Colon cancer,rectal cancer,gastric cancer,small bowel cancer

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, gastric, duodenal and distal small bowel, biliary tract, pancreatic, colon, rectal, and anal cancer, comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies that impose a significant global burden. Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment landscape for several GI cancers, offering some patients durable responses and prolonged survival. Specifically, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) directed against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), either as monotherapies or in combination regimens, have gained tissue site-specific regulatory approvals for the treatment of metastatic disease and in the resectable setting...

INTRODUCTION:  Stomal prolapse (SP) is characterized by full-thickness protrusion of the bowel through the stoma site. The surgical procedures for SP include local repair, abdominal wall fixation, and stoma relocation. However, previous reports were mostly case reports or case series with a small number of patients and lacked long-term results. A modified Altemeier technique (MAT) has been used for the local repair of SP in our institution, and this study aimed to evaluate its mid-term efficacy...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the problem of appetite loss after major abdominal surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Appetite loss is a common problem after major abdominal surgery. Understanding of etiology and treatment options is limited. METHODS: We searched Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science for studies describing postoperative appetite loss. Data were extracted to clarify definition, etiology, measurement, surgical influence, pharmacological, and nonpharmacological treatment...

BACKGROUND: Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a distinct malignancy occurring across the tubular gastrointestinal tract (tGIT). We comprehensively examined the outcomes of patients diagnosed with SRCC across tGIT. METHODS: SRCC and not-otherwise-specified adenocarcinoma (NOS) patients reported to the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2015 were included. Baseline characteristics, outcomes and site-specific adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) derived from Cox models of SRCC patients were compared to those of NOS patients...

BACKGROUND: Colon and rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare and poorly characterized. Because the majority of treatment guidelines for GISTs are extrapolated from tumors of gastric and small bowel origin, our aim was to better characterize the unique clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of colon and rectal GISTs to guide clinical care. METHODS: The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried from 2006 to 2013 for cases of GISTs in the stomach, colon, and rectum...

We investigated whether obesity and sociodemographic factors at adolescence are associated with incident gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET).Our cohort included 2.3 million Israeli adolescents examined at ages 16 to 19 years between 1967 and 2010. The baseline database included sex, country of birth, residential socioeconomic status (SES), body-mass index (BMI) and height. Participants were followed through linkage with the National Cancer Registry up to 2012. We identified 221 cases of GEP-NET (66 pancreatic, 52 gastric, 39 rectal, 27 appendiceal, 23 small bowel and 14 colonic)...

UNLABELLED: The working group for abdominal and gastrointestinal diagnosis is a group of the German Radiological Society (DRG) focusing clinically and scientifically on the diagnosis and treatment of the gastrointestinal tract with all parenchymatous abdominal organs. In addition to the clinical and scientific further development of abdominal radiology, the education of radiologists within this core discipline of radiology is one of the major aims. In this article we give an up-to-date literature review of scientific radiological topics especially covered by German radiologists...

Familial juvenile polyposis (FJP) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disorder that is characterized by the development of multiple distinct juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and an increased risk of cancer. Recently, germline mutations, including mutations in the SMAD4, BMPR1A, PTEN and, possibly, ENG genes, have been found in patients with juvenile polyps. We herein report a family with juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) with a novel germline mutation in the SMAD4 gene. A 21-year-old man presented with rectal bleeding and was found to have multiple polyps in his stomach, small bowel, and colon...

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of tumor related anemia in patients with cancer in the digestive system. METHODS: A total of of 10 218 inpatients were diagnosed with cancer in the digestive system at the Peking Union Hospital from January 2000 to June 2009, which included esophageal cancer(n=1118), gastric cancer(n=2418), carcinoma of duodenum(n=134), carcinoma of small intestine(n=85), hepatocellular cancer(n=1508), cholangiocarcinoma(n=546), pancreatic cancer (n=1242), colon cancer(n=1582), and rectal cancer(n=1585)...

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) occurs in 2-5% of adult men and postmenopausal women in the developed world and is a common cause of referral to gastroenterologists. Gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss from colonic cancer or gastric cancer, and malabsorption in coeliac disease are the most important causes that need to be sought. DEFINING IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA: The lower limit of the normal range for the laboratory performing the test should be used to define anaemia (B). Any level of anaemia should be investigated in the presence of iron deficiency (B)...

The HNPCC syndrome (hereditary non polyposis colon cancer) or Lynch syndrome stands for an autosomic dominant condition leading to the most prevalent hereditary colo-rectal cancers (CCR). MMR (mismatch repair)'s genes are involved in carcinogenesis as they play a role in ADNA mismatch repair. Microsatellite instability (MSI+ phenotype) induced by germline mutations is characteristic of such tumors and is necessary to assert the diagnosis. The HNPCC syndrome is associated with a significant increased risk of CCR altogether with endometrium, upper urinary tract and small bowel carcinomas as well as ovarian, biliary system and gastric cancers although of lesser extent...

Laparoscopic resection has become one of the choices for colectomy for various colon and rectal diseases in recent years. Despite some uncertainties of laparoscopic procedures, especially during cancer surgery, its popularity has forced surgeons to pursue the approach. One of the concerns is inadequate examination of the intra-abdominal organs with a laparoscope. This study is a retrospective analysis of a single surgeon's experience of the frequencies of unexpected findings during laparotomies. From July 1990 to November 2005, 2775 patients with various colorectal diseases receiving laparotomies by a single surgeon were analyzed...

INTRODUCTION: Longitudinal analyses of cancer registries provide an opportunity for population-based explanations of epidemiology and survival-related outcomes. This study used two population-based data sets to report on nine surgery-related cancers over the past three decades. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the SEER cancer database (1973-1999), all patients (>18 years old) with adenocarcinoma of esophagus, gastric, biliary system, pancreas, small bowel, colon, rectum; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESC), or hepatocellular (HCC) carcinoma (n = 379,640) were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic idiopathic constipation can be difficult to manage either medically or surgically. We report our experience of long-term follow-up of 21 patients who had undergone colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis for difficult chronic idiopathic constipation. METHODS: The patients (19 female, 2 male) were aged 26-68 (median = 46) years and had undergone subtotal colectomy 5-12 (median = 8) years before their assessment. They answered a questionnaire about severity of abdominal pain, bloating, urgency, and straining...

A secondary malignancy is a common finding in carcinoid tumor patients. Several authors saw 7 to 36% of their carcinoid tumor patients developing an other malignancy. From 1965 to 1990 we treated 144 patients with a carcinoid tumor. During the follow-up time 24 (17%) developed a secondary tumor commonly sited in the gastrointestinal tract (8 colon carcinomas, 3 rectal carcinomas, 2 gastric carcinomas, 1 small bowel carcinoma, 1 esophageal cancer). The incidence is elevated 8 times in comparison to the normal population...

In the Basel study (BS) (1960-73) on cardiovascular and peripheral arterial diseases, a mortality follow-up was completed for the period 1965-80. Of the 4,224 men at risk for these diseases, 531 died. The causes of death were established from the death certificates and classified into 8 groups. For each case 2 age- and sex-matched controls were selected and compared with the corresponding cases with regard to the various variables obtained at the three examinations (1960, 1965, 1971). This report dealth with cancer mortality, plasma lipids, plasma vitamins, alcohol and cigarette consumption, and intake of milk and citrus fruits...

Between 1981 and 1986, 140 patients over 80 years of age were operated on for a gastrointestinal tract tumor in our service. There were 24 gastric, one small-bowel, 91 colonic, and 24 rectal cancers. Only 40% of the patients were preoperatively free of any systemic disorder other than tumor. We performed surgical procedures with a curative intent for 90 (64%) of them. Our mean overall postoperative mortality was 17%, but this rate could be decreased by performing elective operations on well-prepared patients...

Detailed data and statistics per each morphological site of various digestive neoplasms were obtained for the period 1976-87 from the Vaud Cancer Registry datafile, a population-based cancer registration scheme covering about 530,000 inhabitants from the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Tabulations presented include absolute number of cases (1,041 oral and pharyngeal, 545 oesophageal, 1,131 gastric, 83 small intestine, 1,980 colon, 1,267 rectal, 357 liver, 328 gallbladder and 725 pancreatic cancers), percent distributions, age-standardised rates, sex ratios and 5-year survival...

BACKGROUND: Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine is uncommon. The Hawaii Tumor Registry (HTR) has identified 49 of these tumors since 1960, and the Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study (JHCS) has identified only four of these tumors among a cohort of 8006 Hawaiian-Japanese men followed up for a period of 22 years. Each of the four men reported by the JHCS had multicentric gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS: Newly diagnosed cancers are recorded separately by the HTR and JHCS, and linkage is maintained between the two files...

Sixty-nine patients with advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas were given adriamycin intravenously at a dose level of 40-75 mg/m once every 3 weeks. Toxic effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and minor ECG changes. There was a slight trend toward move severe leukopenia in patients with markedly abnormal liver function test (serum glutamic oxaloacteic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase). Of the 57 pateints with colorectal cancer treated with adriamycin, four (7%) showed partial objective responses...