carbs

The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of three similar compounds are reported. Methyl 4-[4-(di-fluoro-meth-oxy)phen-yl]-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carboxyl-ate, (C21 H23 F2 NO4 ), ( I ), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C 2/ c with Z = 8, while isopropyl 4-[4-(di-fluoro-meth-oxy)phen-yl]-2,6,6-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carb-oxyl-ate, (C23 H27 F2 NO4 ), ( II ) and tert -butyl 4-[4-(di-fluoro-meth-oxy)phen-yl]-2,6,6-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexa-hydro-quinoline-3-carboxyl-ate, (C24 H29 F2 NO4 ), ( III ) crystallize in the ortho-rhom-bic space group Pbca with Z = 8...

The crystal structure of the title compound {systematic name: (4 S ,4a S ,5a R ,12a R )-4,7-bis-(di-methyl-amino)-9-[(2,2-di-methyl-propyl-amino)-meth-yl]-1,10,11,12a-tetra-hydroxy-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetra-hydro-4 H -tetra-cene-2-carb-oxamide dihydrate, C29 H40 N4 O7 ·2H2 O} has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data: it crystallizes in space group R 3 with a = 24.34430 (7), c = 14.55212 (4) Å, V = 7468.81 (2) Å3 and Z = 9...

UNLABELLED: Context The amount of consumed carbohydrates is the strongest factor influencing glucose levels during the four hours following a meal. Our aim was to evaluate the association between carbohydrate counting knowledge and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using different insulin regimens. METHOD: In this multicenter prospective study, the GluciQuizz questionnaire was used to evaluate carbohydrate knowledge...

INTRODUCTION: Excessive consumption of comfort foods, which are mostly high in carbs, and limitations on outdoor and gym-based physical activities, for instance, are associated with foods high in the glycemic index and raise the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In pandemic and or epidemic situations, peoples' lifestyles may change significantly to lead them to non-communicable diseases. However, lifestyle changes and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic among adults have not been well established in Tanzania...

BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate counting (CC) and meal announcements, prior to eating, introduce a significant burden for individuals managing type 1 diabetes (T1D). An automated insulin delivery (AID) system with automatic bolusing that eliminates the need for CC and pre-meal bolusing (i.e., a hands-free closed-loop system) was assessed in a feasibility trial of adults with T1D. METHODS: The system included the MiniMed™ 780G pump and a smartphone-paired smartwatch with the Klue application (Klue, Inc...

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women, characterised by reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. While dietary approaches have been evaluated as a first-line treatment for patients with PCOS, there is limited evidence to support preference for a specific dietary composition. This systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed with the objective of comparing different dietary interventions in terms of positive impact. Metformin, the currently preferred treatment, was also compared...

The impact of integrated nutrient management seems crucial for the sustainability of crop production as revealed by studies on long-term experiments. It provided the opportunity to monitor long-term variations in crop yields and associated factors. The impacts of various nutrient management strategies on yields and soil attributes in a rice-wheat system have been researched under a long-term experiment that has been running since 1983 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Further, a positive correlation has been observed between crop yields and soil properties such as soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn)...

Antivirulence agents are considered a promising strategy to treat bacterial infections. Fluoropyrimidines possess antivirulence and antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative bacteria; however, their mechanism of action is yet unknown. Consistent with their known antibiofilm activity, fluoropyrimidines, particularly 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), impair curli-dependent surface adhesion by Escherichia coli MG1655 via downregulation of curli fimbriae gene transcription. Curli inhibition requires fluoropyrimidine conversion into fluoronucleotides and is not mediated by c -di-GMP or the ymg-rcs envelope stress response axis, previously suggested as the target of fluorouracil antibiofilm activity in E...

OBJECTIVE: The 2014 US National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (CARB) aimed to reduce inappropriate inpatient antibiotic use by 20% for monitored conditions, such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), by 2020. We evaluated annual trends in length of therapy (LOT) in adults hospitalized with uncomplicated CAP from 2013 through 2020. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among adults with a primary diagnosis of bacterial or unspecified pneumonia using International Classification of Diseases Ninth and Tenth Revision codes in MarketScan and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services databases...

ARTIFICIAL PER: and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely distributed in the environment and are potentially harmful to human health. This study assessed the matrix effect of different shellfish on LC-MS analysis and the recoveries of PFASs in purified extracts purified by adding ENVI-Carb graphitized carbon black. Total 76 samples were collected from coastal cities of the Bohai Sea and South China Sea in China. Results showed that the signal response of perfluorocarboxylic acid increased with the length of fluorocarbon chains...

Diacylhydrazine bridged anthranilic acids with aryl and heteroaryl domains have been synthesized as the open flexible scaffold of arylamide quinazolinones in order to investigate flexibility versus rigidity towards DNA photocleavage and sensitivity. Most of the compounds have been synthesized via the in situ formation of their anthraniloyl chloride and subsequent reaction with the desired hydrazide and were obtained as precipitates, in moderate yields. All compounds showed high UV-A light absorption and are eligible for DNA photocleavage studies under this "harmless" irradiation...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, catena -poly[[[aqua-bis-(pyridine-κ N )cadmium(II)]-μ2 -4,4'-(1 H -1,2,4-triazole-3,5-di-yl)dibenzoato-κ4 O , O ': O '', O '''] 4.5-hydrate], {[Cd(C16 H9 N3 O4 )(C5 H5 N)2 (H2 O)]·4.5H2 O} n or {[Cd(bct)(py)2 (H2 O)]·4.5H2 O} n ( I ), consists of a Cd2+ cation coordinated to one bct2- carboxyl-ate dianion, two mol-ecules of pyridine and a water mol-ecule as well as four and a half water mol-ecules of crystallization. The metal ion in I possesses a penta-gonal-bipyramidal environment with the four O atoms of the two bidentately coordinated carboxyl-ate groups and the N atom of a pyridine mol-ecule forming the O4 N equatorial plane, while the N atom of another pyridine ligand and the O atom of the water mol-ecule occupy the axial positions...

Decades of overfishing have greatly altered the community structure in the East China Sea (ECS). The decrease of top predators in the food web has weakened the control exerted from higher trophic levels. As a result, the biomass of benthic crustaceans, representing the third trophic level, has increased. This has probably led to a restriction of the second trophic level, diminishing its ability to control primary producer biomass. Consequently, the ecological pyramid of trophic levels in the ECS has been altered, reducing the top-down control on the first trophic level...

The title compound (systematic name: rac -2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid), C5 H10 O3 , is the constitutional isomer of α-hy-droxy-butanoic acid. In the crystal, hydrogen bonds involving the alcoholic hydroxyl group give rise to centrosymmetric dimers that are extended to sheets perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis.

The manganese title complex, [Mn(C7 H5 N2 O4 )2 (C7 H6 N2 O4 )2 (H2 O)2 ]·2H2 O, is one of the first 4-amino 3-nitro-benzoic acid (4 A3NBA) monoligand metal complexes to be synthesized. It crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P 21 / n with the complex mol-ecules located on inversion centers. Four 4 A3NBA ligand mol-ecules are monodentately coordinated by the Mn2+ ion through the carb-oxy-lic oxygen atoms while the other two positions of the inner coordination sphere are occupied by water mol-ecules, giving rise to a distorted octa-hedron, and two water mol-ecules are in the outer coordination sphere...

Introduction: Resistance to carbapenems in Enterobacteriaceae is a challenge for public health. Carbapenemase production is the leading mechanism. This work aims to evaluate four phenotypic methods for carbapenemase detection in comparison with a molecular method. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven nonrepeating Enterobacteriaceae strains with decreased susceptibility to ertapenem were included. Imipenem MIC, Modified Hodge Test (MHT), Neo-Rapid Carb Kit® and KPC, MBL, and OXA-48 Confirm Kit® were performed...

In the title compound, C22 H19 NO5 S·C2 D6 OS, the central six-membered ring has a slightly distorted boat conformation, while the fused pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation. These conformations are stabilized by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the main compound and solvent mol-ecules. In addition, intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in the main mol-ecule form two S (6) rings. Mol-ecules are connected by pairs of inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with a R 2 2 (8) motif...

The title compound, [Cu(H L )2 (H2 O)2 ] or [Cu(C4 H4 N3 O2 )2 (H2 O)2 ], is a mononuclear octa-hedral CuII complex based on 5-methyl-1 H -1,2,4-triazole-3-carb-oxy-lic acid (H2 L ). [Cu(H L )2 (H2 O)2 ] was synthesized by reaction of H2 L with copper(II) nitrate hexa-hydrate (2:1 stoichiometric ratio) in water under ambient conditions to produce clear light-blue crystals. The central Cu atom exhibits an N2 O4 coordination environment in an elongated octa-hedral geometry provided by two bidentate H L - anions in the equatorial plane and two water mol-ecules in the axial positions...

Two new copper dimers, namely, bis-(dimethyl sulfoxide)-tetra-kis-(μ-pyrene-1-carboxyl-ato)dicopper( Cu - Cu ), [Cu2 (C17 H9 O2 )4 (C2 H6 OS)2 ] or [Cu2 (pyr-COO- )4 (DMSO)2 ] ( 1 ), and bis-(di-methyl-formamide)-tetra-kis-(μ-pyrene-1-carboxyl-ato)dicopper( Cu - Cu ), [Cu2 (C17 H9 O2 )4 (C3 H7 NO)2 ] or [Cu2 (pyr-COO- )4 (DMF)2 ] ( 2 ) (pyr = pyrene), were synthesized from the reaction of pyrene-1-carb-oxy-lic acid, copper(II) nitrate and tri-ethyl-amine from solvents DMSO and DMF, respectively...

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been shown to reduce anxiety and enhance cognitive functions. However, the sex-specific effects of KD on anxiety-like behavior and the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to these effects, including neuroinflammation, are unelucidated. This study investigated the sex-specific effects of KD on anxiety-like behavior and the neuroimmune response in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of male and female C57BL/6J mice. Animals were fed either a control diet (CD- 17% fat, 65% carb, 18% protein) or a KD (80% fat, 5% carb, 15% protein) for four weeks...