Cartilage graft

OBJECTIVES: Chronic otitis media (COM) remains a global disease, a burden, and a challenge. Predicting its treatment's postoperative success based on clinical presentation has not been reported, particularly for the mucosal (tubotympanic/safe) type. METHODS:  A prospective descriptive study of patients with mucosal-type COM was done to identify clinical predictors of improved postoperative hearing outcomes and successful graft uptakes. RESULTS: Among the 110 ears studied, tympanoplasty was performed in 76 and cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty in 34, based on six weeks of discharge-free or persistent discharge, respectively; all were treated with postoperative intranasal steroid spray...

BACKGROUND: Autogenous costal cartilage becomes a favorable choice for nasal reconstruction and complicated aesthetic rhinoplasty, due to its ample supply, sufficient for most patients. However, a notable drawback is the potential for warping. Our study aims to identify cutting planes that minimize warping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seven costal cartilage grafts were obtained by slicing the extracted costal cartilages from 10 fresh cadavers, along three main planes: cephalocaudal, anteroposterior, and parallel to the synchondrosis plane...

Integra® (Integra LifeSciences) is a well-known dermal regeneration template used in partial and full-thickness wound reconstruction. It can be applied directly on to vascular tissue to create a bed for a skin graft, which is often placed in a second surgery. We present our experience of its novel use in oral and maxillofacial surgery patients, using it directly on bone and cartilage (avascular tissue) without further skin grafting. Patients who required full-thickness excision of lesions down to bone or cartilage and who were treated using Integra® were included...

Osteoarthritis (OA), primarily characterized by the deterioration of articular cartilage, is a highly prevalent joint-disabling disease. The pathological onset and progression of OA are closely related to cartilage lubrication dysfunction and synovial inflammation. Synergistic options targeted at restorative lubrication and anti-inflammation are expected to be the most attractive candidates to treat OA and perhaps help prevent it. Herein, a bioinspired lubricant (HA/PA@Lipo) was fabricated by combining anionic hyaluronan- graft -poly(2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt) (HA/PA) with cationic liposomes (Lipo) via electrostatic interaction...

Objective: The objective of this study was to endoscopically evaluate the graft healing process and graft success rate following cartilage myringoplasty, without trimming of the perforation margin or external ear canal (EAC) packing. Material and Methods: Patients with chronic tympanic membrane (TM) perforation underwent endoscope cartilage underlay myringoplasty, without trimming perforation margin or EAC packing. The healing process of the cartilage graft and the graft success rate were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively...

The apparent lack of quadrangular cartilage in Black African noses is commonly observed both from a radiological and clinical point of view. To the best of our knowledge only a few research papers has been conducted on the facial proportions and structural anatomy of black people of Southern and Eastern Africa. The aim of this retrospective comparative study is a radiological assessment of the total amount of septal quadrangular cartilage by measuring its area in sagittal CT views, in two selected Black South African (SA) and Caucasian (CA) samples and the comparison with the literature in our hands...

Articular cartilage defects pose a significant challenge due to the limited self-healing ability of cartilage. However, traditional techniques face limitations including autologous chondrocyte expansion issues. This study aims to investigate the effects of collagen-surface modified polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres (CPLGA) loaded with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on two cell types and the regeneration potential of articular cartilage. PLGA microspheres are fabricated using an emulsification-solvent evaporation method, followed by surface grafting of type II collagen through the Steglich reaction...

The most widely accepted surgical management of a traumatized interphalangeal joint of the thumb is arthrodesis. However, in certain situations, specific functional and vocational demands require preserved movement at this joint. In the present case report, we describe harvesting the second toe proximal phalanx head as an osteochondral bone graft to recontour the proximal aspect of the thumb interphalangeal joint. The post-operative hand therapy regimen is described resulting in a pain-free functional range of motion...

Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) is a 2-step technique designed to treat symptomatic full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the knee. In this technique article, MACI (autologous cultured chondrocytes on porcine collagen membrane) is used to treat a femoral trochlear defect of the knee. Treating a defect with this technique leads to improved clinical outcomes by restoring the native chondral surface architecture and biomechanics of the knee. In addition, it has the potential to prevent or delay further progressive degeneration of the joint...

BACKGROUND: Septorhinoplasty is one the most common class of procedures performed worldwide, and opioids are frequently prescribed for post-operative pain [1]. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the rate of post-operative opioid prescription refills following septorhinoplasty. METHODS: This study was a case-control study of patients who underwent septoplasty and other secondary concomitant procedures. RESULTS: Of the 249 patients included in this study, the majority of patients (94...

BACKGROUND: After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) athletes face the challenge of regaining their previous competitive level while avoiding re-injury and early knee joint cartilage degeneration. Quadriceps and hamstrings strength reductions and neuromuscular alterations potentially related to risk of re-injury are present after ACLR and relate to deficits in muscle activation. DESIGN: Cross-sectional laboratory study. PURPOSE: To examine quadriceps and hamstrings muscle activation during repeated hops in healthy pivoting-sport athletes and those who had undergone ACLR (bone-tendon-bone and semitendinosus graft) who had met functional criteria allowing return to training...

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of two surgical procedures, autologous patellar tendon graft reconstruction and trans-tibial plateau pull-out repair, using a pig model. The primary focus was to assess the repair capability of medial meniscus posterior portion (MMPP) deficiency, the overall structural integrity of the meniscus, and protection of the femoral and tibial cartilage between the two surgical groups. The overall aim was to provide experimental guidelines for clinical research using these findings...

When large defects of the nose are present, it is imperative to address all 3 layers: the external skin envelope, the osteocartilaginous support, and the inner mucosal lining. The middle structural framework is the primary factor in determining the overall shape of the nose, in addition to facilitating a functional and patent airway. As such, its reconstruction must be robust enough to provide lasting osteocartilaginous support while minimizing disfiguring bulk. The goal is replacement of missing tissue with grafts of similar strength, size, and shape...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of arthroplasty using interpositional cartilage allografts in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrosis. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study included patients treated consecutively between 2007 and 2013 using discectomy and interpositional grafting with lyophilized costal cartilage allograft (Tutoplast) sheets. TMJ pain based on the visual analogue scale (VAS), maximal interincisal opening (MIO), joint tenderness to palpation, crepitus from the affected joint, and postoperative complications were assessed...

BACKGROUND: Suprastomal collapse (SSC) is considered a major late complication of paediatric tracheostomy and can be responsible for decannulation failure in up to 20% of tracheostomised children. Depending on the severity of SSC, surgery may be required. Various strategies and techniques are available, of which the treating with airway team should be aware. OBJECTIVE: This article intends to summarise the aetiology of SSC, its classification, clinical presentation, and the gold standard diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms according to the current literature...

Auricle is the outward visible part of ear and composed of skin and cartilage. Auricle due to its standout and projected position is more vulnerable to get injured and cause distortion of the facial aesthetics. Reconstruction of the ear defect should be individualized depending on the defect size, location, nearby skin, patient requirement and surgeon experience. To present the results of various reconstructive options for partial ear defect which will aid in decision making among reconstructive options available...

BACKGROUND: Full thickness defects of the ala, soft triangle, and nasal tip involving the nasal lining have traditionally been repaired with the three-stage folded paramedian forehead flap (FPFF), with a cartilage graft for support. For similar defects, the authors utilize the two-stage FPFF without cartilaginous support which provides reproducible functional and aesthetic results.  Objective: To describe the authors’ experience with the two-stage FPFF, including outcomes, complications, and design modifications to enhance functional and aesthetic success...

PURPOSE: To examine the factors that affect graft healing after laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January-2008 and October-2023. We included all patients who underwent LTR and required anterior and/or posterior graft placement, while those who underwent procedures without graft placement and those with incomplete information were excluded. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients were analyzed...

The reconstruction of posterior lamellar eyelid defects remains a significant challenge in clinical practice due to anatomical complexity, specialized function, and aesthetic concerns. The ideal substitute for the posterior lamellar should replicate the native tarsoconjunctival tissue, providing both mechanical support for the eyelids and a smooth surface for the globe after implantation. In this study, we present an innovative approach utilizing tissue-engineered cartilage (TEC) grafts generated from rabbit auricular chondrocytes and a commercialized type I collagen sponge to reconstruct critical-sized posterior lamellar defects in rabbits...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common sports injury, which causes knee instability and abnormal joint kinematics. The current ACL graft was single-phasic, and not convenient for the formation of enthesis-like tissue in the bone tunnel, resulting in poor integration of graft-to-bone. METHODS: A band-shaped acellular tendon (BAT) was prepared as the core component of the ACL reconstruction graft at first, while sleeve-shaped acellular cartilage (SAC) or sleeve-shaped acellular bone (SAB) was fabricated using a vacuum aspiration system (VAS)-based decellularization protocol...