Pakinson

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder with undetermined etiology. A major pathological hallmark of PD is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Loss-of-function mutations in the RAB39B gene, which encodes a neuronal-specific small GTPase RAB39B, have been associated with X-linked intellectual disability and pathologically confirmed early-onset PD in multiple families. However, the role of RAB39B in PD pathogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we treated Rab39b knock-out (KO) mice with MPTP to explore whether RAB39B deficiency could alter MPTP-induced behavioral impairments and dopaminergic neuron degeneration...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common nervous system disease, mainly manifested as motor retardation, resting tremor, etc. (1). The clinical features of early PD patients are not characteristic, and diagnosis is very difficult. When obvious PD manifestations are found, the number of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra of patients has been reduced by more than half, and the treatment is difficult (2). Early diagnosis or auxiliary diagnosis of PD in clinical work is crucial for the treatment of PD and the prognosis of patients...

Monoamine oxidases A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B) play important roles in biogenic amine metabolism, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Particularly, MAO-B selective inhibitors are promising therapeutic choices for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Pakinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Herein, novel 3,6-disubstituted isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones were designed, synthesized and evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of monoamine oxidases A and B. Structure-activity relationships were investigated, and all of the compounds with (R)-3-hydroxy pyrrolidine moiety on the 6-position displayed preferable inhibition toward the MAO-B isoform...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS: The present study is a comparative cross-sectional, hospital-based study. A total number of 64 PD patients and 64 controls were recruited. Candidates that fulfilled the criteria with normal ocular examinations were undergone optical coherent tomography (OCT) examinations of the right eye. RNFL and macular thickness were evaluated...

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of taurine (Tau) on hippocampus, substantia nigra neurons and microglia in paraquat (PQ) -induced Pakinson's disease-like mice. Methods: In April 2019, the specific pathogen free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice ( n =36) were randomly divided into control group (NaCl) , Tau control group (150 mg/kg) , PQ exposure group (10 mg/kg PQ group, 15 mg/kg PQ group) , Tau intervention group (Tau+10 mg/kg PQ group, Tau+15 mg/kg PQ group) , respectively. Tau was used in 1 h before PQ administration for consecutive 6 weeks (twice per week) ...

BACKGROUND: Slowness of movement, known as bradykinesia, is the core clinical sign of Parkinson's and fundamental to its diagnosis. Clinicians commonly assess bradykinesia by making a visual judgement of the patient tapping finger and thumb together repetitively. However, inter-rater agreement of expert assessments has been shown to be only moderate, at best. AIM: We propose a low-cost, contactless system using smartphone videos to automatically determine the presence of bradykinesia...

OBJECTIVE: At present, little is known about the role of serotonin7 (5-HT7 ) receptor in anxiety, particularly in Parkinson's disease-related anxiety. Here, we tested whether 5-HT7 receptors in the prelimbic (PrL) cortex are involved in the regulation of anxiety-like behaviors in sham-operated rats and rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). METHODS: The open field and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were performed to study the influence of MFB lesion and intra-PrL injection of 5-HT7 agonist AS19 (0...

Frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases. FTLD encompass: 1) behavioral forms, sometimes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; 2) linguistic forms (semantic and non-fluent primary progressive aphasia); 3) atypical parkinsonian syndromes (progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal syndrome). Standard brain MRI allows for strengthening the clinical suspicion of FTLD, by showing a pattern of atrophy in relation with the patient's clinical symptoms: frontotemporal anterior atrophy in behavioral forms; temporopolar or inferior left frontal atrophy in the linguistic forms; mesencephalic or corticosubcortical hemispheric atrophy in forms with atypical pakinsonism...

Role of brain imaging for Parkinsonism T brain MRI is normal in Pakinson's disease. Brain MRI is useless when clinical presentation is typical of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Brain MRI is the exam of choice for differentiating idiopathic Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism. DATscan* confirms or rules out dopaminergic degeneration but does not separate idiopathic Parkinson's disease from Parkinson "plus" syndromes. FDG PET is helpful to separate idiopathic Parkinson's disease from Parkinson "plus" syndromes...

Multiple-system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with unknown etiology. It is widely considered to be a nongenetic disorder, but accumulating evidence suggests that several genes are linked to MSA. Recently, functionally impaired variants in the coenzyme Q2 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase (COQ2) gene have been reported to increase the risk of MSA in familial and sporadic Japanese patients. In this study, we investigated the mutation spectrum of COQ2 and analyzed the association between the common variant Val393Ala in exon 7 of COQ2 and MSA in a Chinese population...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of Parkinson's disease (PD)-related protein Pink1 in autophagy. METHODS: Pink1, autophagy inhibitor Bcl-XL and autophagy induced-factor Beclin1 were amplified with RT-PCR and contructed into pcDNA3. 1 (+) vector. The stable HEK293 cell line of Pink1 expression was established through the lentivirus system. Pink1, Bcl-XL and Beclin1 were tansfected into the HEK293 Cell Line. Co-Immunoprecipitation and Western blot were performed to determine the interaction between Pink1 and Bcl-XL, the effect of Pink1 on the interaction between Bcl-XL and Beclin1, and the function of Pink1 in autophagy...

UNLABELLED: The "arteriosclerotic parkinsonism", which is called vascular parkinsonism (VP), was first described by Critchley'. The broad based slow gait, reduced stride lenght, start hesitation, freezing and paratonia was mentioned as "lower body parkinsonism" (LBP) which can be associated by slow speech, dysexecutive syndrome, and hand tremor of predominantly postural character. In VP the DAT-scan proved normal dopamine content of the striatum in contrast with Parkinson's disease (PD)...

BACKGROUND: the quality of life of patients suffering from schizophrenia was extensively studied but it seems that impact on quality of life of neuroleptics, particularly atypical antipsychotic treatment was not clearly elucidated. AIMS: In this study we have compared the impact on quality of life of atypical antipsychotic versus classic neuroleptics. METHODS: We have enrolled, prospectively, all patients with schizophrenia as confirmed by DSM-IV TR...

OBJECTIVE: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is the curative treatment of choice for many cardiac arrhythmias and may cause myocardial injury and inappropriate sinus tachycardia. This study aimed to determine the delayed injury of autonomic nerve after RFCA. METHODS: Spectral analysis of heart rate variation on 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram recordings was carried out in 86 cases (39 women, 47 men; mean age, 42 years; range, 17-67 years) with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 1 hour before and 1 year after successful RFCA (WPW type A = 31; Wolf-Pakinson-White Syndrome type B = 9; atrioventricular [AV] nodal tachycardia = 46; group A: septal accessory pathway + AV nodal tachycardia [n = 52], group B: free wall accessory pathway [n = 34])...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and polysomnographic features of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in Chinese patients. METHODS: Six parasomnic patients, 4 males and 2 females, with the mean onset age of 58 years (range 50 approximately 66 years) and 6 age and sex matched controls, were video-monitored for successive two nights, to record the electroencephalography, electrooculography, electromyography, electrocardiography and nasal airflow. RESULTS: Polysomnographic recordings disclosed an augmented muscle tone, which appeared intermittently or continuously in REM sleep, accompanied by complex behaviors correlated to dream contents observed by video-monitoring, and without seizure activity...

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