Urine metabolic screen

BACKGROUND: Intestinal bacteria significantly contribute to the metabolism of intestinal epithelial tissues. As the occurrence and development of radiation enteritis (RE) depend on the "co-metabolism" microenvironment formed by the host and intestinal microbiota, which involves complex influencing factors and strong correlations, ordinary techniques struggle to fully explain the underlying mechanisms. However, given that it is based on systems biology, metabolomics analysis is well-suited to address these issues...

Newborn screening is a major public health concern. In France, it was established in 1972 with systematic screening for phenylketonuria. Subsequently, other screenings, including congenital hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, cystic fibrosis, and sickle cell disease, were added. The introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in screening laboratories in 2020 enabled the inclusion of eight additional inherited metabolic diseases: aminoacidopathies (tyrosinemia type I, maple syrup urine disease, and homocystinuria), organic acidurias (isovaleric and glutaric type I acidurias), and disorders of fatty acid metabolism (MCADD, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD), and primary carnitine deficiency)...

Objective: The prevalence of asthma has gradually increased worldwide in recent years, which has made asthma a global public health problem. However, due to its complexity and heterogeneity, there are a few academic debates on the pathogenic mechanism of asthma. The study of the pathogenesis of asthma through metabolomics has become a new research direction. We aim to uncover the metabolic pathway of children with asthma. Methods: Liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic analysis was conducted to compare urine metabolic profiles between asthmatic children (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 10)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is a scarcity of data stemming from large-scale epidemiological longitudinal studies focusing on potentially preventable and controllable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD). This study aimed to examine the effect of multiple metabolic factors and cardiovascular disorders on the risk of cognitive decline and AD/ADRD. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 6,440 participants aged 45-84 years at baseline...

Since the 2000s, an increasing number of new psychoactive substances have appeared on the illicit drug market. β-keto-arylcyclohexylamine compounds play important pharmacological roles in anesthesia; however, because these new psychoactive substances have rapidly increasing illicit recreational use, the lack of detailed toxicity data are of particular concern. Therefore, analysis of their metabolites can help forensic personnel provide references and suggestions on whether a suspect has taken an illicit new psychoactive β-keto-arylcyclohexylamine...

Infertility presents a widespread challenge for many families worldwide, often arising from various gynecological diseases (GDs) that hinder successful pregnancies. Current diagnostic methods for GDs have disadvantages such as low efficiency, high cost, misdiagnose, invasive injury and etc. This paper introduces a rapid, non-invasive, efficient, and straightforward analytical method that utilizes desorption, separation, and ionization mass spectrometry (DSI-MS) platform in conjunction with machine learning (ML) to detect urine metabolite fingerprints in patients with different GDs...

High-throughput biofluid metabolomics analysis for screening life-threatening diseases is urgently needed. However, the high salt content of biofluid samples, which introduces severe interference, can greatly limit the analysis throughput. Here, a new 3-D interconnected hierarchical superstructure, namely a "plasmonic gold-on-silica (Au/SiO2 ) double-layered aerogel", integrating distinctive features of an upper plasmonic gold aerogel with a lower inert silica aerogel was successfully developed to achieve in situ separation and storage of inorganic salts in the silica aerogel, parallel enrichment of metabolites on the surface of the functionalized gold aerogel, and direct desorption/ionization of enriched metabolites by the photo-excited gold aerogel for rapid, sensitive, and comprehensive metabolomics analysis of human serum/urine samples...

Over the past few decades, anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) have been abused in and out of competition for their performance-enhancing and muscle-building properties. Traditionally, AASs were commonly detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the initial testing procedure for doping control purposes. Gas chromatography-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap-HRMS) is a new technology that has many advantages in comparison with GC-MS (e.g., a maximum resolving power of 240,000 (FWHM at m/z 200), excellent sub-ppm mass accuracy, and retrospective data analysis after data acquisition)...

BACKGROUND: A broadened clinical spectrum of concomitant complications emerges among the escalating incidence of substance use, particularly within the 'chemsex' context. This case exemplifies the profound neurotoxic repercussions and neurological risk of chemsex in a young HIV-positive male and addresses the multifaceted challenges of such evolving paradigms in substance utilization. CLINICAL FINDING: After consuming cannabis, poppers, methamphetamine, and cocaine, a 28-year-old HIV-positive male exhibited significant neurological and cognitive impairment...

Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) is one of the major organophosphate flame retardants present in the indoor and outdoor environment. Knowledge of biotransformation pathways is important to elucidate potential bioavailability and toxicity of TCIPP and to identify relevant biomarkers. This study aimed to identify TCIPP metabolites through in vitro human metabolism assays and finally to confirm these findings in urine samples from an occupationally exposed population to propose new biomarkers to accurately monitor exposure to TCIPP...

The severe respiratory dysfunctions associated with acute lung injury (ALI) and its sequelae have a high morbidity and mortality rate, are multifactorial, and lack a viable treatment. Considering the critical function that amino acids and derivatives play in the genesis of illnesses and the regulation of metabolic processes, monitoring the levels of metabolites associated with amino acids in biological matrices is necessary and interesting to study their pathological mechanisms. Exploring the dynamics of amino acids and derivatives level and searching for biomarkers provides improved clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of ALI...

Wildlife conservation is often challenged by a lack of knowledge about the reproduction biology and adaptability of endangered species. Although monitoring steroids and related molecules can increase this knowledge, the applicability of current techniques (e.g. immunoassays) is hampered by species-specific steroid metabolism and the requisite to avoid invasive sampling. This study presents a validated steroidomics method for the (un)targeted screening of a wide range of sex and stress steroids and related molecules in urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-lasting metabolic non-communicable disease often characterized by an increase in the level of glucose in the blood or hyperglycemia. Approximately, 415 million people between the ages of 20 and 79 years had DM in 2015 and this figure will rise by 200 million by 2040. In a study conducted by CARRS, it's been found that in Delhi the prevalence of diabetes is around 27% and for prediabetic cases, it is more than 46%. The disease DM can be both short-term and long-term and is often associated with one or more diseases like cardiovascular disease, liver disorder, or kidney malfunction...

Metabolic changes precede malignant histology. However, it remains unclear whether detectable characteristic metabolome exists in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and biofluids for early diagnosis. Here, we conduct NMR- and MS-based metabolomics on 1,153 matched ESCC tissues, normal mucosae, pre- and one-week post-operative sera and urines from 560 participants across three hospitals, with machine learning and WGCNA. Aberrations in 'alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism' proved to be prevalent throughout the ESCC evolution, consistently identified by NMR and MS, and reflected in 16 serum and 10 urine metabolic signatures in both discovery and validation sets...

To analyze the metabolites (blood, urine and feces) in normal rats after intragastric administration of the decoction of Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex (PAC) and to map the metabolic profile of PAC in vivo of rat; meanwhile, to evaluate the anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effect of PAC by blood metabolomics technique and to explore its mechanism. Performing on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology with a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH-C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0...

Environmental contamination through direct contact, ingestion and inhalation are common routes of children's exposure to chemicals, in which through indoor and outdoor activities associated with common hand-to-mouth, touching objects, and behavioral tendencies, children can be susceptible and vulnerable to organic contaminants in the environment. The objectives of this study were the screening and identification of a wide range of organic contaminants in indoor dust, soil, food, drinking water, and urine matrices (N = 439), prioritizing chemicals to assess children's environmental exposure, and selection of unique tracers of soil and dust ingestion in young children by non-targeted analysis (NTA) using Q-Exactive Orbitrap followed data processing by the Compound Discoverer (v3...

BACKGROUND: The gradual evolution of the detection and quantification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been instrumental in cancer diagnosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of exhaled breath and urinary VOCs in cancer detection. As VOCs are indicative of tumor and human metabolism, our work also sought to investigate the metabolic pathways linked to the development of cancerous tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was performed in the PubMed database...

BACKGROUND: Galactosemia type I is an autosomal recessive disorder of galactose metabolism due to galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency, encoded by GALT . To investigate the phenotypes, genotypes and long-term outcomes of galactosemia, we performed a retrospective cohort study in our center. METHODS: All individuals with galactosemia type I were included. We divided individuals into two groups to compare the outcomes of those treated symptomatically (SymX) and asymptomatically (AsymX)...

Vitamins are essential for supporting daily physiological functions and are crucial for metabolic processes, including preventing vascular events and delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The specific assessment of food and pharmaceutical compound quality requires the highly sensitive evaluation of vitamins B5, B7, and B9. Therefore, it is necessary to have a fast screening method for multivitamin tablets, pharmaceutical tablets, water, food, including raw egg yolk, and biological fluids, including urine, in order to ensure the precise identification and measurement of vitamins B5, B7, and B9...

BACKGROUND: Complementary to traditional biostatistics, the integration of untargeted urine metabolomic profiling with Machine Learning (ML) has the potential to unveil metabolic profiles crucial for understanding diseases. However, the application of this approach in autism remains underexplored. Our objective was to delve into the metabolic profiles of autism utilizing a comprehensive untargeted metabolomics platform coupled with ML. METHODS: Untargeted metabolomics quantification (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was performed for urine analysis...