keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534710/phenotypic-and-genotypic-characterization-of-pan-drug-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-isolated-in-qatar
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mazen A Sid Ahmed, Jemal M Hamid, Ahmed M M Hassan, Sulieman Abu Jarir, Emad Bashir Ibrahim, Hamad Abdel Hadi
In secondary healthcare, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CREs), such as those observed in Klebsiella pneumoniae , are a global public health priority with significant clinical outcomes. In this study, we described the clinical, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics of three pan-drug-resistant (PDR) isolates that demonstrated extended resistance to conventional and novel antimicrobials. All patients had risk factors for the acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms, while microbiological susceptibility testing showed resistance to all conventional antimicrobials...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534675/impact-of-genital-infections-and-antibiotic-use-on-incidence-of-preterm-birth-a-retrospective-observational-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Teodora Marti, Felix Bratosin, Ovidiu Rosca, Roxana Folescu, Cosmin Citu, Adrian Ratiu, Zoran Laurentiu Popa
This study investigates the complex interplay among genital infections, antibiotic usage, and preterm birth. This study aims to identify common genital pathogens associated with preterm births, assess the impact of various antibiotic treatments on pregnancy outcomes, and understand antibiotic resistance patterns among these pathogens. This study included 71 pregnant women who experienced preterm birth and 94 women with genital infections who delivered at term. Various maternal characteristics, medical history, signs and symptoms, gestational weight, gestational age, type of birth, vaginal pH, Nugent scores, and vaginal flora were analyzed...
March 5, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534138/the-functional-small-rna-interactome-reveals-targets-for-the-vancomycin-responsive-srna-rsaoi-in-vancomycin-tolerant-staphylococcus-aureus
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Winton Wu, Chi Nam Ignatius Pang, Daniel G Mediati, Jai Justin Tree
UNLABELLED: Small RNAs have been found to control a broad range of bacterial phenotypes including tolerance to antibiotics. Vancomycin tolerance in multidrug resistance Staphylococcus aureus is correlated with dysregulation of small RNAs although their contribution to antibiotic tolerance is poorly understood. RNA-RNA interactome profiling techniques are expanding our understanding of sRNA-mRNA interactions in bacteria; however, determining the function of these interactions for hundreds of sRNA-mRNA pairs is a major challenge...
March 27, 2024: MSystems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530465/multidrug-resistant-organism-bloodstream-infection-and-hospital-acquisition-among-inpatients-in-three-tertiary-greek-hospitals-during-the-covid-19-era
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Polyxeni Karakosta, Sophia Vourli, Elisavet Kousouli, Georgios Meletis, Areti Tychala, Christina Louka, Alexandra Vasilakopoulou, Efthymia Protonotariou, Vasiliki Mamali, Olympia Zarkotou, Lemonia Skoura, Spyros Pournaras
From 2019 (pre-COVID-19) to 2022 (COVID-19 years), three tertiary Greek hospitals monitored MDRO bloodstream infection (BSI) and hospital acquisition relying on laboratory data. Surveillance covered carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICUs. Non-ICUs experienced significant increases in CRE, CRAB and VRE during the pandemic...
March 26, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529621/ionized-water-soluble-organic-nanosheets-with-light-ultrasound-dual-excitation-channels-for-efficient-killing-of-multidrug-resistant-bacteria
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yufan Gu, Dayong Jiang, Luoyi Wang, Guangpeng Gao, Xu-Hui Jin
A novel ionized heavy-atom-free two-dimensional organic nanosheet was prepared and exhibited highly selective generation of singlet oxygen under both light and ultrasound excitation. These ionized nanosheets displayed excellent dispersibility in water and enhanced singlet oxygen production efficiency compared to their non-assembled monomers. Antimicrobial experiments have revealed their potent bactericidal effects on drug-resistant E. coli and S. aureus under both visible light and ultrasound irradiation.
March 26, 2024: Chemical Communications: Chem Comm
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526186/drug-resistant-tuberculosis-georgia-kazakhstan-kyrgyzstan-moldova-and-ukraine-2017-2022
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Naestholt Dahl, Tetiana Butova, Alex Rosenthal, Alina Grinev, Andrei Gabrielian, Sergo Vashakidze, Natalia Shubladze, Bekzat Toxanbayeva, Lyailya Chingissova, Valeriu Crudu, Dumitru Chesov, Gulmira Kalmambetova, Gulbarchyn Saparova, Christian Morberg Wejse, Dmytro Butov
In 2021, the World Health Organization recommended new extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pre-XDR tuberculosis (TB) definitions. In a recent cohort of TB patients in Eastern Europe, we show that XDR TB as currently defined is associated with exceptionally poor treatment outcomes, considerably worse than for the former definition (31% vs. 54% treatment success).
April 2024: Emerging Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525636/an-outbreak-within-an-outbreak-the-impact-of-infection-prevention-and-control-strategies-on-hospital-acquired-infections-and-the-occurrence-of-multi-drug-resistant-organisms-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Mashigo, A Parker, U Lalla, B W Allwood, M S Moolla, T Lovelock, C F N Koegelenberg
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic placed an unprecedented strain on intensive care units (ICUs) in South Africa. Infection prevention and control (IPC) strategies were highlighted to minimise the risk to healthcare workers and for the protection of patients from contracting hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). During the third wave, our institution adopted a shift system to address severe burnout among ICU personnel. We noted an upstroke in the occurrence of HAIs, specifically carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii...
December 4, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524091/retrospective-observational-study-to-assess-safety-and-tolerability-of-nebulized-colistin-for-the-treatment-of-patients-with-pneumonia-in-real-world-settings-in-respiratory-icu
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Talwar, Deepak Prajapat, Surbhi Talwar, Dhruv Talwar
INTRODUCTION: Colistin is used to treat hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, direct drug deposition at the site of infection may improve its efficacy and reduce systemic exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and tolerability of nebulized colistin among Indian patients diagnosed with pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli in real-world settings. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated with nebulized colistin for pneumonia...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523910/the-potential-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-clinical-management-of-hansen-s-disease-leprosy
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrícia D Deps, Rie Yotsu, Brunna C R S Furriel, Bruno D de Oliveira, Sergio L de Lima, Rafael M Loureiro
Missed and delayed diagnoses of Hansen's disease (HD) are making the battle against it even more complex, increasing its transmission and significantly impacting those affected and their families. This strains public health systems and raises the risk of lifelong impairments and disabilities. Worryingly, the three countries most affected by HD witnessed a growth in new cases in 2022, jeopardizing the World Health Organization's targets to interrupt transmission. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help address these challenges by offering the potential for rapid case detection, customized treatment, and solutions for accessibility challenges-especially in regions with a shortage of trained healthcare professionals...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522903/role-of-abcb1-and-abcb4-in-renal-and-biliary-excretion-of-perfluorooctanoic-acid-in-mice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kazuyoshi Furukawa, Kahori Okamoto-Matsuda, Kouji H Harada, Mutsuko Minata, Toshiaki Hitomi, Hatasu Kobayashi, Akio Koizumi
BACKGROUND: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of the major per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. The role of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in PFOA toxicokinetics is unknown. METHODS: In this study, two ABC transporters, ABCB1 and ABCB4, were examined in mice with single intravenous PFOA administration (3.13 µmol/kg). To identify candidate renal PFOA transporters, we used a microarray approach to evaluate changes in gene expression of various kidney transporters in Abcb4 null mice...
2024: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520916/high-throughput-screening-of-small-molecules-libraries-identified-antibacterials-against-clinically-relevant-multidrug-resistant-a-%C3%A2-baumannii-and-k-%C3%A2-pneumoniae
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Blasco, Soojin Jang, Hiroki Terauchi, Naoki Kobayashi, Shuichi Suzuki, Yuichiro Akao, Atsuko Ochida, Nao Morishita, Terufumi Takagi, Hiroyuki Nagamiya, Yamato Suzuki, Toshiaki Watanabe, Hyunjung Lee, Sol Lee, David Shum, Ahreum Cho, Dahae Koh, Soonju Park, Honggun Lee, Kideok Kim, Henni-Karoliina Ropponen, Renata Maria Augusto da Costa, Steven Dunn, Sunil Ghosh, Peter Sjö, Laura J V Piddock
BACKGROUND: The current pipeline for new antibiotics fails to fully address the significant threat posed by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria that have been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health priority. New antibacterials acting through novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. We aimed to identify new chemical entities (NCEs) with activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii that could be developed into a new treatment for drug-resistant infections...
March 22, 2024: EBioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519760/diversity-distribution-and-bioprospecting-potentials-of-carotenogenic-yeast-from-mangrove-ecosystem
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K A Nimsi, K Manjusha, M N Farzana
Microbial production of carotenoids has gained significant interest for its cost-effectiveness and sustainable nature. This study focuses on 47 red-pigmented yeasts isolated from sediments and plant parts of 13 species of mangrove trees. The relative abundance and distribution of these yeasts varied with plant species and plant parts. The highest number of red yeasts was associated with the mangrove plant Avicennia officinalis (32%). Notably, the leaves harbored the highest percentage (45%) of carotenogenic yeasts, and definite compartmentalization of these yeast species was noticed in mangrove plant parts...
March 22, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519025/simultaneous-post-neurosurgical-ventriculitis-and-bacteremia-by-two-different-strains-of-kpc-producing-k-pneumoniae-successfully-treated-with-meropenem-vaborbactam-and-high-dose-of-fosfomycin
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorenzo Volpicelli, Sara Cairoli, Dania Al Ismail, Floriana Baisi, Federica Sacco, Bianca Maria Goffredo, Mario Venditti, Alessandra Oliva
A case of post-neurosurgical ventriculitis caused by a KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) with a ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant, meropenem-susceptible phenotype is reported. The patient had a concomitant bloodstream infection with a wild-type KPC-Kp with a ceftazidime/avibactam-susceptible, meropenem-resistant phenotype. Prolonged treatment with intravenous fosfomycin and meropenem/vaborbactam achieved clinical success. Therapeutic drug monitoring performed during the first days of treatment showed for the first time that vaborbactam efficiently penetrates cerebrospinal fluid...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518871/co-delivery-of-paclitaxel-atovaquone-quercetin-to-regulate-energy-metabolism-to-reverse-multidrug-resistance-in-ovarian-cancer-by-plga-peg-nanoparticles
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qingyu Lu, Wenhao Gao, Zhenzhen Chen, Zhihong Liu, Jie Wang, Lingjun Zeng, Xiaomu Hu, Enqin Zheng, Qian Zhang, Hongtao Song
Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers the lives of women, with chemotherapy being the primary clinical treatment. However, chemotherapy encounters the problem of generating multidrug resistance (MDR), mainly due to drug efflux induced by P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which decreases intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs. The drugs efflux mediated by P-gp requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis to provide energy. Therefore, modulating energy metabolism pathways and inhibiting ATP production may be a potential strategy to reverse MDR...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516290/the-changing-epidemiology-of-antimicrobial-resistance-in-fiji-a-descriptive-analysis-of-antimicrobial-susceptibility-and-trends-of-endemic-and-emerging-pathogens-2019-2022
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aneley Getahun Strobel, Prinika Prasad, Courtney R Lane, Ravi Naidu, Sanjeshni Autar, Tracey Young-Sharma, Matthew Richards, Ana Suka, Donna Cameron, Rodney James, Ravendra Prasad, Kirsty Buising, Benjamin P Howden, Vinita Prasad
BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data on antimicrobial resistance in Fiji. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates from clinical samples at Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Fiji. METHODS: This retrospective study reviewed four-year of data from January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2022. Laboratory testing was carried out using locally approved protocols. Selective antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed whereby only isolates resistant to first line antimicrobials were tested against second line antimicrobials...
April 2024: The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516051/characterization-of-polymicrobial-and-antibiotic-resistant-infectious-keratitis-in-a-county-hospital-setting
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lawrence Chan, Jacqueline B Lopez, Murtaza Saifee, Sriranjani Padmanabhan, Matilda F Chan, Madeline Yung
PURPOSE: Infectious keratitis is a serious cause of visual impairment, particularly in low-income communities. This study examines the associations between social risk factors and polymicrobial keratitis, multidrug resistance, pathogen spectrum, and outcomes at a county hospital. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital patients treated for infectious keratitis from 2010-2021. Multivariable regression was performed to analyze the relationships between social, medical, and psychiatric risk factors with polymicrobial growth, multidrug resistance, and clinical outcomes...
September 2023: Cornea Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514020/exploring-the-potential-of-p-glycoprotein-inhibitors-in-the-targeted-delivery-of-anti-cancer-drugs-a-comprehensive-review
#17
REVIEW
Dhvani Patel, Nutan Sethi, Paresh Patel, Shreeraj Shah, Kaushika Patel
Due to the high prevalence of cancer, progress in the management of cancer is the need of the hour. Most cancer patients develop chemotherapeutic drug resistance, and many remain insidious due to overexpression of Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MDR1), also known as Permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp) or ABCB1 transporter (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1). P-gp, a transmembrane protein that protects vital organs from outside chemicals, expels medications from malignant cells. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), gastrointestinal tract (GIT), kidneys, liver, pancreas, and cancer cells overexpress P-gp on their apical surfaces, making treatment inefficient and resistant...
March 19, 2024: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508119/progress-on-synthesis-and-structure-activity-relationships-of-lamellarins-over-the-past-decade
#18
REVIEW
Mingze Wei, Jing Chen, Yuliang Song, Jean-Philippe Monserrat, Yongmin Zhang, Li Shen
Lamellarins are polyaromatic alkaloids isolated from marine organisms, including mollusks, tunicates, and sponges. Currently, over 60 structurally distinct natural lamellarins have been reported, and most of them exhibit promising biological activities, such as topoisomerase inhibition, mitochondrial function inhibition, multidrug resistance reversing, and anti-HIV activity. There has also been a significant progress on the synthetic study of lamellarins which has been regularly updated by numerous medicinal chemists as well...
March 6, 2024: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506516/the-modern-alchemy-of-clinical-pathology-turning-the-output-of-microbiology-laboratory-operations-into-gold
#19
REVIEW
Sanjat Kanjilal
The clinical microbiology laboratory generates a huge amount of high-quality data that play a vital role in clinical care. With proper extraction, cleaning, analysis, and validation pipelines, these data can serve multiple other purposes that include supporting laboratory operations, understanding local epidemiology, informing hospital-specific policies, and public health surveillance. In this review, I use one of the core activities of the microbiology laboratory, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), to illustrate several potential applications of next-generation data analytics...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503661/vaccine-value-profile-for-klebsiella-pneumoniae
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziyaad Dangor, Nicole Benson, James A Berkley, Julia Bielicki, Merijn W Bijsma, Jonathan Broad, Ed T Buurman, Alan Cross, Erin M Duffy, Kathryn E Holt, Pui-Ying Iroh Tam, Mark Jit, Konstantinos Karampatsas, Michael Katwere, Gaurav Kwatra, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Kirsty Le Doare, Robert Mboizi, Francesca Micoli, Catrin E Moore, Eve Nakabembe, Nichola R Naylor, Seamus O'Brien, Courtney Olwagen, Denasha Reddy, Charlene Rodrigues, David A Rosen, Manish Sadarangani, Padmini Srikantiah, Sharon M Tennant, Mateusz Hasso-Agopsowicz, Shabir A Madhi
Klebsiella pneumoniae causes community- and healthcare-associated infections in children and adults. Globally in 2019, an estimated 1.27 million (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 0.91-1.71) and 4.95 million (95% UI: 3.62-6.57) deaths were attributed to and associated with bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR), respectively. K. pneumoniae was the second leading pathogen in deaths attributed to AMR resistant bacteria. Furthermore, the rise of antimicrobial resistance in both community- and hospital-acquired infections is a concern for neonates and infants who are at high risk for invasive bacterial disease...
March 18, 2024: Vaccine
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