Lutetium

BACKGROUND: With recent interest in patient-specific dosimetry for radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) and selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), an increasing number of voxel-based algorithms are being evaluated. Monte Carlo (MC) radiation transport, generally considered to be the most accurate among different methods for voxel-level absorbed dose estimation, can be computationally inefficient for routine clinical use. PURPOSE: This work demonstrates a recently implemented grid-based linear Boltzmann transport equation (LBTE) solver for fast and accurate voxel-based dosimetry in RPT and SIRT and benchmarks it against MC...

Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) is a valuable molecular imaging technique for breast studies using pharmaceuticals labeled with positron emitters and dual-panel detectors. PEM scanners normally use large scintillation crystals coupled to sensitive photodetectors. Multiple interactions of the 511 keV annihilation photons in the crystals can result in event mispositioning leading to a negative impact in radiopharmaceutical uptake quantification. In this work, we report the study of crystal scatter effects of a large-area dual-panel PEM system designed with either monolithic or pixelated lutetium yttrium orthosilicate (LYSO) crystals using the Monte Carlo simulation platform GATE...

BACKGROUND: Radiohybrid PSMA-targeted ligands (rhPSMA) have been introduced as a novel platform for theranostic applications. Among a variety of rhPSMA-ligands developed for radioligand therapy, two stereoisomers [177 Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 and -10.2 have been synthesized and initially characterized in preclinical experiments with the aim to provide an optimized binding profile to human serum albumin, a reduction of charge, and thus accelerated kidney excretion, and unaffected or even improved tumor uptake...

We present the case of a patient with heavily pretreated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who received lutetium Lu-177 vipivotide tetraxetan (also known as 177 Lu-PSMA-617) due to progressive disease despite chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation, including palliative mediastinal and central nervous system radiation. He was subsequently hospitalised for worsening acute onset dyspnoea despite clinically responding to therapy. Interval imaging revealed progressive multifocal ground-glass opacities superimposed on a background of underlying peribronchovascular fibrosis...

OBJECTIVES: To present a clinical care model for the administration of 177Lu-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in radiometabolic therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Bogotá, Colombia. METHODS: A care model was designed for patients with mCRPC based on the VISION study, a prospective, phase III, multicenter, open-label, randomized study in patients with positive 68 Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography who had progressed to taxane and androgen therapy, to receive 177Lu-PSMA-617 combined with the best standard of care vs...

Photon-controlled pyroptosis activation (PhotoPyro) is a promising technique for cancer immunotherapy due to its noninvasive nature, precise control, and ease of operation. Here, we report that biomolecular photoredox catalysis in cells might be an important mechanism underlying PhotoPyro. Our findings reveal that the photocatalyst lutetium texaphyrin ( MLu ) facilitates rapid and direct photoredox oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and various amino acids, thereby triggering pyroptosis through the caspase 3/GSDME pathway...

The reactivity of the rare earth metal alkyl complexes L RE(CH2 SiMe3 )(THF)2 ( 1 RE ) [RE = Y ( 1 Y ), Yb ( 1 Yb ), Lu ( 1 Lu ); L = 2,5-[(2-pyrrolyl)CPh2 ]2 ( N -methylpyrrole)] with various nitriles and isonitriles has been fully developed. Treatment of the yttrium monoalkyl complex ( 1 Y ) with 2 equiv of aromatic nitriles afforded the symmetric trisubstituted β-diketiminato yttrium complexes ( 2 Y(H) , 2 Y(Me) , and 2 Y(F) ) through successive cyano group insertion into the RE-C bond and 1,3-H shift or the unsymmetric trisubstituted β-diketiminato yttrium complex ( 3 Y ) unexpectedly via a 1,3-SiMe3 shift when 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile was used in this reaction under the same conditions...

BACKGROUND: Terbium-161 (161 Tb)-based radionuclide therapy poses an alternative to current Lutetium-177 (177 Lu) approaches with the additional benefit of secondary Auger and conversion electron emissions capable of delivering high doses of localised damage to micro-metastases including single cells. Quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography, paired with computed tomography (SPECT/CT), enables quantitative measurement from post-therapy imaging. In view of dosimetry extrapolations, a Tb-161 sensitivity SPECT/CT camera calibration was performed using a method previously validated for 177 Lu...

Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that constitute a significant portion of most carcinomas. Since it plays a critical role in tumor growth and metastasis, its timely detection to identify tumor lesions in early developmental stages using targeted radiopharmaceuticals has gained significant impetus. In the present work, two novel FAP-targeted precursors SB03178 and SB04033 comprising of an atypical benzo[h]quinoline construct were synthesized and either chelated to diagnostic radionuclide gallium-68 or therapeutic radionuclide lutetium-177, with ≥90% radiochemical purities and 22-76% decay-corrected radiochemical yields...

Background: Radiolabeled antibody fragments present a promising opportunity as theranostic agents, offering distinct advantages over whole antibodies. In this study, the authors investigate the potential of [177 Lu]Lu-DTPA-F(ab')2 -pertuzumab as a theranostic agent for precise targeting of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancers. Additionally, the authors aim to quantitatively assess the binding synergism in the presence of cold trastuzumab. Materials and Methods: F(ab')2 -pertuzumab was prepared by pepsin digestion and conjugated with a bifunctional chelator...

PURPOSE: To assess the prognostic value of pre-treatment [68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and other baseline clinical characteristics in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) patients response to [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA (PSMA-I&T), as well as patient survival. PROCEDURES: In this retrospective study, 81 patients who received [177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T between October 2018 and January 2023 were reviewed. Eligible patients had metastatic castration-resistant PCa, underwent pre-treatment [68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, and had serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels available...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to do a feasibility study on a microstrip transmission line (MS) RF coil for a positron emission tomography (PET) insert in a 7 Tesla human MRI system. The proposed MS coil integrated the RF shield of the PET detector as the ground conductor of the coil. We called the integrated module "MS PET coil." METHODS: A single-channel MS PET coil was developed with an integrated RF-shielded PET detector module. For comparison, we also studied a conventional MS coil with a single-layer ground conductor...

BACKGROUND: Automated dispensing systems (ADSs) for radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to reduce the radiation exposure of personnel, to improve the accuracy of the dispensed dose and to limit the microbiological contamination. However, before implementing such systems, validation according to various applicable guidelines is necessary to ensure safety and quality. Here we present the selection, validation and implementation of the PT459R2 from manufacturer Lynax s.r.o. as a guidance protocol for validation according to GMP and GRPP guidelines...

The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is known to be overexpressed in breast cancer, making it a promising target for both imaging and therapy within a theranostic framework. Various radioligands targeting GRPR have undergone investigation in preclinical and clinical studies related to breast cancer. This systematic scoping review aimed to assess the current evidence on GRPR-targeted radioligands for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in breast cancer. The methodology followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol...

Rare earths, scandium, yttrium, and the fifteen lanthanoids from lanthanum to lutetium, are classified as critical metals because of their ubiquity in daily life. They are present in magnets in cars, especially electric cars; green electricity generating systems and computers; in steel manufacturing; in glass and light emission materials especially for safety lighting and lasers; in exhaust emission catalysts and supports; catalysts in artificial rubber production; in agriculture and animal husbandry; in health and especially cancer diagnosis and treatment; and in a variety of materials and electronic products essential to modern living...

Injectable colloidal solutions of lanthanide oxides (nanoparticles between 10 and 100 nm in size) have demonstrated high biocompatibility and no toxicity when the nanoparticulate units are functionalized with specific biomolecules that molecularly target various proteins in the tumor microenvironment. Among the proteins successfully targeted by functionalized lanthanide nanoparticles are folic receptors, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and integrins associated with tumor neovasculature...

We observed that some patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) who received peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Lutetium-177(177Lu) DOTATATE developed rapid disease progression with biopsy-proven histologic transformation to neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), an outcome that has not been previously described. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective review of all patients with well-differentiated G1-G2 NETs who received at least one cycle of PRRT with (177Lu) DOTATATE at our center from January 2019 to December 2020...

BACKGROUND: Malignant pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumors and available systemic therapies are limited. AIM: To explore the role of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Yttrium-90 (90 Y) and Lutetium-177 (177 Lu) peptides in pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed more than 1500 patients with histologically proven neuroendocrine tumors treated with 177 Lu- or 90 Y-DOTA-TATE or -TOC between 1999 to 2017 at our Institute...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is ubiquitously expressed in tumor-associated neovasculature and may be a potential theranostic in many solid cancers, including breast carcinoma (BC). Herein, we analyzed the presence of PSMA in BC, through qualitative and quantitative parameters on 68 Ga-PSMA-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), across various hormonal subtypes. METHODS: This study examined 41 female patients of BC...

BACKGROUND: Despite advancements in managing metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma (mccRCC) through antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy, there remains a demand for novel treatments for patients experiencing progression despite the use of these medications. There is currently no established standard treatment for patients receiving third therapy line. Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) whose high expression has been demonstrated in metastatic aggressive prostate adenocarcinoma is also highly expressed in neovessels of various solid tumors including renal cell carcinoma (RCC): 86% of clear cell RCC, 61% of chromophobe RCC, and 28% of papillary RCC...