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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Cattle manure was hydrothermally carbonized in acid solutions (0-2% HCl), then nutrient concentration in liquid product and physicochemical properties of hydrochar were characterized to investigate the effects of acid addition on hydrochar properties and nutrient recovery from manure. Results showed that hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) in 2% HCl extracted almost 100% and 63.38% of phosphorus and nitrogen, respectively; specifically, >90% of the extracted phosphorus was PO4-P in liquid from HTC with acid addition, and increasing amount of extracted nitrogen was NH4-N with increasing acid addition...

We provide an assessment of thermal characteristics and climate change vulnerability for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitats in the upper Shavers Fork sub-watershed, West Virginia. Spatial and temporal (2001-2015) variability in observed summer (6/1-8/31) stream temperatures was quantified in 23 (9 tributary, 14 main-stem) reaches. We developed a mixed effects model to predict site-specific mean daily stream temperature from air temperature and discharge and coupled this model with a hydrologic model to predict future (2016-2100) changes in stream temperature under low (RCP 4...

Dams are universally constructed to change hydrodynamic forces and impound water in urban rivers, but few efforts have been made to expound the impact of dams on the transport of antibiotics in rivers. In this study, the main object and focus was to elucidate the intercept effect of rubber dam and the gate dam on the sediment-water phase redistribution of eight typical antibiotics along an urban river with the water replenished from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results show that the eight antibiotics were widely detected in the whole river segment, and the WWTPs were found to be the main sources...

Toxic organic substances and polar organic marker compounds, i.e. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitro-derivatives (N-PAHs), as well as dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) and sugars/sugar anhydrites (S/SAs) were analyzed in size-segregated PM samples (<0.49, 0.49-0.97, 0.97-3 and >3 μm) collected at two urban sites (urban traffic and urban background) during the cold and the warm season...

The partitioning of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) between the water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments in seven channel sections during three hydrologic seasons in the Yangtze Estuary was comprehensively investigated. Special attention was paid to the role of tides, influential factors (concentrations of SPM and dissolved organic carbon, and particle size), and heavy metal speciation. The SPM-water and sediment-water partition coefficients (Kp) of the heavy metals exhibited similar changes along the channel sections, though the former were larger throughout the estuary...

Zebularine is a second-generation, highly stable hydrophilic inhibitor of DNA methylation with oral bioavailability that preferentially target cancer cells. It acts primarily as a trap for DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs) protein by forming covalent complexes between DNMT protein and zebularine-substrate DNA. It's well documented that replication-blocking DNA lesions can cause replication fork collapse and thereby to the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). DSB are dangerous lesions that can lead to potentially oncogenic genomic rearrangements or cell death...

In this work, the performance of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) removal and degradation from gas, air streams on UV pretreated Fe-ZSM-5 in a batch reactor at room temperature were studied. The Fe-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst was prepared by hydrothermal reaction method. The influence of UV pre-irradiation time on the removal of BTEX were assessed by varying the time, ranging from 15min to 60smin. Then, sustainability of the activation of the catalyst resulted by UV pretreatment was studied by the four-cycle experiment with one time UV irradiation and after each cycle irradiation followed by BTEX removal after every cycle respectively...

The effects of three types of water-soluble carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different lengths on the direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalysis of redox enzymes were investigated. Bilirubin oxidase (BOD), copper efflux oxidase (CueO), and a membrane-bound NiFe hydrogenase (H2ase) were used as model redox enzymes for four-electron dioxygen (O2) reduction (in the case of BOD and CueO) and two-electron dihydrogen (H2) oxidation (in the case of H2ase). As a result, diffusion-controlled O2 reduction in an O2-saturated neutral buffer was realized by BOD on CNTs of a length of 1μm, but the catalytic current densities decreased as the length of CNTs increased...

HLA-B*57:01 genotyping before abacavir (ABC) administration is a standard of care to avoid ABC-driven hypersensitivity reactions. Several HLA-B*57:01 tests have been developed, each with advantages and disadvantages. Some have limited accuracy, require special instrumentation, and/or are labor intensive and expensive. We developed a novel hydrolysis probe-based real-time PCR method of HLA-B*57:01 genotyping. Primer and probes were designed based on published sequence variations in exon 3 of HLA-B that distinguish HLA-B*57:01 from ABC-insensitive alleles such as HLA-B*57:03 and HLA-B*58:01...

Designed peptide surfactants offer a number of advanced properties over conventional petrochemical surfactants, including biocompatibility, sustainability, and tailorability of the chemical and physical properties through peptide design. Their biocompatibility and degradability make them attractive for various applications, particularly for food and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, two new peptide surfactants derived from an amphiphilic peptide surfactant (AM1) were designed (AM-S and C8-AM) to better understand links between structure, interfacial activity and emulsification...

Molecular electronics where single molecules perform basic functionalities of digital circuits is a fascinating concept that one day may augment or even replace nowadays semiconductor technologies. The tautomerization of molecules, i.e., the bistable functional position of hydrogen protons within an organic frame, has recently been intensively discussed as a potential avenue towards nano-scale switches. It has been shown that tautomerization can be triggered locally or non-locally, i.e. by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip positioned directly above or in close vicinity to the molecule...

Ion-exchange removal of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in synthetic urine can selectively remove pharmaceuticals with minimal co-removal of nutrients to enhance nutrient recovery efforts. However, the effect of endogenous metabolites in urine on ion-exchange removal, and the corresponding reduction in ecotoxicity potential of pharmaceuticals in treated urine entering the environment, is unknown. To assess treatment efficacy, this work paired predicted breakthrough curves determined by the homogenous surface diffusion model to an in vitro bioassay to evaluate COX-1 inhibition...

The structure and electrochemical properties of adsorbed complexes based on mixtures of polyvinylamine-g-TEMPO (PVAm-T) and laccase were related to the ability of the adsorbed complexes to oxidize cellulose. PVAm-T10 with 10% of the amines bearing TEMPO moieties (i.e. DS= 10%), adsorbed onto gold-sulfonate EQCM-D sensor surfaces giving a hydrogel film, 7 nm thick, 89% water and encasing laccase (200 mM) and TEMPO moieties (33 mM). For DS values >10% all of the TEMPOs in the hydrogel film were redox-active, in that they could be oxidized by the electrode...

The ability of positively charged aggregates of the surfactant (1R,2S)-Dodecyl(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)dimethylammonium bromide (DMEB) to incorporate D- or L-tryptophan in the gas-phase has been investigated by electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-IM-MS). Strongly impacted by the pH of the electrosprayed solutions, both protonated (T(+) ) and deprotonated (T(-) ) tryptophan are effectively included into the aggregates whereas, tryptophan in zwitterionic (T(0) ) form is practically absent in singly charged DMEB aggregates but can be found in multiply charged ones...

Cover Legend The cover image, by Scott C. Pierobon et al., is based on the Article Periodic harvesting of microalgae from calcium alginate hydrogels for sustained high-density production, DOI: 10.1002/bit.26325.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is formed by triplet-triplet energy transfer from triplet chlorophyll to O2 via Type II photosensitization reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Formation of triplet chlorophyll is associated with the change in spin state of the excited electron and recombination of triplet radical pair in the PSII antenna complex and reaction center, respectively. Here, we have provided evidence for the formation of 1O2 by decomposition of protein hydroperoxide in PSII membranes deprived of Mn4O5Ca complex...

Anaerobic digestion (AnD) is a microbiological process that converts organic waste materials into biogas. Because of its high methane content, biogas is a combustible energy source and serves as an important environmental technology commonly used in the management of animal waste generated on large animal farms. Much work has been done on hardware design and process engineering for the generation of biogas. However, little is known about the complexity of the microbiology in this process. In particular, how microbes interact in the digester and eventually breakdown and convert organic matter into biogas is still regarded as a "black box...