keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531787/recent-progress-of-chitosan-nanoparticles-for-the-development-of-superior-delivery-of-vaccines
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moeka Nakashima, Naoko Suga, Yuka Ikeda, Sayuri Yoshikawa, Satoru Matsuda
Chitosan seems to be an innovative biological material potentially utilized as a nanoparticle carrier for drug delivery, which could be low toxic, biocompatible, and easy to prepare. Chitosan nanoparticles have been employed in gene delivery. As a type of multifunctional adjuvant, chitosan nanoparticles could activate the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway to induce cell protection and/or proliferation via the modulation of autophagy within dendritic cells. In general, adjuvants may improve the innate and/or adaptive immune responses to a vaccine antigen by facilitating the antigen presentation of antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells...
March 2024: Discovery Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531724/leveraging-seasonal-influenza-health-worker-vaccination-programmes-for-covid-19-vaccine-introduction-a-global-qualitative-analysis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna-Maria Volkmann, Shoshanna Goldin, Britney McMurren, Claire Gapare, Beth Anne Pratt, Laura Frost, Shalini Desai
BACKGROUND: Health worker vaccination programmes can help to safeguard both health workers (HWs) and their patients and enhance vaccine uptake more broadly in local communities and society. This study's objective was to increase global understanding of how existing HW vaccination programmes were leveraged for emergency COVID-19 vaccine introduction. METHODS: This qualitative study included 13 in-depth group interviews with 38 key informants with expertise in vaccine programme implementation from eleven countries in five WHO regions: Albania, Armenia, Bhutan, Lao PDR, Maldives, Mongolia, Oman, Timor Leste, the United Kingdom, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe in addition to WHO regional focal points from all six regions...
March 25, 2024: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531616/signature-reversion-of-three-disease-associated-gene-signatures-prioritizes-cancer-drug-repurposing-candidates
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer L Fisher, Elizabeth J Wilk, Vishal H Oza, Sam E Gary, Timothy C Howton, Victoria L Flanary, Amanda D Clark, Anita B Hjelmeland, Brittany N Lasseigne
Drug repurposing is promising because approving a drug for a new indication requires fewer resources than approving a new drug. Signature reversion detects drug perturbations most inversely related to the disease-associated gene signature to identify drugs that may reverse that signature. We assessed the performance and biological relevance of three approaches for constructing disease-associated gene signatures (i.e., limma, DESeq2, and MultiPLIER) and prioritized the resulting drug repurposing candidates for four low-survival human cancers...
March 26, 2024: FEBS Open Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531230/generation-and-characterization-of-an-ips-cell-line-pumci006-a-from-skin-fibroblasts-of-a-patient-with-an-m239t-mutation-in-psen2-gene
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanwan Zhu, Jinjuan Zhou, Li Shang, You Zhou, Qingyu Wang, Yuesong Yu, Liling Dong, Chenhui Mao, Shanshan Chu, Wei Jin, Jie Li, Jing Gao
Presenilin-2 (PSEN2) mutation is one of the pathogenic factors of autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). We generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from fibroblasts of an EOAD patient carrying PSEN2 mutation (c.716 T > C) utilizing Sendai reprogramming kit. The resulting iPSC line carried patient-specific point mutation, exhibited typical iPSC morphology, retained a normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers, and could form embryoid bodies. Established iPSC line serve as valuable resource for EOAD disease pathogenesis modelling and drug screening...
March 14, 2024: Stem Cell Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531134/multi-objective-ecological-restoration-priority-in-china-cost-benefit-optimization-in-different-ecological-performance-regimes-based-on-planetary-boundaries
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifei Zhao, Shiliang Liu, Hua Liu, Fangfang Wang, Yuhong Dong, Gang Wu, Yetong Li, Wanting Wang, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Weiqiang Li
In the context of the "United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration", optimizing spatiotemporal arrangements for ecological restoration is an important approach to enhancing overall socioecological benefits for sustainable development. However, against the background of ecological degradation caused by the human use of most natural resources at levels that have approached or exceeded the safe and sustainable boundaries of ecosystems, it is key to explain how to optimize ecological restoration by classified management and optimal total benefits...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531069/mouse-genome-informatics-an-integrated-knowledgebase-system-for-the-laboratory-mouse
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard M Baldarelli, Cynthia L Smith, Martin Ringwald, Joel E Richardson, Carol J Bult
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) is a federation of expertly curated information resources designed to support experimental and computational investigations into genetic and genomic aspects of human biology and disease using the laboratory mouse as a model system. The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) and the Gene Expression Database (GXD) are core MGI databases that share data and system architecture. MGI serves as the central community resource of integrated information about mouse genome features, variation, expression, gene function, phenotype, and human disease models acquired from peer-reviewed publications, author submissions, and major bioinformatics resources...
March 26, 2024: Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531024/exceptionally-high-perfluorooctanoic-acid-uptake-in-water-by-a-zirconium-based-metal-organic-framework-through-synergistic-chemical-and-physical-adsorption
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong-Ran Liang, Shunqi Xu, Zongsu Han, Yihao Yang, Kun-Yu Wang, Zhehao Huang, Joshua Rushlow, Peiyu Cai, Paolo Samorì, Hong-Cai Zhou
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an environmental contaminant ubiquitous in water resources, which as a xenobiotic and carcinogenic agent, severely endangers human health. The development of techniques for its efficient removal is therefore highly sought after. Herein, we demonstrate an unprecedented zirconium-based MOF (PCN-999) possessing Zr6 and biformate-bridged (Zr6 )2 clusters simultaneously, which exhibits an exceptional PFOA uptake of 1089 mg/g (2.63 mmol/g), representing a ca. 50% increase over the previous record for MOFs...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530775/prevalence-and-concentration-of-pesticides-in-european-waters-a-protocol-for-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel Serrano Valera, Nuria Vela, Grasiela Piuvezam, Francisco Mateo-Ramírez, Isac Davidson Santiago Fernandes Pimenta, Isabel Martínez-Alcalá
There is currently a growing interest in the so-called emerging pollutants, such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal hygiene care products, drugs, etc., whose presence in natural ecosystems is not necessarily recent, but the development in latest years of new and more sensitive methods of analysis has allowed their detection. They can be present in the natural environment, food, and many products of everyday origin, which suggests that human exposure to them is massive and universal. Therefore, the study of this type of substances is becoming one of the priority lines of research of the main agencies dedicated to the protection of public and environmental health, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) or European Union (EU)...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530388/-position-paper-on-working-in-the-intensive-care-unit-during-pregnancy-divi-recommendations-for-improving-the-situation-of-pregnant-employees-in-the-icu
#29
REVIEW
Celina Cornelius, Teresa Deffner, Aileen Hill, Christina Rohlfes, Bernd Ellner, Silke Klarmann, Sabine Riedel, Sabrina Pelz, Sabrina Kopp, Laura Borgstedt, Diana Freund, Andreas Schöpfel, Patrick Meybohm, Felix Walcher, Thorsten Brenner, Stefanie Klenke
The Maternity Protection Act is intended to protect the mother and the child from hazards, excessive demands and damage to health in the workplace, and from financial disadvantages and loss of employment. However, the objectives defined by the Maternity Protection Act-the safety and health of the pregnant employee on the one hand and the prevention of disadvantages in working life on the other-are not yet adequately achieved in the intensive care unit (ICU). Implementation of the Maternity Protection Act to the benefit of all involved parties should also be promoted in the specialist areas represented by the DIVI, in particular the work of pregnant physicians and nursing staff and other working specialists (respiratory therapists, physiotherapists, speech therapists, psychotherapists, and social workers) in the ICU...
March 26, 2024: Anaesthesiologie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530386/-position-paper-on-working-in-the-intensive-care-unit-during-pregnancy-divi-recommendations-for-improving-the-situation-of-pregnant-employees-in-the-icu
#30
REVIEW
Celina Cornelius, Teresa Deffner, Aileen Hill, Christina Rohlfes, Bernd Ellner, Silke Klarmann, Sabine Riedel, Sabrina Pelz, Sabrina Kopp, Laura Borgstedt, Diana Freund, Andreas Schöpfel, Patrick Meybohm, Felix Walcher, Thorsten Brenner, Stefanie Klenke
The Maternity Protection Act is intended to protect the mother and the child from hazards, excessive demands and damage to health in the workplace, and from financial disadvantages and loss of employment. However, the objectives defined by the Maternity Protection Act-the safety and health of the pregnant employee on the one hand and the prevention of disadvantages in working life on the other-are not yet adequately achieved in the intensive care unit (ICU). Implementation of the Maternity Protection Act to the benefit of all involved parties should also be promoted in the specialist areas represented by the DIVI, in particular the work of pregnant physicians and nursing staff and other working specialists (respiratory therapists, physiotherapists, speech therapists, psychotherapists, and social workers) in the ICU...
March 26, 2024: Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529676/significance-of-hiv-status-in-cervical-cancer-patients-receiving-curative-chemoradiation-therapy-definitive-radiation-alone-or-palliative-radiation-in-botswana
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kinza Meghani, Priya Puri, Lisa Bazzett-Matabele, Peter Vuylsteke, Rebecca Luckett, Barati Monare, Sebathu Chiyapo, Rebecca Ketlametswe, Tlotlo B Ralefala, Memory Bvochora-Nsingo, Nicola Zetola, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Surbhi Grover
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer associated with human papillomavirus has the highest cancer incidence and mortality for women in Botswana because of a high HIV prevalence and limited screening. This study investigates the significance of HIV on the overall survival (OS) of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer by various treatment categories (curative chemoradiation, definitive radiation [RT] alone, or palliative RT alone). METHODS: This study included patients diagnosed with cervical cancer between 2013 and 2020, prospectively enrolled in the Botswana Prospective Cancer Cohort...
March 26, 2024: Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529669/clinical-comparison-of-hmpv-and-rsv-infections-in-hospitalised-malaysian-children-a-propensity-score-matched-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Chun-Ern Ng, Chuin-Hen Liew, Kah Kee Tan, Elida Hanan Binti Awang, Farah Nuruliayana Binti Ahmad Nazri, Asuwani K Tamil Maran, Vishnu Arvindran A/L Chandra Mohan, Durairaaj Ramachandran, Michelle Chok, Cheah Hooi Teh, Airena Mohamad Nor, Suhaila Bt Baharuddin, Erwin Jiayuan Khoo
INTRODUCTION: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are significant contributors to the burden of acute respiratory infections in children, but data on hMPV from Southeast Asia are limited despite its potential for serious disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcomes between hMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included children aged ≤12 years old hospitalised with hMPV or RSV, confirmed via direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) methods, between 1 July to 30 October 2022 at Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Malaysia...
March 2024: Clinical Respiratory Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529502/geny-a-genotyping-tool-for-allelic-decomposition-of-killer-cell-immunoglobulin-like-receptor-genes
#33
Qinghui Zhou, Mazyar Ghezelji, Ananth Hari, Michael K B Ford, Connor Holley, Lisa Mirabello, Stephen Chanock, S Cenk Sahinalp, Ibrahim Numanagić
Accurate genotyping of Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) genes plays a pivotal role in enhancing our understanding of innate immune responses, disease correlations, and the advancement of personalized medicine. However, due to the high variability of the KIR region and high level of sequence similarity among different KIR genes, the currently available genotyping methods are unable to accurately infer copy numbers, genotypes and haplotypes of individual KIR genes from next-generation sequencing data...
March 3, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528969/the-robot-butler-how-and-why-should-we-study-predictive-algorithms-and-artificial-intelligence-ai-in-healthcare
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iben Mundbjerg Gjødsbøl, Anna Kirstine Ringgaard, Peter Christoffer Holm, Søren Brunak, Henning Bundgaard
UNLABELLED: Artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithms are heralded as significant solutions to the widening gap between the rising healthcare needs of ageing and multi-morbid populations and the scarcity of resources to provide such care. OBJECTIVE: This article investigates how the PMHnet algorithm - an AI prognostication tool developed in Denmark to predict the one-year all-cause mortality risk for patients hospitalized with ischemic heart disease - was presented to cardiologists working in the hospital setting, and how they responded to this novel decision-support tool...
2024: Digital Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528890/exploring-the-experiences-of-canadian-medical-students-with-a-background-in-the-arts-and-humanities
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khadija Ahmed, Arjun Patel, Lorelei Lingard
BACKGROUND: Arts and Humanities (A/H) training is a powerful strategy to help medical students develop key competencies which align with the CanMEDS roles that Canadian physicians are expected to embody. Students with backgrounds in A/H may enter medical school with the skills and dispositions that A/H training provides. This paper explores the varied experiences of medical students with prior A/H backgrounds, with an emphasis on how they navigate relationships with their student cohorts and participate in undergraduate medical training environments...
February 2024: Canadian Medical Education Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528864/exploring-key-job-demands-and-resources-in-norwegian-child-mental-health-services-a-cross-sectional-study-of-associations-with-and-relationship-between-compassion-satisfaction-burnout-secondary-traumatic-stress-and-turnover-intention
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samira Aminihajibashi, Tine K Jensen, Ane-Marthe Solheim Skar
BACKGROUND: Burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and high turnover rates among child mental health clinicians are a challenge, not only for the individual therapist and the organization but also for the successful implementation of evidence-based practices. However, little is known about which and how job-and implementation-related factors are associated with burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and turnover intention as well as compassion satisfaction among child therapists. In the present study, we aimed to explore these factors and related mechanisms by integrating the "professional quality of life" and the "job demands-resources" models of occupational health...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528854/endovascular-thrombectomy-for-acute-ischemic-stroke-in-indonesia-challenging-and-strategic-planning
#37
REVIEW
Beny Rilianto, Ricky Gusanto Kurniawan, Nurfadilah M Rajab, Bambang Tri Prasetyo
High rates of morbidity and mortality indicate that stroke is a major health concern. Unfortunately, the management of ischemic stroke is hindered by several obstacles, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, where the burden of morbidity and mortality remains high. In this literature review, we intend to conduct a thorough investigation and analysis of the obstacles to stroke thrombectomy in developing countries, with a focus on Indonesia. Even though numerous studies and recent advances in thrombectomy techniques have been developed, many centers around the world continue to struggle to implement them...
2024: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528789/computational-modeling-of-the-segmentation-of-sentence-stimuli-from-an-infant-word-finding-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Swingley, Robin Algayres
Computational models of infant word-finding typically operate over transcriptions of infant-directed speech corpora. It is now possible to test models of word segmentation on speech materials, rather than transcriptions of speech. We propose that such modeling efforts be conducted over the speech of the experimental stimuli used in studies measuring infants' capacity for learning from spoken sentences. Correspondence with infant outcomes in such experiments is an appropriate benchmark for models of infants...
March 2024: Cognitive Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528371/diagnostic-strategy-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-low-and-middle-income-country-perspective
#39
REVIEW
Amal Arifi Hidayat, Langgeng Agung Waskito, Titong Sugihartono, Hafeza Aftab, Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha, Ratha-Korn Vilaichone, Muhammad Miftahussurur
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder associated with substantial impairment which considerably burdens healthcare systems worldwide. Research on IBS has largely been conducted in high-income countries posing barriers to the application of diagnostic strategies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to differences in disease characteristics, healthcare resources, and socioeconomic factors. This review discusses the diagnostic issues associated with LMICs. We present a concise overview of the relevant approaches and propose a diagnostic strategy based on the latest evidence...
March 26, 2024: Intestinal Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528147/an-expanded-transcriptome-atlas-for-bacteroides-thetaiotaomicron-reveals-a-small-rna-that-modulates-tetracycline-sensitivity
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Ryan, Elise Bornet, Gianluca Prezza, Shuba Varshini Alampalli, Taís Franco de Carvalho, Hannah Felchle, Titus Ebbecke, Regan J Hayward, Adam M Deutschbauer, Lars Barquist, Alexander J Westermann
Plasticity in gene expression allows bacteria to adapt to diverse environments. This is particularly relevant in the dynamic niche of the human intestinal tract; however, transcriptional networks remain largely unknown for gut-resident bacteria. Here we apply differential RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and conventional RNA-seq to the model gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to map transcriptional units and profile their expression levels across 15 in vivo-relevant growth conditions. We infer stress- and carbon source-specific transcriptional regulons and expand the annotation of small RNAs (sRNAs)...
March 25, 2024: Nature Microbiology
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