Bazvand

Population structure and genetic diversity are the key parameters to study the breeding history of animals. This research aimed to provide a characterization of the population structure and to compare the effective population size (Ne), LD decay, genetic diversity, and genomic inbreeding in Iranian native Caspian (n = 38), Turkmen (n = 24) and Kurdish (n = 29) breeds and some other exotic horses consisting of Arabian (n = 24), Fell pony (n = 21) and Akhal-Teke (n = 20). A variety of statistical population analysis techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis of principal component (DAPC) and model-based method (STRUCTURE) were employed...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the non-inferiority of biosimilar aflibercept (CinnaGen Company, Iran) (P041) to the originator aflibercept (Regeneron, US) (AFL) in terms of efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. DESIGN: This was a phase Ш, 52-week, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, and active control trial involving eyes in a 1:1 ratio. SUBJECTS: Patients with active subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration randomized into the two groups of P041 and AFL...

This research evaluates the crucial role of effective well cementing in enhancing petroleum production, with a specific emphasis on the utilization of spacer fluids for pre-cementing well cleaning. Investigating the performance of a water-based spacer fluid enriched with barite, Xanthan Gum, potato starch, and Poly-Anionic Cellulose additives, this study systematically designs and evaluates three distinct spacer fluids featuring varied additive concentrations for optimal mud removal efficiency. Notably, Spacer B1, incorporating 0...

BACKGROUND: Considering the various manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 and its imperative importance in terms of the right clinical approach and early management, we sought to present a hemicentral retinal vein occlusion case, with a history of heterozygosity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes and potential for clotting complications as a late manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019, and provide a brief review of reported retinal vein occlusion cases in patients with coronavirus disease 2019...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings between patients with Behçet's disease (BD) and individuals with healthy eyes. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients (67 eyes) with BD who were referred to Feiz Hospital and healthy eyes (43 eyes). All subjects underwent Snellen visual acuity, a slit-lamp examination, measuring intraocular pressure, conducting a dilated fundus examination, OCTA imaging, and spectral-domain (SD)-OCT imaging...

BACKGROUND: To compare the choroidal thickness and vascular profile of premature infants with ROP (retinopathy of prematurity) using a handheld SD-OCT device. METHODS: We performed horizontal SD-OCT scans through the fovea in 115 eyes of 66 premature infants. Premature infants included 2 groups [infants with ROP requiring treatment (as treatment group) vs. infants without ROP or with ROP not- requiring treatment (as no-treatment group)] Choroidal thicknesses (CT) were measured at 5 points, including the fovea, 250 µm, and 500 µm mm nasal and temporal to the fovea...

PURPOSE: To investigate foveal changes in infants with ROP not requiring treatment(nROP) and ROP infants needing treatment (tROP) using a handheld SD-OCT device. METHOD: We performed horizontal SD-OCT scans through the fovea in 156 eyes of 81 infants diagnosed with ROP. Foveal immaturity indices including the presence of inner retinal layers (IRL), absence of foveal outer nuclear layers widening (ONL) and attenuation of hyperreflective outer segment layers (OS), presence and type of cystoid macular edema (CME), epiretinal membrane (ERM), foveal pit depth (FPD), foveal pit width (FPW) and central foveal thickness (CFT) were calculated...

BACKGROUND: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by focal serous detachment of the retina, primarily affecting the macula. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is the best choice for treatment of chronic and recurrent patients. In this study we aim to evaluate the early effects of the half dose protocol (3 mg/m2 verteporfine) of PDT laser treatment on the micro vasculature of choroid. METHODS: Among thirty-one patients (62 eyes), twenty eyes were in the control group and forty-two eyes received PDT laser treatment...

BACKGROUND: To report the first case of bull's eye maculopathy associated with veterinary niclosamide. CASE PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old Iranian female presented with a history of reduced vision and photopsia since 3 years, after accidental ingestion of four boluses of veterinary niclosamide. Fundus examination showed atrophy in parafoveal retinal pigmentary epithelium, appearing as bilateral bull's-eye maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography revealed disruption of the parafoveal ellipsoid zone and outer retinal thinning, appearing as a flying saucer sign...

Tamoxifen (TAM) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that is used in the treatment of breast cancer. As there are estrogen receptors in the retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid, these tissues may also be affected by TAM. We describe the reported effects of TAM on the retina and choroid. Medical databases were searched using relevant keywords and the results were extracted and pooled. The incidence of retinal/choroidal toxicity ranged from 0.9% to 12%. There was a wide range for the time of exposure before the development of TAM retinopathy (3 weeks to 13 years)...

The cornea is regarded as a sensitive organ to pain. Ketamine can effectively reduce postoperative neuropathic pain. We hypothesized that topical ketamine could mitigate postoperative corneal neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to determine whether topical ketamine is safe for cornea and evaluate its effect on the repair procedure the damaged corneal tissue. Our study was performed on only the right eyes of 15 male rats. All animals underwent general anesthesia and the whole corneal epithelium was removed...

BACKGROUND: Bietti crystalline dystrophy is primarily a retinal dystrophy caused by a CYP4V2 mutation and typically presents with crystalline retinal deposits in the posterior fundus. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of an otherwise healthy 39-year-old Iranian woman with no family history of ocular disease who suffered with progressive vision loss that had started 2 years prior to presentation. Ocular examination revealed blurry optic nerve head margin and diffuse retinal crystalline deposit in both eyes...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the additive effect of topical or sub-tenon injection of interferon (IFN)-α 2b in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema. METHODS: In this prospective study patients with center-involved DME who were unresponsive to 3 monthly consecutive IVB injections were recruited. Patients were divided into three groups: group1, received IFN- α 2b topical drop at a dose of 1mIU/ml four times a day for 3 months. Group 2, received a single sub-tenon injection of 1mIU/ml IFN- α 2b at the enrollment...

Purpose: To report the findings of fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in a patient with malignant hypertensive retinopathy. Case Report: A 41year-old male was referred to our clinic with sudden visual loss in both of his eyes after an acute rise of blood pressure (200/150 mmHg). Optic disc swelling, flame shape hemorrhages especially around the optic disc, arterial narrowing, vessel tortuosity, cotton wool spots, hard exudate deposition, and multiple deep orange spots (Elschnig spots) were visible in both eyes...

PURPOSE: The study aims to classify the eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) based on the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vascular density maps using a supervised machine learning algorithm. METHODS: OCTA vascular density maps (at superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and total retina (R) levels) of 148 eyes from 78 patients with diabetic retinopathy (45 PDR and 103 NPDR) was used to classify the images to NPDR and PDR groups based on a supervised machine learning algorithm known as the support vector machine (SVM) classifier optimized by a genetic evolutionary algorithm...

Purpose: To assess possible neurodevelopmental delay (NDD) following intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection in neonates with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, neurodevelopmental milestones in patients with a history of ROP and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection were compared with other gestations that received either no treatment or only a laser for treatment. Results: One hundred and twenty-five neonates (of 59 multi-gestation pregnancies) were included in this study (with the range of age 1-7 years old)...

To evaluate the relationship between non-cystic thickening of the macula on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal vascular leakage on fluorescein angiogram (FA) in patients with uveitis. A cross-sectional study of patients seen in the uveitis clinic. Patients with any degree of inflammatory cells in the anterior vitreous were included, provided that no macular cyst or subretinal fluid or macular atrophy was observed in OCT. The correlation between OCT features and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the degree of inflammation, and FA findings were examined...

This study was performed to utilize transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglion (SPG) block for pain reliving during panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy. This pre and post interventional study was performed on 20 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The first PRP treatment session of all the patients is performed with no transnasal SPG block, but before holding the second session, all the patients underwent transnasal SPG block and pain levels during and after PRP were compared to each other...

PURPOSE: To describe a case of presumed retinal lead poisoning. METHODS: Clinical examination, optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, and electroretinography were used to study a 42-year-old male with the complaint of bilateral reduced vision following systemic lead poisoning. RESULTS: The fundus examination showed venous tortuosity, as well as macular atrophy, and pigmentary changes in his both eyes...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of patient facial masks on the occurrence of post-intravitreal injection (IVI) endophthalmitis in a real-word setting. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort, patients receiving IVIs between 20 February 2019 and 20 February 2021; a 12-month period before the official beginning of COVID-19 epidemic in Iran and a 12-month period thereafter were included. In the pre-COVID era, patients underwent IVI without a facial mask while in the COVID era patients wore an untaped facial mask...