Nodules

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging and strain elastography in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nodules. METHODS: This study included 128 patients (104 female and 24 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 48 ± 11 years; range, 23-76 years) with 152 pathologically proven thyroid nodules. Conventional sonography, strain ratio (SR) of strain elastography, virtual touch tissue imaging (VTI) grade, and virtual touch tissue quantification (shear wave velocity [SWV]) from ARFI imaging data were generated for each nodule...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Although it is not rare for magnetic resonance imaging findings in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease to be asymmetric, unilateral clinical syndromes are uncommonly reported and may confound diagnosis. In addition, neurological paraneoplastic syndromes are not common in renal cell carcinoma, though there are cases reported, often without an offending antibody isolated. CASE REPORT: A 66-year-old man was admitted with 1 month of left-sided numbness and "loss of control" of the left arm...

The high incidence of metastasis accounts for most of the lethality of ovarian cancer. Invadopodia are small, specialized types of machinery that degrade the extracellular matrix and are thus involved in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. The formation of invadopodia is regulated by both genetic and epigenetic factors. However, the ways by which methylation/demethylation regulates the dynamics of invadopodia in ovarian cancer are largely unknown. In this study, we found that the inhibition of methylation by 5-AZ (5-Azacytidine) increased the formation of invadopodia and enhanced degradation of the extracellular matrix in ovarian cancer cells...

BACKGROUND: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a major periodontal pathogen that contains immunostimulatory components. Periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLSCs) are responsible for regeneration of the periodontium that is lost due to periodontitis. Pathologic factors within the microenvironment that impair resident PDLSCs are not well understood. The present study investigated in vitro the effects of Pg protein extract (PgPE) on the biological properties of CD105-enriched PDL progenitor cell populations (PDL-CD105(+) cells)...

In this study, we investigated the effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi on Helicoverpa armigera cellular immune responses. Nomuraea rileyi infection had no effect on total hemocyte count (THC), but impaired hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation responses. Nomuraea rileyi infection led to a significant reduction in hemocyte spreading. An in vitro assay revealed that plasma from N. rileyi infected H. armigera larvae suppressed the spreading ability of hemocytes from naïve larvae...

OBJECTIVES: To compare radiologists' performance reading CTs independently with their performance using radiographers as concurrent readers in lung cancer screening. METHODS: 369 consecutive baseline CTs performed for the UK Lung Cancer Screening (UKLS) trial were double-read by radiologists reading either independently or concurrently with a radiographer. In concurrent reading, the radiologist reviewed radiographer-identified nodules and then detected any additional nodules...

BACKGROUND: We report the first case to our knowledge of a patient with relapsed/refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma and liver failure with encephalopathy along with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infection, successfully treated with nivolumab without major side effects and encouraging prolonged disease control. CASE PRESENTATION: In December 2015, at the time of the patient's progression from his Hodgkin lymphoma after fourth line treatment, he developed persistent fevers, abdominal distension, jaundice and worsening of his liver function tests...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous polidocanol injection (PPI) in treating cystic thyroid nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 158 cystic or predominantly cystic thyroid nodules (>80% cystic component) in 143 patients were evaluated. 114 patients with compressive symptoms or aesthetic complaints were offered PPI. 44 individuals without compressive symptoms and aesthetic complaints who were only followed up clinically were used as the control group...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adiposity on the architecture and composition of hip OA subchondral bone, and to examine the pathological role of adipokines. Femoral heads were collected from normal-weight or over-weight/obese patients with hip OA. Structural parameters of subchondral bone were determined by MicroCT and type I collagen α1/α2 ratio was determined by SDS PAGE and by qRT-PCR in ex-vivo bone explants. The serum concentration of adipokines was determined by Luminex. The effect of resistin on primary OA osteoblasts was determined by analysis of Wnt pathway signal transduction, bone nodule formation, and osteoblast metabolic activity...

There is increasing evidence supporting the use of corticotropin as an alternative treatment of refractory proteinuric glomerulopathies. The efficacy of short-acting corticotropin, however, remains unknown and was tested here in an adolescent with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome caused by minimal change disease. After developing Cushing syndrome and recently being afflicted with severe cellulitis, the patient was weaned off all immunosuppressants, including corticosteroids. This resulted in a relapse of generalized anasarca, associated with massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia...

Dirofilariasis is a worldwide zoonotic infection that rarely affects humans and is caused by filarial nematodes of the genus Diroflaria transmitted by mosquitoes. Cutaneous dirofilariasis, due to D. repens, presents as inflammatory lesions that develop into subcutaneous nodules. These clinical symptoms may be consistent with Wells' cellulitis. Diagnosis of dirofilariasis involves demonstration of the presence of the nematode during skin biopsy and identification of the worm through macroscopic, histological and PCR analysis...

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to assess associations of pleural plaques (PP) and longitudinal lung function in vermiculite miners of Libby, Montana who are occupationally exposed to asbestos. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was used to identify asbestos-related findings in former Libby vermiculite miners. We investigated annual lung function decline in miners with PP only and compared them to miners with normal HRCT findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HRCTs from 128 miners were categorized into the following 4 diagnostic groups: (1) normal computed tomography scan (n = 9); (2) PP only (n = 72); (3) PP and interstitial fibrosis (n = 26) and (4) additional HRCT abnormalities (n = 21) such as rounded atelectasis, diffuse pleural thickening, pleural effusions or pulmonary nodules or tumor >1cm in diameter...

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a disease characterized by the development of painful, deep-seeded nodules and abscesses. Treatment guidelines include a combination of lifestyle, surgical, and medical interventions. Isotretinoin has not been included in the treatment guidelines due to the limited number of studies and conflicting reports of efficacy. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical response to isotretinoin in HS patients and to determine whether there is a particular patient population that may benefit more from this treatment...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Low-iodine intake has historically been an issue in China, causing widespread iodine deficiency diseases (IDD). China started to introduce universal salt iodization in 1995, but reports of increased thyroid disease are a concern and appropriate levels of iodine intake must be considered. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of thyroid disease with different urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in the general population of those residing in mainland China...

RATIONALE: Ectopic splenic autotransplantation refers to the heterotopic autotransplantation of splenic tissue and no treatment is necessary for it when patient is asymptomatic. Its incidence rate is reported up to 67% among patients with a history of splenic trauma and splenic surgery. The diagnosis of it before operation is really difficult, and it is easy to mimic as other tumors. PATIENT CONCERNS: We reported a 42-year-old man with hepatic splenosis, with history of splenectomy for traumatic splenic rupture 16 years ago and hepatitis B&C...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current review focuses on the uncertainty regarding the management of rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog RAS-positive thyroid nodules. The application of oncogene testing has been heralded for improving risk assessment for indeterminate cytology thyroid nodules and has grown in clinical use. RAS mutations are historically considered oncogenic. However, RAS mutation detection in thyroid nodules has proven problematic, as these mutations are found in benign and malignant lesions...

Some bacteria collectively known as rhizobia can establish symbiotic relationships and the N2-fixation process with several legumes used as green manure, in pastures and for wood production. Symbionts belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium are predominant in the tropics, and an increasing number of studies report high genetic diversity within the genus. We performed a polyphasic study with two strains belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium- SEMIA 6399T and SEMIA 6404-isolated from root nodules of Deguelia costata (syn...