keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36852473/can-local-vibration-alter-the-contribution-of-persistent-inward-currents-to-human-motoneuron-firing
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Lapole, R N O Mesquita, S Baudry, R Souron, C G Brownstein, V Rozand
The response of spinal motoneurons to synaptic input greatly depends on the activation of persistent inward currents (PICs), which in turn are enhanced by the neuromodulators serotonin and noradrenaline. Local vibration (LV) induces excitatory Ia input onto motoneurons and may alter neuromodulatory inputs. Thus, we investigated whether LV influences PIC contribution to motoneuron firing. This was assessed in voluntary contractions with concurrent, ongoing LV, as well as after a bout of prolonged LV. High-density surface electromyograms (HD-EMG) of the tibialis anterior were recorded with a 64-electrode matrix...
February 27, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36790076/blockade-of-5-ht-2-receptors-suppress-motor-unit-firing-and-estimates-of-persistent-inward-currents-during-voluntary-muscle-contraction-in-humans
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin I Goodlich, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Sean A Horan, Justin J Kavanagh
Serotonergic neuromodulation contributes to enhanced voluntary muscle activation. However, it is unknown how the likely motoneurone receptor candidate (5-HT2 ) influences the firing rate, and activation threshold, of motor units (MU) in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine if 5-HT2 receptor activity contributes to human MU behaviour during voluntary ramped contractions of differing intensity. High-density electromyography (HD-EMG) of the tibialis anterior was assessed during ramped isometric dorsiflexions of 10%, 30%, 50% and 70% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)...
February 15, 2023: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36785651/evolution-of-respiratory-system-compliance-and-potential-for-lung-recruitment-in-covid-19-induced-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maeva Rodriguez, Sylvain Le Pape, François Arrivé, Jean-Pierre Frat, Arnaud W Thille, Rémi Coudroy
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been frequently complicated by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with prolonged invasive ventilation. While respiratory system compliance and lung recruitability have been described within the first days after ICU admission, data about their longitudinal changes are still limited. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the evolution of respiratory system compliance and lung recruitability in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS...
October 2022: J Intensive Med
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36729054/motor-unit-discharge-characteristics-and-conduction-velocity-of-the-vastii-muscles-in-long-term-resistance-trained-men
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jakob Škarabot, Jonathan P Folland, Jules Forsyth, Apostolos Vazoukis, Aleš Holobar, Alessandro Del Vecchio
PURPOSE: Adjustments in motor unit (MU) discharge properties have been shown following short-term resistance training, however MU adaptations in long-term resistance-trained individuals are less clear. Here, we concurrently assessed MU discharge characteristics and MU conduction velocity in long-term resistance-trained (RT) and untrained (UT) men. METHODS: MU discharge characteristics (discharge rate, recruitment and derecruitment threshold) and MU conduction velocity were assessed after the decomposition of high-density electromyograms recorded from vastus lateralis (VL) and medialis (VM) of RT (>3 years; N = 14) and UT (N = 13) during submaximal and maximal isometric knee extension...
December 22, 2022: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36603046/lung-de-recruitment-in-the-allergic-asthma-of-obesity-evidence-from-an-anatomically-based-inverse-model
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason H T Bates, David A Kaminsky, Olivia J Garrow, Francesca K Martin, Ubong Peters, W Gabe Tharp, Anne E Dixon
The increase in asthma associated with the obesity epidemic cannot simply be due to airway hyperresponsiveness from chronic lung compression because chronic lung compression is a feature of obesity in general. We therefore sought to investigate what other factors might be at play in the impaired lung function seen in obese individuals with asthma. We measured respiratory system impedance in four groups-Lean Control, Lean Allergic Asthma, Obese Control, and Obese Allergic Asthma-before and after administration of albuterol...
February 1, 2023: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36569769/influence-of-rapidly-oscillating-inspired-o-2-and-n-2-concentrations-on-pulmonary-vascular-function-and-lung-fluid-balance-in-healthy-adults
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eli F Kelley, Alex R Carlson, Robert J Wentz, Briana L Ziegler, Bruce D Johnson
Introduction: Aircrew may experience rapidly oscillating inspired O2/N2 ratios owing to fluctuations in the on-board oxygen delivery systems (OBOG). Recent investigations suggest these oscillations may contribute to the constellation of physiologic events in aircrew of high-performance aircraft. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether these "operationally-relevant" environmental challenges may cause decrements in measures of pulmonary vascular physiology. Methods: Thirty healthy participants (Age: 29 ± 5 years) were recruited and assigned to one of the three exposures...
2022: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36362465/respiratory-physiology-of-covid-19-and-influenza-associated-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niklas Kronibus, Frederik Seiler, Guy Danziger, Ralf M Muellenbach, Christian Reyher, André P Becker, Maren Kamphorst, Torben M Rixecker, Carlos Metz, Robert Bals, Philipp M Lepper, Sebastian Mang
Background: There is ongoing debate whether lung physiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) differs from ARDS of other origin. Objective : The aim of this study was to analyze and compare how critically ill patients with COVID-19 and Influenza A or B were ventilated in our tertiary care center with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We ask if acute lung failure due to COVID-19 requires different intensive care management compared to conventional ARDS. Methods : 25 patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS were matched to a cohort of 25 Influenza patients treated in our center from 2011 to 2021...
October 22, 2022: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36210352/the-cumulative-effect-of-methacholine-on-large-and-small-airways-when-deep-inspirations-are-avoided
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cyndi Henry, Magali Boucher, Marie-Ève Boulay, Andréanne Côté, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Ynuk Bossé
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The effect of serial incremental concentrations of methacholine is only slightly cumulative when assessed by spirometry. This limited cumulative effect may be attributed to the bronchodilator effect of deep inspirations that are required between concentrations to measure lung function. Using oscillometry, the response to methacholine can be measured without deep inspirations. Conveniently, oscillometry can also dissociate the contribution of large versus small airways...
October 9, 2022: Respirology: Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36135956/protective-ventilation-in-a-pig-model-of-acute-lung-injury-timing-is-as-important-as-pressure
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harry Ramcharran, Jason H T Bates, Joshua Satalin, Sarah Blair, Penny L Andrews, Donald P Gaver, Louis A Gatto, Guirong Wang, Auyon J Ghosh, Benjamin Robedee, James Vossler, Nader M Habashi, Nirav Daphtary, Michaela Kollisch-Singule, Gary F Nieman
Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is a significant risk for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Management of the patient with ARDS is currently dominated by the use of low tidal volume mechanical ventilation, the presumption being that this mitigates overdistension (OD) injury to the remaining normal lung tissue. Evidence exists, however, that it may be more important to avoid cyclic recruitment and derecruitment (RD) of lung units, although the relative roles of OD and RD in VILI remain unclear...
November 1, 2022: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36044904/intratidal-compliance-of-the-lung-and-the-total-respiratory-system
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patryk Dzierzawski, Jakob Oswalt, Steffen Wirth, Stefan Schumann
OBJECTIVE: The worldwide rising quantity of surgeries and corresponding need of mechanical ventilation implicates a rising number of patients suffering from post-operative pulmonary complications. To prevent this risks, individual mechanics of the lung should be considered when setting the parameters of mechanical ventilation. Intratidal compliance analysis based on transpulmonal pressure would provide an estimate for individual lung mechanics. The downside of such measure however, is its invasiveness...
August 31, 2022: Physiological Measurement
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35896391/monitoring-lung-injury-severity-and-ventilation-intensity-during-mechanical-ventilation
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emanuele Rezoagli, John G Laffey, Giacomo Bellani
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of respiratory failure burden by high hospital mortality. No specific pharmacologic treatment is currently available and its ventilatory management is a key strategy to allow reparative and regenerative lung tissue processes. Unfortunately, a poor management of mechanical ventilation can induce ventilation induced lung injury (VILI) caused by physical and biological forces which are at play. Different parameters have been described over the years to assess lung injury severity and facilitate optimization of mechanical ventilation...
June 2022: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35848453/chronic-exercise-increases-excitability-of-lamina-x-neurons-through-enhancement-of-persistent-inward-currents-and-dendritic-development-in-mice
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ke Chen, Yue Dai
KEY POINTS: Chronic exercise alters adaptability of spinal motor system in rodents. Multiple mechanisms are responsible for the adaptation, including regulation of neuronal excitability and change in dendritic morphology. Spinal interneurons in lamina X are a cluster of heterogeneous neurons playing multifunctional roles in the spinal cord, especially in regulating locomotor activity. Chronic exercise in juvenile mice increased excitability of these interneurons and facilitated dendritic development...
July 18, 2022: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35782782/effect-of-repeated-eccentric-exercise-on-muscle-damage-markers-and-motor-unit-control-strategies-in-arm-and-hand-muscle
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunggun Jeon, Xin Ye, William M Miller, Jun Seob Song
To examine the contralateral repeated bout effect (CL-RBE) on muscle damage markers and motor unit (MU) control strategies, seventeen healthy adults performed two bouts of 60 eccentric contractions with elbow flexor (EF group; n  ​= ​9) or index finger abductor (IA group; n  ​= ​8) muscles, separated by 1 week. All participants randomly performed eccentric exercise on either the right or left arm or hand muscles, and muscle damage markers and submaximal trapezoid contraction tests were conducted pre, post, 1- and 2-day post eccentric protocol...
March 2022: Sports medicine and health science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35735538/electric-cell-substrate-impedance-sensing-ecis-as-a-platform-for-evaluating-barrier-function-susceptibility-and-damage-from-pulmonary-atelectrauma
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eiichiro Yamaguchi, Joshua Yao, Allison Aymond, Douglas B Chrisey, Gary F Nieman, Jason H T Bates, Donald P Gaver
Biophysical insults that either reduce barrier function (COVID-19, smoke inhalation, aspiration, and inflammation) or increase mechanical stress (surfactant dysfunction) make the lung more susceptible to atelectrauma. We investigate the susceptibility and time-dependent disruption of barrier function associated with pulmonary atelectrauma of epithelial cells that occurs in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). This in vitro study was performed using Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) as a noninvasive evaluating technique for repetitive stress stimulus/response on monolayers of the human lung epithelial cell line NCI-H441...
June 5, 2022: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35712728/novel-use-of-catheter-mount-as-an-alternative-to-t-piece
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abhijeet Anand, Rajesh Panda, Saiteja Kodamanchili, Saurabh Saigal, Gowthaman Tb, Krishnkant Bhardwaj
UNLABELLED: Catheter mounts with swivel connectors are used to attach the endotracheal tube to the ventilator circuit, dampening jerks and drags and increasing patient comfort. We suggest a unique application of catheter mount as T-piece for weaning, eliminating the need for a single inventory purchase and repurposing a previously used item for a new use, lowering the financial burden on patients. In our ICU, catheter mounts are being used as an alternative to T-piece for 30-minute weaning trials following successful SBT trials to evaluate patients' response to Zero PEEP (ZEEP) and therefore the probable occurrence of alveolar derecruitment to decrease extubation failure...
February 2022: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35480042/sevoflurane-and-hypercapnia-blunt-the-physiological-variability-of-spontaneous-breathing-a-comparative-interventional-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam L Balogh, Roberta Sudy, Ferenc Petak, Walid Habre, Andre Dos Santos Rocha
Background: Although spontaneous breathing is known to exhibit substantial physiological fluctuation that contributes to alveolar recruitment, changes in the variability of the respiratory pattern following inhalation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and volatile anesthetics have not been characterized. Therefore, we aimed at comparing the indices of breathing variability under wakefulness, sleep, hypercapnia and sedative and anesthetic concentrations of sevoflurane. Methods: Spontaneous breathing pattern was recorded on two consecutive days in six rabbits using open whole-body plethysmography under wakefulness and spontaneous sleep and following inhalation of 5% CO2 , 2% sevoflurane (0...
2022: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34605556/deficit-in-knee-extension-strength-following-anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction-is-explained-by-a-reduced-neural-drive-to-the-vasti-muscles
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefano Nuccio, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Andrea Casolo, Luciana Labanca, Jacopo Emanuele Rocchi, Francesco Felici, Andrea Macaluso, Pier Paolo Mariani, Deborah Falla, Dario Farina, Paola Sbriccoli
KEY POINTS: Impaired expression and control of knee extension forces are common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and are related to a high risk of a second injury. To provide novel insights into the neural basis of this impairment, we investigated the discharge patterns of motor units in the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis during voluntary force contractions. We found a lower knee extensor's strength of the reconstructed side with respect to the contralateral side, which was explained by deficits in motor unit discharge rate and an altered motoneuronal input-output gain...
October 3, 2021: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34593706/use-of-airway-pressure-release-ventilation-in-patients-with-acute-respiratory-failure-due-to-covid-19-results-of-a-single-center-randomized-controlled-trial
#38
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Miguel Á Ibarra-Estrada, Yessica García-Salas, Eduardo Mireles-Cabodevila, José A López-Pulgarín, Quetzalcóatl Chávez-Peña, Roxana García-Salcido, Julio C Mijangos-Méndez, Guadalupe Aguirre-Avalos
OBJECTIVES: Airway pressure release ventilation is a ventilatory mode characterized by a mandatory inverse inspiratory:expiratory ratio with a very short expiratory phase, aimed to avoid derecruitment and allow spontaneous breathing. Recent basic and clinical evidence suggests that this mode could be associated with improved outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes between airway pressure release ventilation and traditional ventilation targeting low tidal volume, in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019...
April 1, 2022: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34582417/electrical-impedance-tomography-monitoring-of-bronchoalveolar-lavage-in-patients-with-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillaume Franchineau, Juliette Chommeloux, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Guillaume Lebreton, Nicolas Bréchot, Guillaume Hékimian, Simon Bourcier, Loïc Le Guennec, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Alain Combes, Matthieu Schmidt
OBJECTIVES: The impact of bronchoalveolar lavage on regional ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome has rarely been described. Our objectives were use electrical impedance tomography to describe lung impedance variation post bronchoalveolar lavage and identify morphologic patterns according to respiratory failure severity. DESIGN: Monocenter physiologic study on mechanically ventilated patients. SETTING: University medical ICU...
March 1, 2022: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34566690/a-pilot-study-on-electrical-impedance-tomography-during-cpap-trial-in-patients-with-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2-pneumonia-the-bright-side-of-non-invasive-ventilation
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michela Rauseo, Lucia Mirabella, Donato Laforgia, Angela Lamanna, Paolo Vetuschi, Elisa Soriano, Daniele Ugliola, Elena Casiello, Livio Tullo, Gilda Cinnella
Background: Different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia phenotypes were described that match with different lung compliance and level of oxygenation, thus requiring a personalized ventilator setting. The burden of so many patients and the lack of intensive care unit (ICU) beds often force physicians to choose non-invasive ventilation (NIV) as the first approach, even if no consent has still been reached to discriminate whether it is safer to choose straightforward intubation, paralysis, and protective ventilation...
2021: Frontiers in Physiology
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