keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499217/construction-and-analysis-of-the-immune-effect-of-two-different-vaccine-types-based-on-vibrio-harveyi-vgrg
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangyu Du, Minjie Kang, Chunhuan Yang, Xinping Yao, Lvliang Zheng, Ying Wu, Panpan Zhang, Han Zhang, Yongcan Zhou, Yun Sun
Vibrio harveyi poses a significant threat to fish and invertebrates in mariculture, resulting in substantial financial repercussions for the aquaculture sector. Valine-glycine repeat protein G (VgrG) is essential for the type VI secretion system's (T6SS) assembly and secretion. VgrG from V. harveyi QT520 was cloned and analyzed in this study. The localization of VgrG was determined by Western blot, which revealed that it was located in the cytoplasm, secreted extracellularly, and attached to the membrane. The effectiveness of two vaccinations against V...
March 16, 2024: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387449/single-nucleus-sequencing-of-silkworm-larval-brain-reveals-the-key-role-of-lysozyme-in-the-antiviral-immune-response-in-brain-hemocytes
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Feng, Shigang Fei, Jinglei Zou, Junming Xia, Wenxuan Lai, Yigui Huang, Luc Swevers, Jingchen Sun
The brain is considered as an immune-privileged organ, yet innate immune reactions can occur in the central nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates. Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an economically important insect and a lepidopteran model species. The diversity of cell types in the silkworm brain, and how these cell subsets produce an immune response to virus infection, remains largely unknown. We used single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to identify 19 distinct clusters representing Kenyon cell, glial cell, olfactory projection neuron, optic lobes neuron, hemocyte-like cell, and muscle cell types in the B...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Innate Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37894549/lysozyme-inhibitors-as-tools-for-lysozyme-profiling-identification-and-antibacterial-function-of-lysozymes-in-the-hemolymph-of-the-blue-mussel
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lise Vanderkelen, Joris M Van Herreweghe, Chris W Michiels
Lysozymes are universal components of the innate immune system of animals that kill bacteria by hydrolyzing their main cell wall polymer, peptidoglycan. Three main families of lysozyme have been identified, designated as chicken (c)-, goose (g)- and invertebrate (i)-type. In response, bacteria have evolved specific protein inhibitors against each of the three lysozyme families. In this study, we developed a serial array of three affinity matrices functionalized with a c-, g-, and i-type inhibitors for lysozyme typing, i...
October 13, 2023: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36417479/small-immune-effectors-coordinate-peptidoglycan-derived-immunity-to-regulate-intestinal-bacteria-in-shrimp
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ping-Ping Liu, Zhe Wei, Zi-Hua Cheng, Xian-Wei Wang
Small antibacterial effectors, including lysozymes, lectins, and antimicrobial peptides, are key regulators of intestinal immunity. However, whether there is coordination among them during regulation is an interesting, but largely unknown, issue. In the present study, we revealed that small effectors synergistically regulate peptidoglycan-derived intestinal immunity in the kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. A C-type lysozyme (LysC) was screened as a responsive factor for the intestine-bacteria interaction...
November 2022: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35447159/wnt5b-plays-a-negative-role-in-antibacterial-response-in-pacific-white-shrimp-penaeus-vannamei
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linwei Yang, Zi-Ang Wang, Hongliang Zuo, Zhixun Guo, Shaoping Weng, Jianguo He, Xiaopeng Xu
The Wnt family genes are essentially implicated in development and growth in animals. Accumulating clues have pointed to the importance of Wnts in invertebrate immunity, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear to date. The Wnt5b has been known to promote white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in shrimp but its role in antibacterial response remains unclear. In the current study, we focused on the involvement of Wnt5b in Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. We demonstrated that the expression of Wnt5b was regulated by the IMD-Relish and JAK-STAT pathways but not the Dorsal pathway and was suppressed upon bacterial infection...
April 18, 2022: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35405184/characterization-and-functional-analysis-of-a-c-type-lysozyme-gene-from-obscure-puffer-takifugu-obscurus
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui-Xia Wang, Ying Huang, Yan Shi, Fu-Hui Jiang, Yang Gao, Xin Liu, Zhe Zhao
Lysozyme (Lyz) is an alkaline enzyme that hydrolyzes mucopolysaccharides in bacteria and is highly conserved vertebrates and invertebrates. In this study, a c-type lysozyme gene (named ToLyzC) from the obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus was cloned and characterized. The full-length cDNA of ToLyzC was 432 bp, encoding 143 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 16.2 kDa and a theoretical pI of 8.86. The depicted protein sequence contained a LYZ1 domain from 16 to 142 amino acids, seven conserved cysteine residues...
April 8, 2022: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34946706/a-g-type-lysozyme-from-deep-sea-hydrothermal-vent-shrimp-kills-selectively-gram-negative-bacteria
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing-Chang Luo, Jian Zhang, Li Sun
Lysozyme is a key effector molecule of the innate immune system in both vertebrate and invertebrate. It is classified into six types, one of which is the goose-type (g-type). To date, no study on g-type lysozyme in crustacean has been documented. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a g-type lysozyme (named LysG1) from the shrimp inhabiting a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in Manus Basin. LysG1 possesses conserved structural features of g-type lysozymes. The recombinant LysG1 (rLysG1) exhibited no muramidase activity and killed selectively Gram-negative bacteria in a manner that depended on temperature, pH, and metal ions...
December 16, 2021: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34943746/applications-of-lysozyme-an-innate-immune-defense-factor-as-an-alternative-antibiotic
#8
REVIEW
Patrizia Ferraboschi, Samuele Ciceri, Paride Grisenti
Lysozyme is a ~14 kDa protein present in many mucosal secretions (tears, saliva, and mucus) and tissues of animals and plants, and plays an important role in the innate immunity, providing protection against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Three main different types of lysozymes are known: the c-type (chicken or conventional type), the g-type (goose type), and the i-type (invertebrate type). It has long been the subject of several applications due to its antimicrobial properties. The problem of antibiotic resistance has stimulated the search for new molecules or new applications of known compounds...
December 14, 2021: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34579574/antimicrobial-peptides-or-how-our-ancestors-learned-to-control-the-microbiome
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas C G Bosch, Michael Zasloff
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short and generally positively charged peptides found in a wide variety of life forms from microorganisms to humans. Their wide range of activity against pathogens, including Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and enveloped viruses makes them a fundamental component of innate immunity. Marra et al. (A. Marra, M. A. Hanson, S. Kondo, B. Erkosar, B. Lemaitre, mBio 12:e0082421, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00824-21) use the analytical potential of Drosophila to show that AMPs and lysozymes play a direct role in controlling the composition and abundance of the beneficial gut microbiome...
September 28, 2021: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33673220/functional-and-morphological-changes-induced-in-mytilus-hemocytes-by-selected-nanoparticles
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manon Auguste, Craig Mayall, Francesco Barbero, Matej Hočevar, Stefano Alberti, Giacomo Grassi, Victor F Puntes, Damjana Drobne, Laura Canesi
Nanoparticles (NPs) show various properties depending on their composition, size, and surface coating, which shape their interactions with biological systems. In particular, NPs have been shown to interact with immune cells, that represent a sensitive surveillance system of external and internal stimuli. In this light, in vitro models represent useful tools for investigating nano-bio-interactions in immune cells of different organisms, including invertebrates. In this work, the effects of selected types of NPs with different core composition, size and functionalization (custom-made PVP-AuNP and commercial nanopolystyrenes PS-NH2 and PS-COOH) were investigated in the hemocytes of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis ...
February 12, 2021: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32896621/production-of-an-invertebrate-lysozyme-of-scylla-paramamosain-in-e-coli-and-evaluation-of-its-antibacterial-antioxidant-and-anti-inflammatory-effects
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Dong, Chunlong Sun
Lysozymes, which are secreted in many organisms, including invertebrates, mammals, plants, bacteria and fungus, exhibit antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Splys-i is an invertebrate-type (i-type) lysozyme isolated from Scylla paramamosain in 2017 and is involved in immune defense against bacteria. However, the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Splys-i remain to be elucidated. In the current study, the expression parameters (including IPTG concentration, induction temperature, and induction duration) of Splys-i in Escherichia coli were optimized to achieve high-level yield through shake-flask cultivation with approximately 120 mg of Splys-i obtained from 1 L of LB medium...
September 4, 2020: Protein Expression and Purification
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32151687/crystal-structure-of-a-c-type-lysozyme-from-litopenaeus-vanamei-exhibiting-a-high-binding-constant-to-its-chitotriose-inhibitor
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia L Vargas-Requena, Adela Rodríguez-Romero, Benjamin García-Ramírez, Rogerio R Sotelo-Mundo, Alejandra Hernández-Santoyo
Although information about invertebrate lysozymes is scarce, these enzymes have been described as components of the innate immune system, functioning as antibacterial proteins. Here we describe the first thermodynamic and structural study of a new C-type lysozyme from a Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (LvL), which has shown high activity against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria including Vibrio sp. that is one of the most severe pathogens in penaeid shrimp aquaculture. Compared with hen egg-white lysozyme, its sequence harbors a seven-residue insertion from amino acid 97 to 103, and a nine-residue extension at the C-terminus only found in penaeid crustaceans, making this enzyme one of the longest lysozyme reported to date...
March 6, 2020: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31521019/expression-and-presentation-of-immune-related-membrane-proteins-of-fish-by-a-cell-surface-display-platform-using-insect-cells
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Tasumi, Keisuke Kobayashi, Shihori Takanashi, Shuichi Asakawa, Osamu Nakamura, Kiyoshi Kikuchi, Yuzuru Suzuki
Cell surface display is a useful platform to examine the interactions between two proteins of interest, such as immune receptors and ligands. This technique is also useful for studies on the immune receptors of lower vertebrates and invertebrates. However, in many cases, the commonly used cell culture temperature is relatively high for proteins from such organisms. Since insect cells can be cultured at lower temperatures than many other cells, and since they are equipped with "quality control" system, which is advantageous for the presentation of properly folded proteins, we anticipated that the insect cell surface display system could be more suitable for that type of research...
September 11, 2019: Molecular Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31340169/the-bacteriolytic-mechanism-of-an-invertebrate-type-lysozyme-from-mollusk-octopus-ocellatus
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiying Li, Xiumei Wei, Jialong Yang, Ranran Zhang, Qin Zhang, Jianmin Yang
As an important economic mollusk in coastal areas, Octopus ocellatus dependents on innate immune system to resist the invasion of microorganisms. Lysozyme is a crucial effector owing to its significant lytic activity against bacterial pathogens during the immune responses. In this study, characteristic and immune function of an I-type lysozyme from O. ocellatus (OoLyz) was investigated. OoLyz shared a close relationship with the lysozymes from other bivalve mollusks. The mRNA of OoLyz exhibited a broad transcript in different tissues/organs, and with the greatest expression in hepatopancreas...
October 2019: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30946959/gene-identification-and-antimicrobial-activity-analysis-of-a-novel-lysozyme-from-razor-clam-sinonovacula-constricta
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming Guo, Huihui Wang, Yina Shao, Ronglian Xing, Xuelin Zhao, Weiwei Zhang, Chenghua Li
Lysozymes are important immune effectors present in phylogenetically diverse organisms. They play vital roles in bacterial elimination during early immune responses. In the present study, a second invertebrate-type (i-type) lysozyme gene from razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (denoted as ScLYZ-2) was cloned by RACE and nested PCR methods. The full-length cDNA sequences of ScLYZ-2 were 1558 bp, including a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 375 bp, an open reading frame of 426 bp, and a 3'-UTR of 757 bp with polyadenylation signal sequence (AATAAA) located upstream of the poly(A) tail...
April 1, 2019: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30031064/molecular-characterization-expression-and-antibacterial-activity-of-a-c-type-lysozyme-isolated-from-the-manila-clam-ruditapes-philippinarum
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianyu Wei, Changkao Mu, Chunlin Wang, Jianmin Zhao
Lysozyme is an antibacterial enzyme that is widely distributed in nature and plays an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections. In this study, a c-type lysozyme (designated as "RpCLYZ") was cloned and characterized from the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. The full-length cDNA was 619 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 447 bp, and encoded a polypeptide of 148 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 17.0 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.83. RpCLYZ was found to share high sequence similarity with c-type lysozymes from other invertebrates...
October 2018: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29909090/pclys-i3-an-invertebrate-lysozyme-is-involved-in-the-antibacterial-immunity-of-the-red-swamp-crayfish-procambarus-clarkii
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Liu, Ying-Hao Zhang, Tong Li, Xiao-Tong Cao, Yang Zhou, Jun-Fa Yuan, Ze-Mao Gu, Jiang-Feng Lan
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play important roles in innate immunity against pathogens and lysozymes are a particularly type of AMP. Lysozymes are hydrolytic enzymes that are characterized by their ability to cleave the beta-(1,4)-glycosidic bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in peptidoglycan, which is the major bacterial cell wall polymer. In this work, a lysozyme was identified from Procambarus clarkii and designated PcLys-i3. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the tissue distribution and expression profiles of PcLys-i3...
October 2018: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29753144/isolation-of-an-invertebrate-type-lysozyme-from-the-nephridia-of-the-echiura-urechis-unicinctus-and-its-recombinant-production-and-activities
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye Young Oh, Chan-Hee Kim, Hye-Jin Go, Nam Gyu Park
Invertebrates, unlike vertebrates which have adaptive immune system, rely heavily on the innate immune system for the defense against pathogenic bacteria. Lysozymes, along with other immune effectors, are regarded as an important group in this defense. An invertebrate-type (i-type) lysozyme, designated Urechis unicinctus invertebrate-type lysozyme, Uu-ilys, has been isolated from nephridia of Urechis unicinctus using a series of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and ultrasensitive radial diffusion assay (URDA) as a bioassay system...
August 2018: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29680689/chicken-type-lysozyme-functions-in-the-antibacterial-immunity-in-red-swamp-cray%C3%AF-sh-procambarus-clarkii
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tian-Jiang Liao, Jie Gao, Jin-Xing Wang, Xian-Wei Wang
Lysozymes possess antibacterial activities, making them crucial defense proteins in innate immunity. In this study, a chicken-type (c-type) lysozyme (designated PcLyzc) was cloned and characterized from red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. The full-length cDNA had an open reading frame of 435 base pairs encoding a polypeptide of 144 amino acid residues. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis revealed that PcLyzc shared high similarity to the other known invertebrate c-type lysozymes. PcLyzc transcripts were steadily expressed in a wide range of tissues in healthy crayfish, and were prominently up-regulated in the hepatopancreas and gills after Vibrio anguillarum or Aeromonas hydrophila challenge...
August 2018: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29651700/engineering-pichia-pastoris-for-efficient-production-of-a-novel-bifunctional-strongylocentrotus-purpuratus-invertebrate-type-lysozyme
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng Huang, Jinlei Shi, Qingwen Sun, Xianping Dong, Ning Zhang
Lysozymes are known as ubiquitously distributed immune effectors with hydrolytic activity against peptidoglycan, the major bacterial cell wall polymer, to trigger cell lysis. In the present study, the full-length cDNA sequence of a novel sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus invertebrate-type lysozyme (sp-iLys) was synthesized according to the codon usage bias of Pichia pastoris and was cloned into a constitutive expression plasmid pPIC9K. The resulting plasmid, pPIC9K-sp-iLys, was integrated into the genome of P...
October 2018: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
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