Comparative medicine

Manipulation in the light regimes combined with the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and elicitors through plant cell culture technology is a promising strategy for enhancing the yield of medicinally important secondary metabolites. In this study, the effects of interplay between PGRs, elicitors and light regimes on cell cultures of F. indica have been investigated. The results showed that callus cultures resulted in maximum biomass formation (13.2 g/L) when incubated on solid MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing 1...

Patient acceptability is an important consideration in the design of medicines for children. The aim of this study was to investigate acceptability of multiparticulates in healthy children and adults. A randomised, single-blind acceptability testing was performed involving 71 children (4-12 years) and 61 adults (18-37 years). Each participant received three 500 mg samples of microcrystalline cellulose pellets administered on a medicine spoon with water at 5-10 minutes intervals. Acceptability was measured based on voluntary intake of the samples, facial expressions, ratings on hedonic scales and reported willingness to take multiparticulates everyday as a medicine...

BACKGROUND: As electronic health records have become a more integral part of a physician's daily life, new electronic health record tools will continue to be rolled out to trainees. Patient access to provider notes is becoming a more widespread practice because this has been shown to increase patient empowerment. OBJECTIVE: In this analysis, we compared differences between resident and attending physicians' perceptions prior to implementation of patient access to provider notes to facilitate optimal use of electronic health record features and as a potential for patient empowerment...

Conspecific populations of plants in their native range are expected to show considerable variation due to long-term ecological and evolutionary factors. We investigated the levels of secondary metabolites in Heracleum including H. persicum a valuable medicinal plant to depict the magnitude of cryptic variation and the potential significance of novel chemical traits. The essential oil volatiles from fruits of 34 populations from different species of Heracleum in Iranian distribution range and a native and invasive population of H...

Black Americans have lower levels of serum 25(OH)D but superior bone health compared to white Americans. There is controversy over whether they should be screened for vitamin D deficiency and have higher vitamin D requirements than recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). The purpose of this trial was to determine whether Vitamin D supplementation in elderly black women prevents bone loss. 260 healthy black American women, 60 years of age and older were recruited to take part in a two arm, double-dummy 3 year RCT of vitamin D3 vs...

Background: the effect of hospitalisation in emergency department-based short-stay units (SSUs) has not been studied in older patients. We compared SSU hospitalisation with standard care at an Internal Medicine Department (IMD) in acutely admitted older internal medicine patients. Methods: pragmatic randomised clinical trial. We randomly assigned patients aged 75 years or older, acutely admitted for an internal medicine disease and assessed to be suitable for SSU hospitalisation to SSU hospitalisation or IMD hospitalisation...

Objective - to assess how rCBV maps correlate with irradiation treatment plans in patients with recurrent tumor in order to identify potential differences and optimize treatment planning. 11 patients with brain HGG have taken participation in this study. Study was conducted in Radiation Medicine Center and Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Medicine. All patients underwent DSC-MRI and routine MRI imaging prior to re-irradiation treatment planning, and underwent treatment as per routine clinical protocol...

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered to be an excellent source in regenerative medicine. They contain several cell subtypes, including multipotent stem cells. MSCs are of particular interest as they are currently being tested using cell and gene therapies for a number of human diseases. They represent a rare population in tissues; for this reason, they require, before being transplanted, an in vitro amplification. This process may induce replicative senescence, thus affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate which of three arthroscopic knots are most reliably taught to and executed by residents at varying levels of training. METHODS: Three arthroscopic knots, the Samsung Medical Center (SMC), the Weston, and the surgeon's knot, were taught to 16 orthopaedic surgery residents. Each knot was tied in triplicate at two sessions 1 week apart. The knots were then biomechanically tested for strength. Corresponding knots tied by a sports medicine fellow served as the respective controls...

Purpose: We present a rapid computational method for quantifying interfraction motion of the esophagus in patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy on a magnetic resonance (MR) guided radiation therapy system. Methods and materials: Patients who underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy had simulation computed tomography (CT) and on-treatment MR scans performed. The esophagus was contoured on each scan. CT contours were transferred to MR volumes via rigid registration...

Background : Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disorder with not as yet fully understood pathogenesis. In this controlled study, we assessed acne vulgaris patients for several possible pathogenic factors such as vitamin D deficiency, vegan diet, increased body mass index (BMI) and positive anti-transglutaminase antibody. Methods : We screened 10 years of records at a family medicine clinic for patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris. In eligible subjects, we collected data regarding 25-hydroxylvitamin D levels, BMI, dietary preference and serum IgA tissue transglutaminase levels...

Biqi capsule is a Traditional Chinese Medicine preparation for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and clinical studies have indicatedthat its effect may be more beneficial than that of Western medicine. The present study aimed to estimate the efficacy and safety of Biqi capsule alone or combined with methotrexate (MTX) compared with MTX alone for treating RA by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials. A systematic literature search of studies published until March 2017 was performed...

Binocular depth perception (BDP) is one of the most demanding visual function that involves both dorsal and ventral visual information streams. Substantial research has been conducted on the disruption of BDP in patients with schizophrenia. However, research on first-episode and drug-naive patients with schizophrenia (FEDN) is limited. To assess the BDP of schizophrenia patients while controlling for the effects of antipsychotics and the duration of illness. We investigated BDP in patients with schizophrenia via the Titmus Stereopsis Test in this study, by matching the patients into three groups: FEDN ( n = 17), long duration of illness and medicine treatment (LDMT) ( n = 31) and the healthy control group ( n = 40)...

INTRODUCTION: A review of European Union (EU)-funded initiatives linked to 'Real World Evidence' (RWE) was performed to determine whether their outputs could be used for the generation of real-world data able to support the European Medicines Agency (EMA)'s regulatory decision-making on medicines. METHOD: The initiatives were identified from publicly available websites. Their topics were categorised into five areas: 'Data source', 'Methodology', 'Governance model', 'Analytical model' and 'Infrastructure'...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of functional constipation (FC) is 3-27%, and FC has been reported to cause discomfort in daily life and various complications. The treatment for FC depends on laxatives, and thus, effective and non-toxic alternative treatments are needed. METHODS: We conducted a randomised, sham-controlled parallel-design, pilot trial. Participants with FC were randomly assigned to either the real acupuncture (RA) or sham acupuncture (SA) group. The RA consisted of eight fixed acupuncture points (bilateral ST25, ST27, BL52 and BL25) and four additional points targeted to the individual based on Traditional Korean medicine (TKM)...

To study the evolution of Chinese ancient and modern pharmacopoeia standards and compare the domestic and foreign pharmacopoeias, further understand the international requirements on chrysanthemum quality, and establish a more suitable and modern standard system for high quality Chrysanthemi Flos pieces. Newly Revised Materia Medica, Welfare Pharmacy, Collected Essentials of Species of Materia Medica (Bencao Pinhui Jingyao), Chinese Pharmacopoeia and other herbal remedies in various generations were reviewed to summarize the evolution of domestic standards on Chrysanthemi Flos pieces...

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) combined with sodium hyaluronate(SH) injected in articular cavity therapy on knee osteoarthritis(KOA). The following databases such as CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed and Medline were researched to collect the randomized controlled trails on external therapies of TCM combined with sodium hyaluronate injected in articular cavity therapy on KOA. The selection of studies, assessment of methodological quality and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers...

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. CNKI, Wanfang knowledge service platform, VIP journal database, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), PubMed, the Cochrane Library and EMbase database from inception to December 2017 were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi therapy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Literature selection and information extraction was completed and screened by two independent reviewers, and then the Cochrane recommended bias risk assessment method was used to evaluate the bias risk, and Review Manager 5...

The comparison on evaluating blood stasis syndrome in sleep deprived rats was carried out by using R, G, B image analysis of Tongue and palm as well as auricle, palm surface laser Doppler flow perfusion. The experiment was performed by means of a small platform on the water environment for sleep deprivation. The rats were weekly weighed at fixed time, and their macroscopic signs were observed; and their tongue and palm images of the control and model group were respectively collected by the SLR camera at the 2nd, 4th and 6th week...

Acorus macrospadiceus is a common medicinal and food plant used different ethnic groups in Guizhou and surrounding areas. In this paper, the leaf and rhizome tissues of A. macrospadiceus were hydro-distilled to extract the volatile oils. The chemical constituents of these oils were analyzed by GC-MS and identified using the NIST 14.0 & NIST 14.0s mass spectral libraries. The relative contents of chemical constituents from the different plant parts were determined by area normalization. The analysis of A...