Logistic modeling

BACKGROUND: Aspiration is a frequently observed complication in individuals diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke, leading to potentially severe consequences. However, the availability of predictive tools for assessing aspiration probabilities remains limited. Hence, our study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for accurately predicting aspiration probability in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: We analyzed 30 potential risk factors associated with aspiration in 359 adult patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke...

PURPOSE: Examine possible message topics to promote rural vaccination using psychosocial antecedents of vaccination. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey administered by Research America, Inc. SETTING: West Virginia (WV). SAMPLE: 756 WV adults via convenience sample (n = 370; ∼2% response rate from online panel of ∼20 000 WV residents), and random digit dial of landlines (n = 174; ∼1% response rate from 18 432 numbers) and cellphones (n = 212; ∼1% response rate from 20 486 numbers)...

As the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to understand patient factors that may be used to predict the occurrence of severe cases and patient mortality. Approximately 20% of SARS-CoV-2 infections lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by the harmful actions of inflammatory mediators. Patients with severe COVID-19 are often afflicted with neurologic symptoms, and individuals with pre-existing neurodegenerative disease have an increased risk of severe COVID-19. Although collectively, these observations point to a bidirectional relationship between severe COVID-19 and neurologic disorders, little is known about the underlying mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: The different clinical presentations of fibromyalgia (FMS) may play independent roles in the unclear etiology of cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms seen in this population. Understanding how these clinical presentations are associated with FMS's clinical and neurophysiological aspects is important when developing effective treatments. AIM: To explore the relationship between memory complaints and depressive symptoms, and the different clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of FMS...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy and precision of continuous overnight oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) measurement by a commercial wrist device (WD) incorporating high-grade sensors, and investigate WD estimation of sleep-disordered breathing by quantifying overnight oxygen desaturation index (ODI) compared to polysomnography (PSG) ODI and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with and without sleep questionnaire data, to assess WD ability to detect obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and determine its severity...

Cardiac ultrasound (CUS), either focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) or emergency echocardiography, is frequently used in cardiovascular (CV) emergencies. We assessed correlations and discrepancies between CUS, clinical diagnosis and the autopsy findings in early deceased patients with suspected CV emergencies. We retrospectively analysed clinical and autopsy data of 131 consecutive patients who died within 24 h of hospital admission. The type of CUS and its findings were analysed in relation to the clinical and autopsy diagnoses...

Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in children globally, mostly due to inadequate sanitary conditions and overcrowding. Poor housing quality and lack of tenure security that characterize informal settlements are key underlying contributors to these risk factors for childhood diarrhea deaths. The objective of this study is to better understand the physical attributes of informal settlement households in Latin American cities that are associated with childhood diarrhea. We used data from a household survey (Encuesta CAF) conducted by the Corporación Andina de Fomento (CAF), using responses from sampled individuals in eleven cities...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the trajectories and potential categories of changes in the sense of coherence (SOC) in patients after colorectal cancer surgery and to analyze predictive factors. METHODS: From January to July 2023, 175 patients with colorectal cancer treated at a tertiary Grade A oncology hospital in Jiangsu Province were selected as the study subjects. Prior to surgery, SOC-13 scale, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to survey the patients...

PURPOSE: To compare ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-3.5's performance on Taiwan urology board examination (TUBE), focusing on answer accuracy, explanation consistency, and uncertainty management tactics to minimize score penalties from incorrect responses across 12 urology domains. METHODS: 450 multiple-choice questions from TUBE(2020-2022) were presented to two models. Three urologists assessed correctness and consistency of each response. Accuracy quantifies correct answers; consistency assesses logic and coherence in explanations out of total responses, alongside a penalty reduction experiment with prompt variations...

Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Previous studies have assessed the role of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM)-related gene-diet interaction in the aetiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), however, the results remained inconclusive. Thus, this study aimed to investigate dietary factors and genetic variants related to FOCM, as well as potential nutrient-gene and nutrient-lifestyle interactions, on CRC risk. This observational study included 229 patients diagnosed with CRC and 229 age- and sex-matched subjects as controls from a population-based bowel cancer screening program...

BACKGROUND: The association between allogenic blood transfusions (ABT) and all-cause mortality in surgically treated hip fracture patients with perioperative transfusion (STHFPT) remained unknown. We aim to introduce transfusion-related factors, new variables to develop and validate models to predict mortality in these patients. METHODS: A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted with STHFPT hospitalized during Jan. 2018 and Jun. 2021. The database was divided into training cohort and validation cohort in a ratio of 70% to 30% using the randomization method...

BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of successful sphincter-preserving resection (SSPR) for low rectal cancer enables peer institutions to scrutinize their own performance and potentially avoid unnecessary permanent colostomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the variation in SSPR and present the first artificial intelligence (AI) models to predict SSPR in low rectal cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective post hoc analysis of a multicenter, noninferiority randomized clinical trial (LASRE, NCT XXXXXX) conducted in 22 tertiary hospitals across China...

INTRODUCTION: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is considered a late-stage manifestation of neoplastic diseases. Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) can be an effective treatment for these patients. However, the procedure is associated with significant morbidity. Our aim was to develop a machine learning model to predict the probability of achieving textbook outcome (TO) after CRS-HIPEC using only preoperatively known variables. METHODS: Adult patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis and who underwent CRS-HIPEC were included from a large, single-center, prospectively maintained dataset (2001-2020)...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and negatively affects health related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL after stroke is understudied in Africa and there are no reports of quality-adjusted life years after stroke (QALYs) in African countries. We determined the impact of stroke on HRQoL after stroke in Sierra Leone. We calculated QALYs at one year post stroke, and determined sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with HRQoL and QALYs in this population. METHODS: A prospective stroke register was established at the two principal adult tertiary government hospitals in Freetown, Sierra Leone...

Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) can induce skeletal formation, promote the differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration. The study was designed to evaluate the relationship of BMP7 variants to LDH risk in the Chinese Han population. BMP7 variants were genotyped with the Agena MassARRAY system among 690 LDH patients and 690 healthy controls. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by logistic regression. Multi-factor dimension reduction (MDR) (version 3...

The etiology of lung cancer in never-smokers remains elusive, despite 15% of lung cancer cases in men and 53% in women worldwide being unrelated to smoking. Here, we aimed to enhance our understanding of lung cancer pathogenesis among never-smokers using untargeted metabolomics. This nested case-control study included 395 never-smoking women who developed lung cancer and 395 matched never-smoking cancer-free women from the prospective Shanghai Women's Health Study with 15,353 metabolic features quantified in pre-diagnostic plasma using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry...

OBJECTIVE: The pathological features of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) are dominated by the infiltration of macrophages. We aimed to perform a histopathologic semiquantitative analysis to investigate the relationship between macrophage markers and prognosis. METHODS: Semiquantitative analysis of histologic features was performed in 62 samples of IMNM. Independent risk factors were identified through univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Cluster analysis was performed using the partitioning around the medoids (PAM) method...

The study aimed to determine the application of the health belief model (HBM) in the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among health workers in 2021. The cross-sectional study was conducted on 3600 health workers from February to March 2021. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that included the intention to receive vaccines based on the health belief model constructs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indicators, Chi-square, ANOVA test, and logistic regression model at a 95% confidence level...

While light at night (LAN) and noise levels have been linked to suboptimal sleep outcomes, little is known about the link between these factors and long-term suboptimal sleep trajectories. The current study examined the association of neighborhood LAN and nighttime noise with long-term sleep trajectories in a cohort of Black individuals and White individuals predominantly from low-income communities. We used data from the Southern Community Cohort Study (N = 28,759 Black individuals and 16,276 White individuals)...

Our goal was to determine the cellular immune response (CIR) in a sample of the Borriana COVID-19 cohort (Spain) to identify associated factors and their relationship with infection, reinfection and sequelae. We conducted a nested case-control study using a randomly selected sample of 225 individuals aged 18 and older, including 36 individuals naïve to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and 189 infected patients. We employed flow-cytometry-based immunoassays for intracellular cytokine staining, using Wuhan and BA...