keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536564/metabolic-consequences-of-anabolic-steroids-insulin-and-growth-hormone-abuse-in-recreational-bodybuilders-implications-for-the-world-anti-doping-agency-passport
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo, Chiara Biasinutto, Alessandro Mangogna, Nicola Fiotti, Pierandrea Vinci, Rado Pisot, Filippo Mearelli, Bostjan Simunic, Chiara Roni, Gianni Biolo
BACKGROUND: Hormonal doping in recreational sports is a public-health concern. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) promoted the creation of the Athlete Biological Passport, aiming to monitor athlete's biological variables over time to facilitate indirect detection of doping. Detection tests for anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and growth hormone (GH) are available while insulin abuse cannot be revealed. We have determined in recreational bodybuilders the metabolic effects associated with different patterns of hormone abuse...
March 27, 2024: Sports Medicine—Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535731/acute-hemodynamic-metabolic-and-hormonal-responses-to-a-boxing-exergame-with-and-without-blood-flow-restriction-in-non-athlete-young-individuals
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zohreh Karimi, Zeynabalsadat Mousavi, Michael Nordvall, Alexei Wong, Reza Bagheri, Frederic Dutheil
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare acute hemodynamic, metabolic (glucose and blood lactate concentrations), hormonal (growth hormone and normetanephrine), heart rate variability (HRV), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses before and after bouts of a boxing exergame with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) in non-athlete young individuals. METHODS: Fourteen participants (age: 30 ± 10 y; BMI: 21 ± 3 kg.m-2 ) participated in two sessions of a 20 min boxing exergame...
February 23, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532850/a-case-report-of-primary-hyperparathyroidism-in-an-adolescent-during-ramadan-fast
#3
Ujunwa Justina Eze, Sundus Elfadil
Primary hyperparathyroidism is rare in children and usually presents with nonspecific symptoms. Ramadan fasting has been reported to unmask the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. A 15-year-old boy presented to the clinic for an emergency department follow up visit. He had started Ramadan fasting a week before his presentation to the clinic. He reported unintentional weight loss, abdominal pain, constipation, frequent headaches, exercise intolerance, tiredness, and palpitations. Physical examination was unremarkable except that he looked tired...
2024: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529169/effect-of-ketogenic-diet-on-obesity-and-other-metabolic-disorders-narrative-review
#4
REVIEW
Temesgen Baylie, Tiget Ayelgn, Markeshaw Tiruneh, Kibur Hunie Tesfa
Obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that increases the burden of different chronic diseases in the population. It has reached epidemic proportions and is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis, and some malignancies. Weight gain is a result of excessive energy intake compared to energy expenditure (energy loss from metabolism and physical exercise). A ketogenic diet has a more useful effect on obesity than other diets...
2024: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525741/management-of-vertebral-fragility-fracture-in-older-people-recommendations-from-a-spanish-consensus-of-experts
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Santos Castañeda, Carmen Navarro Ceballos, Jaqueline Usón Jaeger, Carolina de Miguel Benadiba, Esteban Gómez Martín, Guillermo Martínez Díaz-Guerra, Luis Alvarez-Galovich
Vertebral fragility fractures (VFF) pose a challenge for appropriate care. The aim of this study was to develop consensus recommendations for the management of VFF in older people from a multidisciplinary approach. Specialists in osteoporosis belonging to different scientific societies reviewed the main clinical practice guidelines published in Spain in 2014. Thirty-five recommendations for the management of VFF were evaluated by seven experts using an anonymous survey. Consensus was defined as 80% of responses of 8 (agree) and 9 (strongly agree) on a Likert scale...
February 23, 2024: Geriatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525330/kairos-study-protocol-a-multidisciplinary-approach-to-the-study-of-school-timing-and-its-effects-on-health-well-being-and-students-performance
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan, Diego Carmona-Talavera, Belén Catalán-Gregori, Elena Mañas-García, Vanessa Martin-Carbonell, Lucía Monfort, Elvira Martinez-Besteiro, Mònica González-Carrasco, María Jesús Hernández-Jiménez, Kadri Täht, Marta Talavera, Ana Ancheta-Arrabal, Guillermo Sáez, Nuria Estany, Gonzalo Pin-Arboledas, Catia Reis
Recent evidence from chronobiology, chssronomedicine and chronopsychology shows that the organisation of social time (e.g., school schedules) generally does not respect biological time. This raises concerns about the impact of the constant mismatch between students' social and internal body clocks on their health, well-being and academic performance. The present paper describes a protocol used to investigate the problem of (de) synchronisation of biological times (chronotypes) in childhood and youth in relation to school times...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524710/knee-laxities-changes-with-sex-steroids-throughout-the-menstrual-cycle-phases-in-athlete-and-non-athlete-females
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Firouzeh Dehghan, Rahman Soori, Ashril Yusof
Objective:  Our study investigated changes of knee laxities in athletes and non-athletes females and relationship between knee laxity and sex-steroid at menstrual cycle phases. Methods:  Forty six healthy females, twenty four athletes and twenty two non-athletes not on hormone contraceptive pills, had no previous knee injuries and with regular menstrual cycles for 3 consecutive months, participated in the study. Medial and lateral knee laxities were determined by varus-valgus tests at follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases...
February 2024: Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522953/recent-advances-in-the-application-of-mendelian-randomization-to-chronic-kidney-disease
#8
REVIEW
Chaofan Wen, Lanlan Chen, Dan Jia, Ziqi Liu, Yidan Lin, Guan Liu, Shuo Zhang, Baoshan Gao
OBJECTIVE: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and has been a focus of extensive research. Utilizing Mendelian randomization, researchers have begun to untangle the complex causal relationships underlying CKD. This review delves into the advances and challenges in the application of MR in the field of nephrology, shifting from a mere summary of its principles and limitations to a more nuanced exploration of its contributions to our understanding of CKD...
December 2024: Renal Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522940/factors-associated-with-low-bone-mineral-density-in-turner-syndrome-a-multicenter-prospective-observational-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kento Ikegawa, Eri Koga, Tomoyo Itonaga, Hideya Sakakibara, Masanobu Kawai, Yukihiro Hasegawa
Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a high risk of fracture due to low bone mineral density (BMD). While hypogonadism is known to play a role in decreasing BMD, other factors have not been studied well. Focusing on diet, exercise, and bone metabolism markers, the present, multicentric, prospective, observational study aimed to identify factors contributing to decreased BMD in TS. In total, 48 patients with TS aged between 5 and 49 years comprising a pre-pubertal group (n = 9), a cyclical menstruation group (n = 6), and a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group (n = 33) were enrolled...
March 22, 2024: Endocrine Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519764/diet-exercise-and-supplements-what-is-their-role-in-the-management-of-the-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-in-children
#10
REVIEW
Anastasios Serbis, Stergios A Polyzos, Stavroula A Paschou, Ekaterini Siomou, Dimitrios N Kiortsis
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the main cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. Indeed, epidemiological studies have shown that MASLD affects up to 40% of children with obesity. Despite the recent approval of medications that target weight loss in adolescents that could have benefits on pediatric MASLD, lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, remain the mainstay of our therapeutic approach...
March 22, 2024: Endocrine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517904/metabolic-impairments-associated-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-potential-effects-of-exercise-therapy-an-exploratory-randomized-trial-based-on-untargeted-metabolomics
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Furong Zhang, Xixi Chen, Mingxiao Yang, Xiaoyu Shen, Yiliang Wang, Dongling Zhong, Fang Zeng, Rongjiang Jin
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common condition that is characterized by metabolic impairments. Exercise therapy has proven effective in improving the physiological and psychological states of patients with T2DM; however, the influence of different exercise modalities on metabolic profiles is not fully understood. This study first aimed to investigate the metabolic changes associated with T2DM among patients and then to evaluate the potential physiological effects of different exercise modalities (Tai Chi and brisk walking) on their metabolic profiles...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511748/changes-in-ghrelin-glp-1-and-pyy-levels-after-diet-and-exercise-in-obese-individuals
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gülşah Alyar, Fatma Zuhal Umudum, Nergis Akbaş
OBJECTIVE: Diet and exercise, which are the building blocks of obesity management, provide weight loss by creating a negative energy balance. However, the effect of energy deficit induced by long-term diet and exercise on appetite hormones remains unclear. The study was designed to determine the effect of a 12-week diet and exercise program applied to obese individuals on the levels of appetite hormones, namely, ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY. METHODS: A total of 62 obese individuals (BMI≥30) and 48 healthy controls (BMI 18...
2024: Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511400/gut-hormones-and-appetite-regulation
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
So-Hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Various gut hormones interact with the brain through delicate communication, thereby influencing appetite and subsequent changes in body weight. This review summarizes the effects of gut hormones on appetite, with a focus on recent research. RECENT FINDINGS: Ghrelin is known as an orexigenic hormone, whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), cholecystokinin (CCK), postprandial peptide YY (PYY), and oxyntomodulin (OXM) are known as anorexigenic hormones...
March 22, 2024: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508342/musculoskeletal-crosstalk-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-and-comorbidities-emerging-roles-and-therapeutic-potentials
#14
REVIEW
Kevin Mou, Stanley M H Chan, Ross Vlahos
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory disorder characterized by progressive airflow limitation and systemic implications. It has become increasingly apparent that COPD exerts its influence far beyond the respiratory system, extending its impact to various organ systems. Among these, the musculoskeletal system emerges as a central player in both the pathogenesis and management of COPD and its associated comorbidities. Muscle dysfunction and osteoporosis are prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in COPD patients, leading to a substantial decline in exercise capacity and overall health...
March 18, 2024: Pharmacology & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500914/characteristics-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-case-report-investigating-the-role-of-kapha-and-pitta-doshas
#15
Ritesh Jadhav, Akash More, Shirish Vaidya, Namrata Choudhary, Shilpa Dutta, Krushnali S Kadu, Gauri Gajabe
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents complex challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its multifactorial nature. This case study focuses on a 31-year-old woman exhibiting symptoms of weight gain, irregular menstruation cycles, and hirsutism, leading to a diagnosis of PCOS. Conventional diagnostic criteria and ultrasound confirmation of multiple ovarian cysts supported the diagnosis. By integrating Ayurvedic principles alongside Western medical techniques, this study sought to address imbalances in the Kapha and Pitta doshas, fundamental energies according to Ayurveda, believed to contribute to PCOS symptoms...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495815/weight-centric-prevention-of-cancer
#16
REVIEW
Diego Anazco, Andres Acosta, Elizabeth J Cathcart-Rake, Stacy D D'Andre, Maria D Hurtado
BACKGROUND: The link between excess adiposity and carcinogenesis has been well established for multiple malignancies, and cancer is one of the main contributors to obesity-related mortality. The potential role of different weight-loss interventions on cancer risk modification has been assessed, however, its clinical implications remain to be determined. In this clinical review, we present the data assessing the effect of weight loss interventions on cancer risk. METHODS: In this clinical review, we conducted a comprehensive search of relevant literature using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies from inception to January 20, 2024...
June 2024: Obes Pillars
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493812/irisin-delays-the-onset-of-type-1-diabetes-in-nod-mice-by-enhancing-intestinal-barrier
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujing Sun, Yilin Wang, Ziang Lin, Fuhua Zhang, Yan Zhang, Tongxin Ren, LiNa Wang, Qincheng Qiao, Mengyang Shen, Juncheng Wang, Youchen Song, Yu Sun, Peng Lin
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), a complex autoimmune disease, is intricately linked to the gut's epithelial barrier function. Emerging evidence emphasizes the role of irisin, an exercise-related hormone, in preserving intestinal integrity. This study investigates whether irisin could delay T1D onset by enhancing the colon intestinal barrier. Impaired colon intestinal barriers were observed in newly diagnosed T1D patients and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, worsening with age and accompanied by islet inflammation. Using an LPS-induced colonic inflammation model, a dose-dependent impact of LPS on colon cells irisin expression, secretion, and barrier function was revealed...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493262/evaluation-of-indicators-of-acute-emotional-states-in-dogs
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah E Flint, Jennifer E Weller, Nia Parry-Howells, Zack W Ellerby, Stephanie L McKay, Tammie King
A complete assessment of animal welfare requires not just an understanding of negative emotional states, such as fear and anxiety, but also of positive states, such as calmness and happiness. However, few studies have identified accurate and reliable indicators of positive emotional states in dogs. This study aimed to identify parameters that may serve as indicators of short-term emotional states in dogs. Using a cross-over design, 60 dogs living at a research facility were exposed to six different 10-min scenarios expected to elicit responses varying in emotional valence and arousal...
March 17, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492919/effects-of-aerobic-exercise-on-the-regulation-of-mitochondrial-carrier-homolog-2-and-its-influence-on-the-catabolic-and-anabolic-activity-of-lipids-in-the-mesenteric-adipose-tissue-of-obese-mice
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego Gomes de Melo, Vivian Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues, Gustavo José de Sá Pereira, Thais Dantis Pereira de Campos, Raphael Dos Santos Canciglieri, José Rodrigo Pauli, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Célio Junior da Costa Fernandes, Leandro Pereira de Moura
The aim was to understand the direct impact of aerobic short-term exercise on lipid metabolism, specifically in regulating the mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) and how it interferes with lipid metabolism in mesenteric adipose tissue. Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control, sedentary obese, and exercised obese. The obese groups were induced into obesity for fourteen weeks of a high-fat diet, and the trained submitted to seven aerobic exercise sessions. The exercise proved the significant increase of the pPerilipin-1, a hormone-sensitive lipase gene, and modulates lipid metabolism by increasing the expression of Mtch2 and acetyl Co-A carboxylase, perhaps occurring as feedback to regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue...
March 14, 2024: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492108/the-level-of-sex-hormones-and-corticosterone-in-female-rats-during-modeling-of-visceral-obesity-subsequent-physical-activity-and-normalization-of-the-diet
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T A Mityukova, A A Basalai, O E Poluliakh, M A Darenskaya, L V Rychkova, S I Kolesnikov, N V Semenova, L I Kolesnikova
The effects of diet-induced visceral obesity and non-drug options of its correction on the level of sex hormones and corticosterone were evaluated in 84 female Wistar rats. During stage I, the rats received either a standard diet (STD) or a high-calorie diet (HCD) for 8 weeks. During stage II, the animals were divided into subgroups depending on obesity correction: without correction (STD control and HCD), transition from HCD to STD (HCD/STD) and/or physical activity (treadmill exercise) for the next 8 weeks (HCD/STD+exercise, STD+exercise, and HCD+exercise)...
March 16, 2024: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
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