keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511195/retrospective-assessment-of-the-use-of-extended-release-cabergoline-in-the-management-of-equine-pituitary-pars-intermedia-dysfunction
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tania Sundra, Erin Kelty, Gabriele Rossi, David Rendle
INTRODUCTION: Dopaminergic agonists are accepted as the most effective treatment for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. However, some horses are refractory to daily oral pergolide, the recommended registered treatment. Extended-release cabergoline (ERC) injection may offer an alternative. The objective of this retrospective case series was to describe clinical and endocrinological responses to ERC. METHODS: Medical records of horses treated with weekly intramuscular injections of ERC (5 mg/mL, BOVA Aus) at either 0...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473112/effect-of-exercise-conditioning-on-countering-the-effects-of-obesity-and-insulin-resistance-in-horses-a-review
#2
REVIEW
Shannon Pratt-Phillips
Obesity is an important health concern in horses, along with humans and companion animals. Adipose tissue is an inflammatory organ that alters the insulin-signaling cascade, ultimately causing insulin dysregulation and impaired glucose metabolism. These disruptions can increase the risk of metabolic disease and laminitis in horses and may also impact energy metabolism during exercise. A single bout of exercise, along with chronic exercise conditioning, increases insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal via both contraction- and insulin-mediated glucose uptake pathways...
February 26, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464607/radiographic-assessment-of-normal-parameters-of-forelimb-distal-phalanx-in-turkmen-horses
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keramat Allah Khaledi, Ali Mirshahi, Kamran Sardari, Mohammad Azizzadeh, Samaneh Ghasemi
The Turkmen horse is one of the oldest breeds in the world with unique characteristics in agility, endurance and jump, being publicly acclaimed. Laminitis affects the limbs and decreases athletic performance. Radiographic evaluation is essential to confirm the sinking diagnosis in every breed of a horse suffering from laminitis. Since no information about distal phalanx radiographic measurements in this breed has been reported, the current study was designed and conducted. In the present study, 24 clinically sound registered Turkmen horses of both sexes (15 mares and nine stallions) were selected...
2024: Veterinary Research Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452577/neutrophil-extracellular-traps-and-active-myeloperoxidase-concentrate-in-lamellar-tissue-of-equids-with-naturally-occurring-laminitis
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nazaré Storms, Geoffroy de la Rebière, Thierry Franck, Ange Mouithys Mickalad, Charlotte Sandersen, Justine Ceusters, Didier Serteyn
Laminitis is a pathology of the equine digit ultimately leading to a failure of the dermo-epidermal interface. Neutrophil activation is recognized as a major factor in SIRS-associated laminitis and has recently been described in induced endocrinopathic laminitis evidenced by the presence of myeloperoxidase (MPO). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) are released with neutrophil activation. This study aimed to investigate the presence and activity of MPO and NET in the lamellar tissue of equids presented with naturally occurring laminitis...
February 23, 2024: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412155/evidence-for-dopamine-production-and-distribution-of-dopamine-d2-receptors-in-the-equine-gastrointestinal-mucosa-and-pancreas
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas C Galinelli, Nicholas J Bamford, Melody A de Laat, Martin N Sillence, Patricia A Harris, Simon R Bailey
Insulin dysregulation in horses is characterised by hyperinsulinaemia and/or tissue insulin resistance and is associated with increased risk of laminitis. There is growing evidence in other species that dopamine attenuates insulin release from the pancreas; however, this has yet to be examined in horses. The present study aimed to identify whether there are cells capable of producing or responding to dopamine within the equine gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas. Tissue samples were collected from the stomach, small and large intestines, and pancreas of six mature horses following euthanasia...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363029/effect-of-phenylbutazone-on-insulin-secretion-in-horses-with-insulin-dysregulation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kate L Kemp, Jazmine E Skinner, François-René Bertin
BACKGROUND: Phenylbutazone is often prescribed to manage pain caused by hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis, but in diabetic people nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase insulin secretion and pancreatic activity. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Investigate the effect of phenylbutazone administration on insulin secretion in horses. It was hypothesized that phenylbutazone will increase insulin secretion in horses with insulin dysregulation (ID). ANIMALS: Sixteen light breed horses, including 7 with ID...
February 16, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360691/multicentric-lymphoma-in-a-donkey-with-intestinal-and-bone-marrow-involvement
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgios Paraschou, Cynthia Xue, Rebecca Egan, Pompei Bolfa
BACKGROUND: Lymphoma is a common neoplasm in horses but is reported much less commonly in donkeys. In this case report, we describe the macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical features of a multicentric lymphoma with intestinal and bone marrow involvement. CASE PRESENTATION: A geriatric female donkey with history of chronic lameness was found dead. Post-mortem examination revealed advanced emaciation, periodontal disease, left front foot laminitis and multiple, soft, white to yellow tan intestinal transmural masses, up to 12 cm in diameter...
February 15, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38232813/genome-wide-association-study-suggests-genetic-candidate-loci-of-insulin-dysregulation-in-finnhorses
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M J Weckman, N P Karikoski, M R Raekallio, J R Box, L Kvist
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a common welfare problem in horses worldwide. It is characterized by insulin dysregulation (ID), predisposition to laminitis and often obesity. EMS is multifactorial by nature, with both the environment and genetics contributing to the phenotype. Environmental factors, such as feeding and exercise, can be controlled, thus forming the basis for treatment and prevention. Genetic factors, by contrast, are less well-known and not easily controllable. The aim of this study was to identify potential genetic loci influencing ID/EMS in Finnhorses...
January 15, 2024: Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38173146/epidemiological-investigation-of-insulin-dysregulation-in-shetland-and-welsh-ponies-in-australia
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brianna L Clark, Elaine M Norton, Nicholas J Bamford, Imtiaz A S Randhawa, Kate L Kemp, Molly E McCue, François-René Bertin, Allison J Stewart
BACKGROUND: Insulin dysregulation (ID) is central to equine metabolic syndrome. There are limited epidemiological studies investigating dynamic testing of ID in ponies. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate prevalence and risk factors for ID through dynamic testing of hyperinsulinaemia (DHI) and insulin resistance (IR). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: Sex, age, breed, height, cresty neck score (CNS), body condition score (BCS), laminitis, HMGA2:c...
January 3, 2024: Equine Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38159582/insulin-dysregulated-horses-metabolic-responses-to-forage-pellets
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica Lyn Macon, Patricia Harris, Margaret McClendon, Brittany Perron, Amanda Adams
Hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis (HAL) is the primary concern for insulin dysregulated (ID) equids and their insulin response to the consumption of oral, nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) has been shown to be a risk predictor for HAL development. This randomized, crossover study's objective was to examine the insulinemic responses to 3 forage pellets (1 g/kg BW) (timothy hay, TH, 9.5% CP & 10% NSC DM; alfalfa hay, AH, 16.3% CP & 9.8% NSC DM; timothy-alfalfa hay; TAH, 17.2% CP & 9.8% NSC DM) along with a positive (dehulled oats; OG, 14...
December 28, 2023: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146533/sex-hormone-binding-globulin-improves-lipid-metabolism-and-reduces-inflammation-in-subcutaneous-adipose-tissue-of-metabolic-syndrome-affected-horses
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lynda Bourebaba, Martyna Kępska, Badr Qasem, Magdalena Zyzak, Jacek Łyczko, Marta Klemens, Malwina Mularczyk, Krzysztof Marycz
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a steadily growing endocrine disorder representing a real challenge in veterinary practice. As a multifactorial condition, EMS is characterized by three main metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, increased adiposity or obesity and hoof laminitis. Adipose tissue dysfunction is recognized as a core pathophysiological determinant of EMS, as it strongly participates to lipotoxicity and systemic metaflammation, both of which have been closely linked to the development of generalized insulin resistance...
2023: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38109844/ex-vivo-study-shows-novel-rapid-suture-free-tenotomy-technique-for-the-equine-deep-digital-flexor-tendon
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego De Gasperi, Marcelo S El Azzi, João Paulo N Martins, Sabrina H Brounts
OBJECTIVE: To describe the feasibility of a novel thread-transecting technique for the tenotomy of the equine deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT). ANIMALS: 39 equine distal limb specimens. METHODS: Under ultrasonographic guidance, a surgical thread was percutaneously placed around the DDFT through 2 needle punctures (lateral and medial) using a Tuohy needle in equine limbs (22 forelimbs, 17 hindlimbs). The DDFT was transected by a back-and-forth motion of the thread until the loop emerged from the entry puncture site...
December 22, 2023: American Journal of Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38088223/effect-of-5-adenosine-monophosphate-activated-protein-kinase-agonists-on-insulin-and-glucose-dynamics-in-experimentally-induced-insulin-dysregulation-in-horses
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin F Pinnell, Laura D Hostnik, Mauria R Watts, Kathryn J Timko, Allison A Thriffiley, Mercedes R Stover, Lauren E Koenig, Olivia M Gorman, Ramiro E Toribio, Teresa A Burns
BACKGROUND: 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonists, particularly resveratrol (RES), have not been extensively evaluated for their effect on insulin dysregulation (ID) in horses. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the effects of treatment with RES (10 mg/kg PO q12h), metformin (MET; 30 mg/kg PO q12h), and aspirin (ASP; 20 mg/kg PO q24h) on experimentally induced ID. ANIMALS: Thirty-three healthy, adult, light-breed horses...
December 13, 2023: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38083907/survival-rates-and-factors-associated-with-survival-and-laminitis-of-horses-with-acute-diarrhoea-admitted-to-referral-institutions
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego E Gomez, Bettina Dunkel, David L Renaud, Luis G Arroyo, Angelika Schoster, Jamie J Kopper, David Byrne, Ramiro E Toribio
BACKGROUND: Clinicopathological findings and their association with the outcome and development of laminitis in horses with acute diarrhoea has not been investigated in a multicentre study across different geographic regions. OBJECTIVES: Describe and compare clinicopathologic findings of diarrhoeic horses between different geographic regions, survival rates and factors associated with non-survival and laminitis. STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective case series...
December 11, 2023: Equine Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38066683/a-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-antagonist-reduces-the-insulin-response-to-a-glycaemic-meal-in-ponies1
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melody A de Laat, Danielle M Fitzgerald, Patricia A Harris, Simon R Bailey
High plasma concentrations of insulin can cause acute laminitis. Ponies and horses with insulin dysregulation (ID) exhibit marked hyperinsulinaemia in response to dietary hydrolysable carbohydrates. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone released from the gastrointestinal tract, enhances insulin release, and is increased post-prandially in ponies with ID. The aim of this study was to determine whether blocking the GLP-1 receptor reduces the insulin response to a high glycaemic meal. Five adult ponies were adapted to a cereal meal then given two feed challenges 24 h apart of a meal containing 3 g/kg BW micronized maize...
December 8, 2023: Journal of Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38046433/diagnosis-of-potomac-horse-fever-syn-equine-neorickettsiosis-in-2-foals-in-southwestern-ontario
#16
Rosalie Fortin-Trahan, Erika Sjolin, Amy Lack, Cristina Lopez de Arbina, Amy McFadden-Bennett, Lidan Wang, John D Baird, Yasuko Rikihisa, Luis G Arroyo
Potomac horse fever (PHF) is characterized by fever, depression, anorexia, ileus, diarrhea, and occasionally, laminitis. The disease is caused by infection with Neorickettsia risticii and/or N. findlayensis . Equids of all ages may be affected; however, the condition has not been well-characterized in foals. This report describes clinical signs, laboratory findings, and treatment of 2 foals diagnosed with PHF in southwestern Ontario. Feces submitted for an equine PCR panel tested positive for Neorickettsia spp...
December 2023: Canadian Veterinary Journal. la Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043699/prolonged-hyperinsulinemia-increases-the-production-of-inflammatory-cytokines-in-equine-digital-lamellae-but-not-in-striated-muscle
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W M N K Jayathilake, M A de Laat, M Furr, C Risco, V A Lacombe
Hyperinsulinemia is the key feature of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) which leads to debilitating sequelae. Hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis (HAL) is one of the major sequelae of EMS, although the pathophysiological mechanisms are not well elucidated. Using an equine model, we hypothesized that expression of inflammatory markers would be increased in digital lamellae and striated muscle following prolonged hyperinsulinemia. Healthy Standardbred horses (5.4 ± 1.9 years) were alternately assigned to a prolonged euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (pEHC) or control group (n=4 per group)...
December 1, 2023: Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37985219/obesity-and-obesity-associated-metabolic-disease-conditions-in-connemara-ponies-in-ireland
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Saleh Al-Ansari, Emma Golding, Nicola Walshe, Carmel T Mooney, Vivienne Duggan
BACKGROUND: Equine obesity combined with insulin dysregulation (ID) is a major risk factor associated with laminitis. Some pony breeds appear to be at increased risk. However, little is known regarding the prevalence of obesity or hyperinsulinaemia as evidence of ID in Irish ponies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and associated endocrine/metabolic disease conditions in Connemara ponies and to determine if hyperinsulinaemia in these ponies could be predicted by morphometric or metabolic markers...
November 20, 2023: Equine Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37984355/diagnostic-approaches-aetiological-agents-and-their-associations-with-short-term-survival-and-laminitis-in-horses-with-acute-diarrhoea-admitted-to-referral-institutions
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego E Gomez, Luis G Arroyo, Angelika Schoster, David L Renaud, Jamie J Kopper, Bettina Dunkel, David Byrne, Ramiro E Toribio
BACKGROUND: An international description of the diagnostic approaches used in different institutions to diagnose acute equine diarrhoea and the pathogens detected is lacking. OBJECTIVES: To describe the diagnostic approach, aetiological agents, outcome, and development of laminitis for diarrhoeic horses worldwide. STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective case series. METHODS: Information from horses with acute diarrhoea presenting to participating institutions between 2016 and 2020, including diagnostic approaches, pathogens detected and their associations with outcomes, were compared between institutions or geographic regions...
November 20, 2023: Equine Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37903451/radiographic-analysis-of-the-dorsal-hoof-wall-thickness-in-clinically-normal-draft-horses
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Casey D Larsen, Thomas E Wilkinson, Gregory D Roberts, Sarah C Guess, John S Mattoon, Macarena G Sanz
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the radiographic thickness of the dorsal hoof wall in normal draft horse feet. ANIMALS: 33 adult draft horses with no history of laminitis, no clinically obvious lameness, and visibly unremarkable front feet were included. METHODS: This was a prospective, descriptive study of clinically normal draft horses' front feet. Lateromedial radiographs were acquired of the front feet. A ratio of the dorsal hoof wall thickness to the length of the distal phalanx (DHWP3 ratio) was calculated...
November 1, 2023: American Journal of Veterinary Research
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