keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496183/a-narrative-review-on-the-viability-of-osteopathic-manipulative-medicine-in-treating-irritable-bowel-syndrome-with-constipation-ibs-c
#1
REVIEW
Mahi Basra, Hemangi Patel, Alison Stern-Harbutte, David Lee, Randal K Gregg, Holly B Waters, Anna K Potter
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and alterations in bowel habits, with global prevalence. The etiology of the disease is likely multifactorial; however, autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and immune-mediated inflammation may contribute the most to the hallmark symptoms of abdominal pain and altered motility of the gut. Current pharmacological therapies operate to modulate intestinal transit, alter the composition of the gut flora and control pain...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454447/pathophysiology-of-acute-lung-injury-in-patients-with-acute-brain-injury-the-triple-hit-hypothesis
#2
REVIEW
Mairi Ziaka, Aristomenis Exadaktylos
It has been convincingly demonstrated in recent years that isolated acute brain injury (ABI) may cause severe dysfunction of peripheral extracranial organs and systems. Of all potential target organs and systems, the lung appears to be the most vulnerable to damage after ABI. The pathophysiology of the bidirectional brain-lung interactions is multifactorial and involves inflammatory cascades, immune suppression, and dysfunction of the autonomic system. Indeed, the systemic effects of inflammatory mediators in patients with ABI create a systemic inflammatory environment ("first hit") that makes extracranial organs vulnerable to secondary procedures that enhance inflammation, such as mechanical ventilation (MV), surgery, and infections ("second hit")...
March 7, 2024: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411074/the-causal-relationship-between-gut-microbiota-and-neuroblastoma-a-bidirectional-mendelian-randomization-analysis-and-meta-analysis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zexin Zhang, Dongting Li, Fengxi Xie, Haibo Zhang
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a type of neuroectodermal tumor that originates from primitive sympathetic ganglion cells. Although many risk factors contributing to the occurrence of NB have been reported in recent years, the role of the gut microbiota in its development remains unclear. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to elucidate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and NB. In the MR analysis, we employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary criterion for assessing causality, while also utilizing three additional approaches, including MR-Egger, weighted median model, and weighted mode, for comprehensive evaluation...
February 27, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38255734/primary-role-of-the-kidney-in-pathogenesis-of-hypertension
#4
REVIEW
Gheun-Ho Kim
Previous transplantation studies and the concept of 'nephron underdosing' support the idea that the kidney plays a crucial role in the development of essential hypertension. This suggests that there are genetic factors in the kidney that can either elevate or decrease blood pressure. The kidney normally maintains arterial pressure within a narrow range by employing the mechanism of pressure-natriuresis. Hypertension is induced when the pressure-natriuresis mechanism fails due to both subtle and overt kidney abnormalities...
January 14, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38192835/central-blockage-of-sympathetic-nerves-inhibits-the-abnormal-vital-signs-and-disturbance-of-the-gut-microbiota-caused-by-continuous-light-exposure
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Zhao, Xu-Ming Ma, Ming Ren, Huiqin Liu, Hao-Liang Duan, Xing-Li Liu, Zhong-Shan Gao, Yu-Lan Ma
BACKGROUND: Continuous light exposure increases sympathetic excitation in rats, leading to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and fibrosis. This study was aimed to investigate whether continuous light exposure causes destabilization of vital signs and gut microbiota (GM) in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and whether clonidine hydrochloride (CH), a central sympathetic depressant drug, could prevent these changes. METHODS: Eight-week-old male SD rats were divided into three groups with different interventions for 14 weeks: control group (CG), 2-mL pure water gavaged daily while on a normal 12-h light/dark cycle; continuous illumination group (CI), 2-mL pure water gavaged daily while receiving continuous exposure to light (300 lx); and drug administration group (DA), CH (10 μg/kg) gavaged daily while receiving continuous exposure to light (300 lx)...
January 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37665106/retraction-statement-role-of-the-immune-system-in-vascular-function-and-blood-pressure-control-induced-by-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-in-rats
#6
(no author information available yet)
Toral, M, Robles-Vera, I, de la Visitación, N, et al. Role of the immune system in vascular function and blood pressure control induced by faecal microbiota transplantation in rats. Acta Physiol. 2019; 227:e13285. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13285. The above article, published online on April 20, 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Pontus B. Persson, the Scandinavian Physiological Society, and John Wiley and Sons Ltd...
September 4, 2023: Acta Physiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37632662/gut-microbiota-and-its-role-in-the-brain-gut-kidney-axis-in-hypertension
#7
REVIEW
Natalia G Vallianou, Dimitris Kounatidis, Fotis Panagopoulos, Angelos Evangelopoulos, Vassilios Stamatopoulos, Anastasios Papagiorgos, Eleni Geladari, Maria Dalamaga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The role of the gut microbiota in modulating blood pressure is increasingly being recognized, currently. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings about the mechanisms involved in hypertension with regard to the phenomenon of "gut dysbiosis." RECENT FINDINGS: Gut dysbiosis, i.e., the imbalance between the gut microbiota and the host, is characterized by a disruption of the tight junction proteins, such as occludins, claudins, and JAMs (junctional adhesion molecules), resulting in increased gut permeability or the so called "leaky gut...
August 26, 2023: Current Hypertension Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37619907/amino-acids-contribute-to-adaptive-thermogenesis-new-insights-into-the-mechanisms-of-action-of-recent-drugs-for-metabolic-disorders-are-emerging
#8
REVIEW
Chiara Ruocco, Alexis Malavazos, Maurizio Ragni, Michele O Carruba, Alessandra Valerio, Gianluca Iacobellis, Enzo Nisoli
Adaptive thermogenesis is the heat production by muscle contractions (shivering thermogenesis) or brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat (non-shivering thermogenesis) in response to external stimuli, including cold exposure. BAT and beige fat communicate with peripheral organs and the brain through a variegate secretory and absorption processes - controlling adipokines, microRNAs, extracellular vesicles, and metabolites - and have received much attention as potential therapeutic targets for managing obesity-related disorders...
August 22, 2023: Pharmacological Research: the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37567034/unraveling-mechanistic-insights-into-the-role-of-microbiome-in-neurogenic-hypertension-a-comprehensive-review
#9
REVIEW
Yusang Dai, Zheng Shen, Lusine G Khachatryan, Diana E Vadiyan, Sajad Karampoor, Rasoul Mirzaei
Neurogenic hypertension, a complex and multifactorial cardiovascular disorder, is known to be influenced by various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the role of the gut microbiome in hypertension pathogenesis. The bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system, known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis, has emerged as a crucial mechanism through which the gut microbiota exerts its influence on neuroinflammation, immune responses, and blood pressure regulation...
August 6, 2023: Pathology, Research and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37485363/white-adipose-tissue-undergoes-browning-during-preweaning-period-in-association-with-microbiota-formation-in-mice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anju Tsukada, Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura, Emi Futagawa, Yuki Habu, Natsumi Takahashi, Mira Kato-Suzuki, Yuko Kato, Satoshi Ishizuka, Kei Sonoyama, Kazuhiro Kimura
Beige adipocytes are transiently induced during early postnatal period in mice. Previous studies have suggested that, unlike in adults, the induction is independent of the sympathetic nerve activity; however, the mechanism is yet unknown. Here, we showed that beige adipocytes are induced during the preweaning period in association with the formation of microbiota in mice. Alteration of gut microbiota composition in preweaning mice by maternal treatment with antibiotics or high-fat diet feeding substantially suppressed WAT browning...
July 21, 2023: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37230968/pathophysiological-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-approaches-in-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome
#11
REVIEW
Renjun Lv, Xueying Liu, Yue Zhang, Na Dong, Xiao Wang, Yao He, Hongmei Yue, Qingqing Yin
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common breathing disorder in sleep in which the airways narrow or collapse during sleep, causing obstructive sleep apnea. The prevalence of OSAS continues to rise worldwide, particularly in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The mechanism of upper airway collapse is incompletely understood but is associated with several factors, including obesity, craniofacial changes, altered muscle function in the upper airway, pharyngeal neuropathy, and fluid shifts to the neck...
May 25, 2023: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37173458/transcutaneous-auricular-vagus-nerve-stimulation-as-a-potential-novel-treatment-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shike Zhang, Hui He, Yu Wang, Xiao Wang, Xiaofang Liu
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age. The etiology of PCOS is multifactorial, and current treatments for PCOS are far from satisfactory. Recently, an imbalanced autonomic nervous system (ANS) with sympathetic hyperactivity and reduced parasympathetic nerve activity (vagal tone) has aroused increasing attention in the pathogenesis of PCOS. In this paper, we review an innovative therapy for the treatment of PCOS and related co-morbidities by targeting parasympathetic modulation based on non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (ta-VNS)...
May 12, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37107242/is-the-gut-microbiome-implicated-in-the-excess-risk-of-hypertension-associated-with-obstructive-sleep-apnea-a-contemporary-review
#13
REVIEW
Sanah S Munir, Fatima H Sert Kuniyoshi, Prachi Singh, Naima Covassin
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The pathogenesis of elevated blood pressure (BP) in OSA is multifactorial, including sympathetic overdrive, vascular aberrations, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. Among the mechanisms potentially involved in OSA-induced hypertension, the role of the gut microbiome is gaining increasing attention. Perturbations in the diversity, composition, and function of the gut microbiota have been causally linked to numerous disorders, and robust evidence has identified gut dysbiosis as a determinant of BP elevation in various populations...
April 3, 2023: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36748385/advances-in-extracardiac-mechanisms-for-heart-failure-with-preserved-ejection-fraction
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siyu Wang, Yichao Xiao
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a syndrome with highly heterogeneous clinical symptoms, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Compared with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HFpEF has a worse prognosis. Traditional therapies targeting the internal mechanisms of the heart show limited or inefficacy on HFpEF, and new therapeutic targets for HFpEF are expected to be found by focusing on the extracardiac mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that cardiopulmonary pathophysiological interaction exacerbates the progression of HFpEF...
December 28, 2022: Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban, Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36646880/emerging-topics-on-basic-research-in-hypertension-interorgan-communication-and-the-need-for-interresearcher-collaboration
#15
REVIEW
Keisuke Shinohara
The pathogenesis of hypertension is multifactorial and highly complex. Basic research plays critical roles in elucidating the complex pathogenesis of hypertension and developing its treatment. This review covers recent topics in basic research related to hypertension in the following six parts: brain/autonomic nervous system, kidney, vascular system, potential treatments, extracellular vesicles, and gut microbiota. The brain receives afferent nerve inputs from peripheral organs, including the heart, kidneys, and adipose tissue, and humoral inputs from circulating factors such as proinflammatory cytokines and leptin, which are involved in the regulation of central sympathetic outflow...
January 16, 2023: Hypertension Research: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36566524/mineralocorticoid-receptor-blockade-improved-gut-microbiota-dysbiosis-by-reducing-gut-sympathetic-tone-in-spontaneously-hypertensive-rats
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristina González-Correa, Javier Moleón, Sofía Miñano, Iñaki Robles-Vera, Marta Toral, Natividad Martín-Morales, Francisco O'Valle, Manuel Sánchez, Manuel Gómez-Guzmán, Rosario Jiménez, Miguel Romero, Juan Duarte
Microbiota has a crucial role in the host blood pressure (BP) regulation. The present study analyzes whether the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone ameliorates the dysbiosic state in a genetic model of neurogenic hypertension. Twenty-week-old male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly allocated into three groups: untreated WKY, untreated SHR, and SHR treated with spironolactone for 5 weeks. Spironolactone restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportion, and acetate-producing bacteria populations to WKY levels...
December 23, 2022: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36457710/impact-of-the-herbal-medicine-ephedra-sinica-stapf-on-gut-microbiota-and-body-weight-in-a-diet-induced-obesity-model
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eun-Ji Song, Na Rae Shin, Songhee Jeon, Young-Do Nam, Hojun Kim
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by excessive body fat and has become a global public health problem. Evidence suggests that obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disorders are closely related to gut microbiota. Bupropion (BP), an antidepressant medicine, and Ephedra sinica Stapf [Ephedraceae; Ephedrae Herba], a herbal medicine, are sympathetic stimulants and have weight loss effects. However, to our best knowledge, no studies have simultaneously assessed the effects of drugs and herbal medicines on obesity and gut microbiota...
2022: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36339093/reversal-of-temperature-responses-to-methylone-mediated-through-bi-directional-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-between-hyperthermic-tolerant-and-na%C3%A3-ve-rats
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Goldsmith, Amal Aburahma, Sudhan Pachhain, Sayantan Roy Choudhury, Vipa Phuntumart, Ray Larsen, Christopher S Ward, Jon E Sprague
The synthetic cathinone ("bath salt") methylone induces a hyperthermia response and with chronic administration tolerance to this hyperthermia has been reported. The microbiome-gut-brain axis has been implicated in multiple bodily systems and pathologies, and intentional manipulation of the gut-microbiome has yielded clinically significant results. Here, we examined the effects of bi-directional Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) between methylone-induced hyperthermic tolerant (MHT) and methylone-naïve (MN) rats...
2022: Temperature: Multidisciplinary Biomedical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36135378/inhibiting-intestinal-kr%C3%A3-ppel-like-factor-5-impairs-the-beneficial-role-of-renal-denervation-in-gut-microbiota-in-rats-with-heart-failure
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiqin Guo, Fuyan Chen, Yufeng Chen, Chao Liu, Shaonan Li, Pingan Chen
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is critical in maintaining intestinal barrier function, and renal denervation (RDN) mitigates gut microbiota aberrations in rats with heart failure (HF). It is unclear whether intestinal KLF5 can be regulated by RDN and whether inhibiting intestinal KLF5 weakens the beneficial role of RDN on gut microbiota. Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed into a CG (sham transverse aortic constriction [TAC] and sham RDN), HF (induced by TAC), or RDN (underwent RDN after TAC) group or a CG...
September 22, 2022: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36075609/-research-progress-of-acupuncture-for-peripheral-inflammatory-response
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Na-Na Yang, Chun-Xia Tan, Yue-Jie Li, Ling-Yu Qi, Lu-Lu Lin, Jing-Wen Yang, Cun-Zhi Liu
Acupuncture can regulate peripheral inflammatory response mainly through somatosensory-vagal/sympathetic nerve-splenic/adrenal/local reflex pathway. Besides, acupuncture may also play an anti-inflammatory role through gut microbiota and neuro-endocrine pathway. The effects of acupuncture have acupoint specificity and time window effect, and are influenced by voltage, current and frequency of electroacupuncture. Future research should focus on the connection and interaction of multiple targets, pathways and mechanisms in the brain, and clarify the multi-target advantages of acupuncture anti-inflammatory...
September 12, 2022: Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion
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