Laminin

BACKGROUND: Discovering biological markers is essential for understanding and treating mental disorders. Despite the limitations of current non-invasive methods, neural progenitor cells from the olfactory epithelium (hNPCs-OE) have been emphasized as potential biomarker sources. This study measured soluble factors in these cells in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: We assessed thirty-five participants divided into MDD (n=14), BPD (n=14), and HC (n=7)...

Despite progress in bone tissue engineering, reconstruction of large bone defects remains an important clinical challenge. Here, we developed a biomaterial designed to recruit bone cells, endothelial cells, and neuronal fibers within the same matrix, enabling bone tissue regeneration. The bioactive matrix is based on modified elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) grafted with laminin-derived adhesion peptides IKVAV and YIGSR, and the SNA15 peptide for retention of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles. The composite matrix shows suitable porosity, interconnectivity, biocompatibility for endothelial cells, and the ability to support neurites outgrowth by sensory neurons...

Peripheral nerve injuries, caused by various reasons, often lead to severe sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction or permanent disability, posing a challenging problem in regenerative medicine. Autologous nerve transplantation has been the gold standard in traditional treatments but faces numerous limitations and risk factors, such as donor area denervation, increased surgical complications, and diameter or nerve bundle mismatches. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex molecular network synthesized and released into the extracellular space by cells residing in tissues or organs...

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to explore the involvement of interleukins (IL) - IL-6, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 - in the evolution and diagnosis of non-alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. METHODS: The study subjects were selected from the patients who visited the Department of Hepatology of X Hospital in Y City from August 2021 to April 2023. Peripheral blood samples were collected. All participants were divided into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatitis, and healthy subjects four groups...

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious multidrug resistant pathogen prevalent in healthcare facilities worldwide. Unveiling the mechanisms underlying biofilm formation, quorum sensing and antibiotic resistance can help in developing more effective therapy for S. aureus infection. There is a scarcity of literature addressing the genetic profiles and correlations of biofilm-associated genes, quorum sensing, and antibiotic resistance among S. aureus isolates from Malaysia. METHODS: Biofilm and slime production of 68 methicillin-susceptible S...

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a rare, incurable, devastating, and mostly fatal congenital genetic disorder characterized by painful blistering of the skin and mucous membranes in response to minor trauma or pressure. JEB is classified roughly into 2 subtypes: JEB-Herlitz is caused by mutations on genes encoding laminin-332. The authors present a patient consulted with a suspicion of primary immunodeficiency due to skin sores that started at the age of 1 month and a history of 3 siblings who died with similar sores, who was diagnosed with JEB-Herlitz after detecting a homozygous LAMC2 gene mutation in WES analysis...

Introduction: Aging induces functional and structural changes in the lung, characterized by a decline in elasticity and diminished pulmonary remodeling and regenerative capacity. Emerging evidence suggests that most biomechanical alterations in the lung result from changes in the composition of the lung extracellular matrix (ECM), potentially modulating the behavior of pulmonary cells and increasing the susceptibility to chronic lung diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the mechanical properties of the aged lung...

Deregulation of the relaxin family peptide system (RFPS) appears to increase the risk of range of cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). The present study examines the effect of relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) level on the biological properties of human epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma cells (OVCAR4 and SKOV3). RXFP1 was downregulated (RXFP1↓) in the cells using the RXFP1 sgRNA CRISPR All-in-One Lentivirus set (pLenti-U6-sgRNA-SFFV-Cas9-2A-Puro), and upregulated (RXFP1↑) using the RXFP1 CRISPRa sgRNA Lentivector (pLenti-U6-sgRNA-PGK-Neo) kit, which activates the RXFP1 gene when paired with dCas9-SAM...

Although oligodendrocytes (OLs) synthesize laminin-γ1, the most widely used γ subunit, its functional significance in the CNS remains unknown. To answer this important question, we generated a conditional knockout mouse line with laminin-γ1 deficiency in OL lineage cells (γ1-OKO). γ1-OKO mice exhibit weakness/paralysis and die by post-natal day 33. Additionally, they develop blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in the cortex and striatum. Subsequent studies reveal decreased major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2a expression and increased endothelial caveolae vesicles, but unaltered tight junction protein expression and tight junction ultrastructure, indicating a transcellular, rather than a paracellular, mechanism of BBB breakdown...

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The tissues or organs derived decellularized extracellular matrix carry immunogenicity and the risk of pathogen transmission, resulting in limited therapeutic effects. The cell derived dECM cultured in vitro can address these potential risks, but its impact on wound remodeling is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) extracted from adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in skin regeneration. Methods: ADSCs were extracted from human adipose tissue. Then we cultivated adipose-derived stem cell cells and decellularized ADSC-dECM for freeze-drying...

Low dissolved oxygen (LO) conditions represent a major environmental challenge to marine life, especially benthic animals. For these organisms, drastic declines in oxygen availability (hypoxic events) can trigger mass mortality events and thus, act as agents of selection influencing the evolution of adaptations. In sea cucumbers, one of the most successful groups of benthic invertebrates, the exposure to hypoxic conditions triggers adaptive adjustments in metabolic rates and behaviour. It is unclear, however, how these adaptive responses are regulated and the genetic mechanisms underpinning them...

Ischemic heart disease, a leading cause of death worldwide, manifests clinically as myocardial infarction. Contemporary therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivative (exosomes, EXOs) were developed to decrease the progression of cell damage during ischemic injury. Laminin alpha 2 (LAMA2) is an important extracellular matrix protein of the heart. Here, we generated MSC-derived exosomes cultivated under LAMA2 coating to enhance human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-cardiomyocyte recognition of LAMA2-EXOs, thus, increasing cell protection during ischemia reoxygenation...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The poor prognosis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is often attributed to neuronal apoptosis. Recent evidence suggests that Laminin subunit gamma 1 (LAMC1) is essential for cell survival and proliferation. However, the effects of LAMC1 on early brain injury after SAH and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The current study aimed to reveal the anti-neuronal apoptotic effect and the potential mechanism of LAMC1 in the rat and in the in vitro SAH models...

The 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR) was identified as the first laminin receptor shown to be involved in the carcinogenesis of various cancers, including colorectal cancer. While the exact composition of this 67 kDa receptor remains unknown, it has been reported to be formed by the 37 kDa ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) covalently attached to another unidentified protein. Our analysis of 67LR in colorectal cancer cell extracts showed the 67 kDa immunoreactive protein corresponding to 67LR in the soluble protein fraction, while some 37 kDa RPSA exhibited plasma membrane-like properties...

Cells assemble fibronectin, the major extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, into fibrillar matrices, which serve as 3D architectural scaffolds to provide, together with other ECM proteins tissue-specific environments. Although recent approaches enable to bioengineer 3D fibrillar fibronectin matrices in vitro, it remains elusive how fibronectin can be co-assembled with other ECM proteins into complex 3D fibrillar matrices that recapitulate tissue-specific compositions and cellular responses. Here, we introduce the engineering of fibrillar fibronectin-templated 3D matrices that can be complemented with other ECM proteins, including vitronectin, collagen, and laminin to resemble ECM architectures observed in vivo...

Chronic neuroinflammation is characterized by increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, leading to molecular changes in the central nervous system that can be explored with biomarkers of active neuroinflammatory processes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed to detecting lesions and permeability of the BBB. Ultra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) are used as contrast agents to improve MRI observations. Therefore, we validate the interaction of peptide-88 with laminin, vectorized on USPIO, to explore BBB molecular alterations occurring during neuroinflammation as a potential tool for use in MRI...

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and its development is affected in various ways by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), as the most important components of the TME, participate in the proliferation and metastasis of BC in several ways. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genes associated with tumor-derived MPCs and determine their effects on BC cells. METHODS: Tumor-derived MPCs and normal breast tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from tissues specimens of patients with BC...

Xenografts of human skeletal muscle generated in mice can be used to study muscle pathology and to test drugs designed to treat myopathies and muscular dystrophies for their efficacy and specificity in human tissue. We previously developed methods to generate mature human skeletal muscles in immunocompromised mice starting with human myogenic precursor cells (hMPCs) from healthy individuals and individuals with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Here, we examine a series of alternative treatments at each stage in order to optimize engraftment...

In obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein amount and composition of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) is often remodelled, likely altering tissue stiffness. The underlying mechanism of how human ASM cell (hASMC) mechanosenses the aberrant microenvironment is not well understood. Physiological stiffnesses of the ASM were measured by uniaxial compression tester using porcine ASM layers under 0, 5 and 10% longitudinal stretch above in situ length...