alireza peyman

PURPOSE: Image artefacts continue to pose challenges in clinical molecular imaging, resulting in misdiagnoses, additional radiation doses to patients and financial costs. Mismatch and halo artefacts occur frequently in gallium-68 (68 Ga)-labelled compounds whole-body PET/CT imaging. Correcting for these artefacts is not straightforward and requires algorithmic developments, given that conventional techniques have failed to address them adequately. In the current study, we employed differential privacy-preserving federated transfer learning (FTL) to manage clinical data sharing and tackle privacy issues for building centre-specific models that detect and correct artefacts present in PET images...

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head typically occurs in the young population. Core decompression in the precollapse stage provides pain relief and preservation of the femoral head. The results of core decompression vary considerably despite the early diagnosis. Clinicians concur that primary treatment should focus on preserving the natural surface of the joint. This study investigated the predictive risk factors of failure in femoral head decompression. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 135 patients and 207 hips (77 male (127 hips) and 58 female (80 hips)) who underwent core decompression (mean age: 34...

BACKGROUND: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign neoplasm with a broad spectrum of presentations. The treatment of FD in the hip region is controversial among orthopedic surgeons. Several treatment options exist, including curettage and grafting, valgus osteotomy, medial displacement osteotomy, and so on. Performing total hip arthroplasty (THA) on these patients and their subsequent outcome is still in infancy. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 32-year-old white female with bilateral proximal femur FD who underwent bilateral THA with long stem implants...

PURPOSE: We compared early and late physiotherapy for patients with small and medium size rotator cuff tears following arthroscopic repair. METHODS: A single-centre, single-blinded, prospective parallel RCT was performed with two arms: early physiotherapy (start within the first week) versus late physiotherapy (start 4 weeks after surgery). Patients with small- to medium-sized isolated full-thickness superior rotator cuff tears were included and followed for 12 months...

Drug addiction as a problem for the health of the individual and the society is the result of a complex process in which there is an interaction between brain nuclei and neurotransmitters (such as glutamate). β-lactam antibiotics, due to their enhancing properties on the glutamate transporter glutamate transporter-1, can affect and counteract the addictive mechanisms of drugs through the regulation of extracellular glutamate. Since glutamate is a key neurotransmitter in the development of drug addiction, it seems that β-lactams can be considered as a promising treatment for addiction...

CASE: In this report, we present a case of acute patellar dislocation with both vertical and longitudinal rotation of the patella. As a result of rotation in the longitudinal axis, the articular surface of the patella faced outward, and the dorsal surface faced the femoral condyle. The patient underwent open reduction. One year after open reduction and soft-tissue repair, the patient had acceptable knee function and no knee pain. CONCLUSION: This case shows how similar cases may be treated with an open reduction to properly address the patellar dislocation...

OBJECTIVE: Considering the growing use of emergency medical services (EMS), we evaluated the level of public awareness of emergency situations in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2023 on Iranian residents in Tehran, who were older than 18 years old. The participants were directed to a URL for an online survey link and asked to select their preferred options for the predetermined scenarios. We divided the participants into three groups: abuse, misuse, and non-use...

BACKGROUND: Automatic segmentation of the choroid on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images helps ophthalmologists in diagnosing eye pathologies. Compared to manual segmentations, it is faster and is not affected by human errors. The presence of the large speckle noise in the OCT images limits the automatic segmentation and interpretation of them. To solve this problem, a new curvelet transform-based K-SVD method is proposed in this study. Furthermore, the dataset was manually segmented by a retinal ophthalmologist to draw a comparison with the proposed automatic segmentation technique...

Glanders is the oldest and very contagious disease among horses caused by Burkholderia mallei. The disease occurs as a chronic form in horses. Hence, because of the prolonged shedding, numerous horses can potentially get infected by one horse with glanders. Glanders is endemic in Iran and this causes occasional occurrence in horse population of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of B.mallei infection in horses in two central provinces of Iran. A total of 517 serum samples were collected from stable horses in Tehran and Alborz provinces...

The average survival of patients with glioblastoma is 12-15 months. Therefore, finding a new treatment method is important, especially in cases that show resistance to treatment. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have characteristics and capabilities that can be proposed as a new cancer treatment method with low side effects. This research examines the antitumor effect of ELF-EMF on U87 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines. Flowcytometry determined the viability/apoptosis and distribution of cells in different phases of the cell cycle...

Functional disorders represent a prevalent health issue, significantly impacting both individuals and healthcare systems. This multidisciplinary dataset aims to enhance our comprehension of the complex interplay among various factors that contribute to functional somatic syndromes. The dataset comprises data from seemingly healthy adults (aged 18-65) in Isfahan, Iran, who were randomly selected and monitored for four consecutive years. The research data encompasses seven distinct datasets: (a) functional symptom evaluations across multiple body organs, (b) psychological assessments, (c) lifestyle factors, (d) demographic and socioeconomic variables, (e) laboratory measurements, (f) clinical examinations, and (g) historical information...

Introduction: Tracheal intubation is used for most operations under general anesthesia. Prolonged hyperinflation of the tube cuff can compromise tracheal mucosal perfusion, and low pressure of the cuff may cause some other complications. The aim of this study was the evaluation of changes in intra-cuff pressure in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries under cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: In an observational study 120 patient's candidate to cardiac operations under cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled. After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation by same tracheal tubes, tracheal tube cuff pressure was adjusted to 20-25 mm Hg (T0)...

Our objective was to determine the prevalence of osteomalacia in low-energy hip fracture patients over the age of 45, based on biochemical and histological measures. This cross-sectional study included 72 patients over 45 with low-energy mechanism hip fractures. Samples of fasting venous blood were taken for hemograms and serum biochemistry analyses. Bicortical biopsies of the iliac crest were obtained, processed, and evaluated by an expert pathologist for osteomalacia. Biochemical osteomalacia (b-OM) is defined according to a distinct criterion...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Though COVID-19 vaccination saved many lives all around the world, it has had many adverse effects including ophthalmologic side effects. It is important to report such adverse effects to provide timely diagnosis and management. ABSTRACT: Since the COVID-19 global outbreak, many types of vaccines have been introduced. These vaccines have been associated with some adverse effects including ocular manifestations. Herein, we report a case of a patient who developed nodular scleritis shortly after receiving the first and second doses of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, Sinopharm...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Aluminum phosphide poisoning may cause rare visual impairment. In a case, a 31-year-old female, visual loss was linked to shock-induced hypoperfusion, causing oxygen lack and cerebral atrophy, emphasizing the need for identifying atypical symptoms. ABSTRACT: This case report describes the multidisciplinary evaluation of a 31-year-old female patient who suffered from visual impairment as a result of aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning. Phosphine, which is formed in the body when AlP reacts with water, cannot cross the blood-brain barrier; therefore, visual impairment seems unlikely to be the direct result of phosphine...

Recent studies have shown that non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (NIEMFs) in a specific frequency, intensity, and exposure time can have anti-cancer effects on various cancer cells; however, the underlying precise mechanism of action is not transparent. Most cancer deaths are due to metastasis. This important phenomenon plays an inevitable role in different steps of cancer including progression and development. It has different stages including invasion, intravasation, migration, extravasation, and homing...

PURPOSE: Pelvic obliquity (PO) has not been extensively investigated, and there is no gold standard for measurement. The PO is essential for surgeons in planning hip arthroplasty, which includes the restoration of leg length discrepancy (LLD). We aimed to establish a normative range of PO angles by measuring healthy individuals without musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS: Our study included 134 consecutive cases (70 females) referred to our institution between April 2020 and September 2021 for non-orthopedic problems...

The role of inflammation has been proven in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathogenesis. Due to the effect of NLRP3 gene expression in the inflammation process of MI, we aimed to explore the expression changes and diagnostic power of four inflammation-related miRNAs including miR-17-3p, miR-101-3p, miR-335-3p, miR-296-3p and their potential target, NLRP3, in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) patients as two major classes of AMI. The expression level of these genes were evaluated in 300 participants equally divided into three groups of STEMI, NSTEMI, and control using quantitative real-time PCR...

UNLABELLED: In this article, we want to present a floating shoulder case accompanied by a scapular surgical neck fracture and review the literature about its diagnosis and management. CASE PRESENTATION: Our patient was a 40-year-old man who suffered a severe left shoulder injury as a result of a car-to-pedestrian accident. Computed tomography scan revealed a scapular surgical neck and body fracture, a spinal pillar fracture, and a dislocation of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint...

BACKGROUND: Following personalized medicine and the development of e-publishing, a large number of case report-dedicated journals have emerged. But the lack of integrated guidelines is a major obstacle to the quality of this evidence. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reporting requirements of case report-dedicated journals to update and strengthen the CARE guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantitative and qualitative research approach has been done using the content analysis method...