transient ischemic accident

A male in his 60s with stroke risk factors presented with confusion and word-finding difficulties. He was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke in the right basal ganglia. He was started on secondary stroke prevention measures including dual antiplatelet therapy and a high-dose statin. A highly reactive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) was performed as part of the workup and found to be positive. Follow-up fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (TPA) test was also positive, confirming a diagnosis of syphilis...

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to compare holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) outcomes in patients with and without neurologic diseases (ND). METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing HoLEP from January 2021 to April 2022 was reviewed. The following NDs were included: diabetes-related neuropathy/neurogenic bladder, Parkinson's disease, dementia, cerebrovascular accident, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, transient ischemic attack, brain/spinal tumors, myasthenia gravis, spinal cord injury, and other...

Sneddon syndrome, also known as livedo reticularis with cerebrovascular accidents, is a rare but chronic condition that affects blood vessels in the skin and brain. This syndrome is characterized by a net-like appearance on the skin, known as livedo reticularis, which occurs due to the constriction of blood vessels. In addition to skin manifestations, Sneddon syndrome is often associated with repeated neurological events, such as strokes or transient ischemic attacks. These neurological symptoms can vary in severity and can lead to various complications...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal treatment strategy for patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors reviewed clinical guidelines for the management of patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis 60-99%, as well as medical studies and meta-analyses comparing carotid endarterectomy and optimal drug therapy in asymptomatic patients between 1993 and 2023. RESULTS: The choice of treatment strategy for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is still a controversial issue...

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a rare condition characterized by a temporary loss of the ability to form new memories. Retrograde episodic memory loss may also occur but to a lesser extent. Although TGA is generally benign, its sudden onset and similarity to more dangerous conditions like transient ischemic attack (TIA) or cerebral vascular accident (CVA) can be concerning. We present the case of a 70-year-old female who experienced confusion and general memory loss after a vigorous workout on her stationary exercise bike...

BACKGROUND: Clinical characteristics and long-term data on the safety and efficacy of LAAC in preventing cerebrovascular accident and thromboembolism among Chinese patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) remain limited. METHODS: Data of consecutive NVAF patients who underwent LAAC at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021, were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the composite endpoint of stroke/transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, and death from cardiovascular causes...

BACKGROUND: Currently, the type of patch used for carotid endarterectomy closure depends on the preference of the operating surgeon. Various materials are available, including autologous venous patches, bovine pericardial patches (BPP), and synthetic patches. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes. METHODS: All patients who underwent primary carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty using a venous, bovine, or polyester patch between 2010 and 2020 at two high-volume medical centers were included in this retrospective analysis on largely prospectively collected data...

Modern strategies for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke (IS) are based on long-term use of drugs from three main pharmaceutical groups (antihypertensive, lipid-lowering and antithrombotic drugs). In practical terms, the most difficult thing for a practitioner is the choice of antithrombotic therapy with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents. Antithrombotic therapy for patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents has changed significantly in recent years. Clinical guidelines mention traditional and new oral anticoagulants, and the family of antiplatelet agents that can be used in clinical practice has expanded...

PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of adverse cerebrovascular events following shoulder arthroscopy in the beach-chair position when compared with the lateral position. METHODS: Records of 5 shoulder surgeons were searched using Current Procedural Technology codes to identify patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery in both the beach-chair and lateral positions between 2015 and 2020. Using both Current Procedural Technology codes for cerebrovascular accident (CVA) imaging as well as the International Classification of Diseases , Tenth Revision , codes for CVA and late neurologic sequela, patient charts were analyzed in the 30-day postoperative period...

AIM: Analysis of in-hospital and long-term results of carotid endarterectomy (CEE) in patients with different severity of coronary atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This comparative, retrospective, open study for the period from January 2013 to April 2020 included 1719 patients operated on for occlusive-stenotic lesions of the internal carotid arteries (ICA). Classical and eversion CEA were used as revascularization strategies. The criteria for inclusion in the study were: 1...

PURPOSE: To identify all reported cases of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) in the literature and present a similar case of CRAO from our clinic. METHODS: PubMed database was searched for studies reporting RAO in individuals with PFO. Relevant data were tabulated and reviewed. We estimated each case's Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score. RESULTS: 23 cases of CRAO (n=10; including ours), BRAO (n=10), and CILRAO (n=3) were reviewed...

Stent thrombosis (ST) is a rare but catastrophic event to happen to a stented coronary artery. The incidence of ST has greatly been reduced after the advent of modern drug-eluting stent (DES) implants, which have become the most preferred treatment option in the stenting category for coronary artery disease (CAD). Although the risk reduction by newer category implant provides substantial benefits, the possibility of thrombosis still exists mostly during the early stage of DES implantation. The development of ST after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be predicted by multiple factors, but advancements in early diagnostic techniques and modified stent types have greatly reduced the occurrence of this complication...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the representation of risk factors and treatment adherence in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single-stage cross-sectional non-comparable study was conducted, which included 492 patients, of whom 133 had an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (main group, MG), 344 had chronic cerebrovascular pathology (comparison group, CG). The representation of risk factors, the state of cognitive functions, the severity of anxiety and depression were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION: Acute decompensated heart failure (AHF) is a clinical syndrome with a poor prognosis. AIM: This study was conducted to identify clusters of inpatients with acute decompensated heart failure that shared similarities in their clinical features. METHODS: We analyzed data from a cohort of patients with acute decompensated heart failure hospitalized between February 2013 and January 2017 in a Department of Cardiology. Patients were clustered using factorial analysis of mixed data...

BACKGROUND: Abstracting cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) from inpatient electronic medical records (EMRs) through natural language processing (NLP) is pivotal for automated disease surveillance and improving patient outcomes. Existing methods rely on coders' abstraction, which has time delays and under-coding issues. This study sought to develop an NLP-based method to detect CeVD using EMR clinical notes. METHODS: CeVD status was confirmed through a chart review on randomly selected hospitalized patients who were 18 years or older and discharged from 3 hospitals in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, between January 1 and June 30, 2015...

Stroke is a major cause of fatalities and disabilities around the world, yet the available treatments for it are still limited. The quest for more efficacious drugs and therapies is still an arduous task. LY2922470 is currently used as a G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported protective effects of other GPR40 activators on the brain; however, it remains unclear whether LY2922470 could be a new stroke therapy and improve the stroke-induced brain damage...

Cocaine abuse with its complications is a common problem that presents often in the emergency room. Complications of cocaine use can involve multiple systems. These complications can arise within each system simultaneously or at different times. We treated a patient who presented with symptoms of cerebrovascular accident and was found to have concomitant non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). A 54-year-old male with medical history significant for hypertension and prior MI presented to emergency department with left leg and arm numbness first noticed when he woke up in the morning of presentation...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurologic disorder that presents with variable symptoms and symmetrical abnormal white matter signaling most commonly of the occipital and parietal lobes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PRES, also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is commonly associated with hypertension. Hypomagnesemia's association with PRES has been rarely reported. Here, we report a patient with severe hypomagnesemia that presented with PRES syndrome that improved with magnesium replacement...

BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients with a history of stroke are encouraged to receive chronic red blood cell exchange (RBCx) for stroke prevention. The American Society of Hematology guideline published in 2020 recommends an HbS target of <30%. However, this approach necessitates more frequent RBCx and more RBC units. UT Southwestern has devised a chronic exchange protocol that elevates the HbS target to <50% in patients with a low risk of stroke. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective chart review study reviewed the medical records of patients receiving chronic RBCx with a target of HbS <50% over the past 10-year period to assess the safety of maintaining higher HbS targets in SCD patients with a low risk of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA)...

BACKGROUND: Options for endovascular treatment of carotid artery disease have been developed to compliment with carotid endarterectomy, transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TFCAS) and a hybrid approach with transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). We sought to capture endpoints outside of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and death involved with each procedure at our institution as well as evaluate cost. METHODS: Carotid stent procedures performed from 2014 to 2020 at our institution underwent comparative analysis based upon access site and type of stent procedure performed, TFCAS versus TCAR...