meningococcemia

Infectious causes of fever and rash pose a diagnostic challenge for the emergency provider. It is often difficult to discern rashes associated with rapidly progressive and life-threatening infections from benign exanthems, which comprise the majority of rashes seen in the emergency department. Physicians must also consider serious noninfectious causes of fever and rash. A correct diagnosis depends on an exhaustive history and head-to-toe skin examination as most emergent causes of fever and rash remain clinical diagnoses...

BACKGROUND: Neisseria meningitidis can cause life-threatening meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia. Old standard microbiological results from CSF/blood cultures are time consuming. This study aimed to combine the sensitivity of loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (LAMP) with the specificity of CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage to demonstrate a reliable diagnostic assay for rapid detection of N. meningitidis. METHODS: A total of n = 139 samples were collected from patients with suspected meningococcal disease and were used for evaluation...

An advisory board meeting was held with experts in Vietnam (Hanoi, August 2022), to review the evidence on invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) epidemiology, clinical management, and meningococcal vaccines to reach a consensus on recommendations for meningococcal vaccination in Vietnam. IMD is a severe disease, with the highest burden in infants and children. IMD presents as meningitis and/or meningococcemia and can progress extremely rapidly. Almost 90% of deaths in children occur within the first 24 h, and disabling sequelae (e...

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To identify clinical and epidemiological features of meningococcal infection on the initial day of a patient's medical consultation, as well as the efficacy of laboratory examinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 76 patients' histories diagnosed with meningococcal disease was carried out. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients in the Transcarpathian region mainly develop an atypical form of meningococcal disease...

Meningococcal disease is associated with high mortality despite aggressive antibiotic therapy and intensive care support. Patients may develop refractory hypotension and acute respiratory distress syndrome in which extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) could serve as a life-saving rescue therapy. However, there is limited data regarding the outcomes of ECMO support in the setting of meningococcal disease. This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry (1989-2019) enrolled children (29 days-18 years old) with Neisseria meningitidis infection receiving ECMO for any support type and mode...

BACKGROUND: Ehrlichia chaffeensis is responsible for most cases of human ehrlichiosis, an acute febrile tick-borne disease. This clinical entity is more commonly reported in adults from the United States. Therefore, it is of special interest to characterize this disease in children, given that very few cases in children have been reported outside of this country. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 15-year-old female from northeastern Mexico with a five-day history of myalgias, arthralgias, fever, abdominal pain, rash, and somnolence...

This case report presents a 53-year-old male patient infected with COVID-19 who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and septic shock due to meningococcemia , despite the absence of clinical signs of meningitis. This patient's condition was complicated by pneumonia in the setting of myocardial failure. In the curse of the disease, it is remarked that the importance of early recognition of sepsis symptoms is crucial in distinguishing patients with COVID-19 from those with other infections and preventing fatal outcomes...

Microbiota composition might play a role in the pathophysiology and course of sepsis, and understanding its dynamics is of clinical interest. Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an important cause of community-acquired serious infection, and there is no information regarding microbiota composition in children with meningococcemia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the intestinal and nasopharyngeal microbiota composition of children with IMD. Materials and Methods: In this prospective, multi-center study, 10 children with meningococcemia and 10 age-matched healthy controls were included...

BACKGROUND: Hypervirulent clonal complex (cc) have been associated with higher incidence and case fatality rate of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The aim of this study was to describe the clinical manifestations of the hypervirulent cc of meningococcus in children. METHODS: Retrospective study in patients hospitalized by IMD microbiologically confirmed at three children's tertiary health care centers in Santiago, Chile, between 2010 and 2018. Demographic, clinical information and determination of the cc and factor H binding protein (fHbp) alleles were performed...

Clinical characteristics and pathomorphological manifestations in 69 patients aged 18 to 86 years with a fatal outcome of the disease were examined in order to analyze the causes of severe course and high mortality of generalized forms meningococcal infection. It was found that the main clinical form was meningococcemia (90%), in the majority in combination with meningitis (52%). The fulminant course in 77% of patients with meningococcal sepsis manifested itself as a sudden onset, rapid development of typical symptoms...

Purpura fulminans (PF) is a severe clinical manifestation of Neisseria meningitides infection that is associated with high mortality rates in children. Survivors are frequently left with debilitating musculoskeletal sequelae. There is a paucity of reports on the musculoskeletal pathology of purpura fulminans. We report on a 2-year-old boy with purpura fulminans due to meningococcemia. The child developed distal gangrene in both the upper and lower limbs. Amputations were done for both lower limbs. Histological examination of the amputated specimens showed an inflammatory process and features of osteonecrosis...

Meningococcemia is the infection of the blood caused by Neisseria meningitidis . Herein, we report a case of meningococcemia in an 11 months old infant who had a high-grade fever, nonblanching purpuric rash over the face and limbs, low blood pressure, tachycardia, and prolonged capillary refill time, but without neck rigidity and focal neurologic signs. He recovered after supportive care and treatment with antibiotics (intravenous ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and teicoplanin). Therefore, in a febrile, ill-looking child in shock with a nonblanching rash, meningococcal disease should be suspected...

BACKGROUND: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare and severe disease characterized by uncontrolled activation and dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway and development of thrombotic microangiopathy. Eculizumab, which is used as a first-line therapy in aHUS, blocks the formation of C5 convertase and inhibits the formation of the terminal membrane attack complex. It is known that treatment with eculizumab increases the risk of meningococcal disease by 1000-2000-fold...

BACKGROUND: Cryoglobulinemia is a hematologic condition characterized by the presence of immunologic proteins in the blood, resulting from underlying malignancy to chronic viral processes. The recognition of this condition is critically vital, as patients can first present to the emergency department as their initial manifestation of disease. CASE REPORT: We present a case of cryoglobulinemia, discuss the clinically important types, their presentations, and then emergent complications that can be encountered in the emergency setting...

INTRODUCTION: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by Neisseria meningitidis is a disease with a high mortality and morbidity rate. Serogroup W meningococci (MenW) used to be associated with sporadic disease worldwide. In recent years, a surge in MenW incidence is being observed. REPORT: An older adult presenting with acute onset shortness of breath, chest pain and fever, was diagnosed with pericarditis with meningococcemia due to MenW:ST11 strain. MenW infections are reported to have a higher case fatality rate and atypical clinical presentations: MenW has been identified in patients presenting with pneumonia, gastro-intestinal symptoms, arthritis, and pericarditis...

Eculizumab, first-line therapy for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), has infectious side effects in addition to its therapeutic benefits. This study aims to discuss the mechanism of development of infections, prevention, and timely treatment to prevent complications such as septic shock and mortality. The study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist and reporting guidelines for systematic review...

BACKGROUND: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an unpredictable and severe infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis . Its case fatality rate could vary from 9.7% to 26% and up to 36% of survivors may experience long-term sequelae, representing a challenge for public health. AIMED: To describe the sequelae at hospital discharge caused by IMD in children between years 2009-2019. METHODS: Cross-sectional study performed in 2 pediatric hospitals...

BACKGROUND Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, also known as acute adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal gland hemorrhage, is an uncommon and frequently fatal condition classically presenting with fever, shock, rash, and coagulopathy. Although most often associated with Meningococcemia, many other etiologies have been implicated, including reports of Staphylococcus aureus infection on autopsy examinations. This report details an adult intravenous drug user with adrenal hemorrhage associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia...

UNLABELLED: Diagnosis of primary complement deficiencies requires a high index of suspicion. Thus, susceptible patients are often underdiagnosed and untreated. Here, we present a multicenter experience with two novel inborn errors of the classical complement system. This is a retrospective multicenter analysis of computerized medical records of children (<18 years) admitted in the period between 2012 and 2018 at Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem and Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Tel-Hashomer Medical Center, in Ramat Gan, Israel...

Objective: Despite strict surveillance, Neisseria meningitidis still causes life-threatening invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The study aimed to describe the prevalence, clinical and subclinical features, and treatment outcomes of IMD among young soldiers of the Vietnam People's Army. Methods: A prospective, population-based surveillance study was conducted in all Vietnamese military hospitals from January 2014 to June 2021. The presence of Neisseria meningitidis was confirmed by PCR or culture from blood or/and CSF...