive sleep apnea. Through a systematic review of the existing literature, we aim to elucidate the connections between insomnia, sleep duration, cardiovascular factors, and ischemic stroke onset. Methods: We searched databases, including MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus, and Science Direct, using an adapted PICO framework. Using a search strategy with MeSH words, keywords, and expressions related to insomnia and stroke, we included clinical trials and analytical observational epidemiological studies, comprising cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies...