Carbapenemase resistant enterobacteriacea

Introduction The study conducted by the Kawaguchi City Public Health Center (PHC) in 2023 on hospital infection control (IC) programs revealed that hospitals can improve their IC programs if the PHC provides training sessions (TSs) that have numerical effects. In this study, we expected that we could help hospitals develop their IC practices by providing targeted guidance. This study aimed to clarify targeted guidance on IC practices and TS programs to develop hospitals'hospitals' IC programs on multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) by examining hospitals'hospitals' IC programs in reference to the study conducted in 2023 and other case reports...

Reports of nosocomial infections typically describe recognised microorganisms. In this study, a novel bacterial species was isolated, based on rectal swab screening for carbapenemases post-admission, then phenotypically and genetically characterised. Determined to be a possible Enterobacterales, whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed identification as Pseudocitrobacter, a relatively new genus (2013) with three known species. This isolate was found to be distinct from these, with 99.7% 16s rRNA identity to Pseudocitrobacter corydidari; an Asian cockroach-associated species...

PURPOSE: We evaluated a modification of automated antibiograms in urine cultures designed to facilitate the early interpretation of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and accelerate the targeted treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), METHODS: A prospective study was conducted of 309 isolates (219 Enterobacteriaceae, 75 Enterococcus spp., and 15 non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), and a retrospective study of 9 carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates from urine cultures...

PURPOSE: The continuous rise in carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections is a major public health concern. However, there is limited information available on New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) producing Citrobacter koseri . In this study, we isolated a bla NDM-1 -carrying C. koseri from a stool sample of an inpatient. Our aim was to investigate the phenotypic and genomic features of this clinically derived carbapenem-resistant C. koseri isolate and to characterize the transmission pattern of the IncFII/IncN plasmid that carries the bla NDM-1 gene...

The presence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes (CRGs) in livestock is increasing. To evaluate the presence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and the main CRGs along swine food chains of the Marche Region (Central Italy), samples of faeces, feed, and animal-food derived products were collected from seven small/medium, medium, and large-scale pig farms. A total of 191 samples were analysed using a culture-dependent method, with the aim of isolating CPE. Isolates were analysed for their resistance to carbapenems using a modified Hodge test and the microdilution method for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination...

In this study, we describe an Enterobacter ludwigii clinical isolate that is resistant to both carbapenems and colistin in South Korea. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that E. ludwigii CRE2104-31 was non-susceptible to all tested antibiotics except fosfomycin. Whole genome sequencing identified a 323-kbp IncHI2 plasmid, pCRE2104-31a, that was co-harboring mcr-9.1 and blaIMP-1 . In comparison with other full plasmids, pCRE2104-31a exhibited the closest similarity to a plasmid from the Klebsiella pneumoniae strain CNR48 from France, with 19...

INTRODUCTION: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are associated with poor outcomes, particularly among hematology-oncology patients. Appropriate use (selection and de-escalation) of antibiotics is a key component of management of febrile neutropenia particularly in high CRE prevalence regions like India. METHODS: This was a retrospective study done (April 2019-December 2021) in a dedicated oncology center in North India, which assessed the case records of the patients undergoing therapy for hematological malignancies who were diagnosed with CRE bacteremia...

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria represent a major public health concern, especially impacting medical care centers and hospitals, thereby challenging the effectiveness of current infection treatment protocols. The emergence and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in the environment have been thoroughly researched, with a focus on the aquatic environment as a potential reservoir of these bacteria in areas with anthropogenic contamination. Having this in mind, this work aims to investigate the water streams of Riguinha and Brito Capelo Street, both of which ultimately flow into Matosinhos Beach in Portugal, to determine the potential presence of fecal contamination...

Objective The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread worldwide, and hospitals in Japan have been forced to respond to the situation. This study evaluated the broad-spectrum antimicrobial use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in an acute tertiary-care hospital. Methods This single-center, retrospective study was conducted between January 2019 and June 2021. Patients We reviewed patients treated with three broad-spectrum antipseudomonal agents: carbapenems, tazobactam/piperacillin, and cefepime...

BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESβL-PE) in street foods poses a significant risk to human health due to its epidemiological significance. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of foodborne Enterobacteriaceae that produce carbapenemase and ESβL, as well as their patterns of antibiotic resistance, in the studied area. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 1st, 2023, to February 30th, 2023...

Aquaculture has been recognized as a hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) conferring resistance to clinically-important antibiotics. This review gives insights into studies investigating the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem resistance (CCR) among Gram-negative bacilli in aquaculture. Overall, a high incidence of CCR has been reported in aquatic farms in several countries, with CCR being more prevalent among opportunistic human pathogens such as Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Shewanella algae, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio spp...

BACKGROUND: Gut commensal bacteria can mediate resistance against pathogenic bacteria. However, exposure to antibiotics and hospitalization may facilitate the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide comprehensive evidence about colonization rate of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemases producing Enterobacteriaceae. METHOD: We used PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science data bases to search studies from January 1, 2016 to August10, 2022 about colonization rate of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae...

In response to the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance, we must increase the amount of available high-quality genomic data gathered on antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To this end, we developed an integrated pipeline for high-throughput long-read sequencing, assembly, annotation and analysis of bacterial isolates and used it to generate a large genomic data set of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) isolates collected in Spain. The set of 461 isolates were sequenced with a combination of both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) DNA sequencing technologies in order to provide genomic context for chromosomal loci and, most importantly, structural resolution of plasmids, important determinants for transmission of antimicrobial resistance...

Pluralibacter gergoviae is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that has been reported sporadically. Although P. gergoviae strains exhibiting multidrug-resistant profiles have been identified an in-depth genomic analysis focusing on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been lacking, and was therefore performed in this study. Forty-eight P. gergoviae strains, isolated from humans, animals, foods, and the environment during 1970-2023, were analyzed. A large number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms were found, indicating a highly diverse population...

Vegetables are crucial for a healthy human diet due to their abundance of essential macronutrients and micronutrients. However, there have been increased reports of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from vegetables. Enterobacteriaceae is a large group of Gram-negative bacteria that can act as commensals, intestinal pathogens, or opportunistic extraintestinal pathogens. Extraintestinal infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae are a clinical concern due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). β-lactams have high efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria and low toxicity for eukaryotic cells...

BackgroundPreliminary unpublished results of the survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacterales (CCRE survey) showed the expansion of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) sequence type (ST) 39 in 12 of 15 participating Greek hospitals in 2019.AimWe conducted a rapid survey to determine the extent of spread of CPKP high-risk clones in Greek hospitals in 2022 and compare the distribution of circulating CPKP clones in these hospitals since 2013.MethodsWe analysed whole genome sequences and epidemiological data of 310 K...

BACKGROUND: Drug-resistant bacteria are one of the main reasons of deaths worldwide. A significant group of these bacteria are carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). The goal of this study was to develop a diagnostic and therapeutic model targeted at asymptomatic carriers of CPE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A team of experts from different branches connected to health care, discussing the topic based on the data collected from previous research. Working sessions were dispersed between June and December 2022...

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization (WHO) designated Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), formerly Enterobacteriaceae, among the global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The rate of CRE in Arabian countries, including Saudi Arabia has increased. Here, we report the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) in the Jazan region, a southern coastal province of Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-six non-repetitive clinical isolates of K...

PURPOSE: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are among the major threats to global health because of their encoded protection against key antibiotics. METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among oncology and non-oncology patient groups (1:1; n = 214) on a consecutive sampling approach. Stool or rectal swab was collected from June 2021 to November 2021 and screened for ESBL-PE and CPE using ChromID-ESBL media...

Over the last decade, New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemase has silently spread in Brazil. In this study, we analyzed a large collection of Enterobacterales other than Klebsiella spp. received in our reference laboratory between 2013 and 2022. A total of 32 clinical isolates displaying different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, and represented by 11 species in the families Enterobacteriaceae (Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter portucalensis, Enterobacter hormaechei, and Escherichia coli), Morganellaceae (Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, and Raoultella ornithinolytica), and Yersiniaceae (Serratia marcescens) had their whole genomes sequenced and further analyzed...