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BACKGROUND Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome caused by aberrant fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)-producing tumors. Early surgical resection is the optimal strategy for preventing TIO progression. Thus, tumor localization is a priority for successful treatment. A simple and safe examination method to identify functional endocrine tumors is essential to achieve better outcomes in patients with TIO. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old Japanese man with recurrent fractures, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase and FGF-23 levels (109 pg/mL) was admitted to our university hospital and was diagnosed with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic osteomalacia...

Platelets are actively involved in tissue injury site regeneration by producing a wide spectrum of platelet-derived growth factors such as PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor), IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β), FGF (fibroblast growth factor), etc. A rotating magnetic field (RMF) can regulate biological functions, including reduction or induction regarding inflammatory processes, cell differentiation, and gene expression, to determine the effect of an RMF on the regenerative potential of platelets...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), compartmentalized inflammation plays a pivotal role in the complex pathology of tissue damage. The interplay between epigenetic regulation, transcriptional modifications, and location-specific alterations within white matter (WM) lesions at the single-cell level remains underexplored. METHODS: We examined intracellular and intercellular pathways in the MS brain WM using a novel dataset obtained by integrated single-cell multi-omics techniques from 3 active lesions, 3 chronic active lesions, 3 remyelinating lesions, and 3 control WM of 6 patients with progressive MS and 3 non-neurologic controls...

The origins of photodynamic therapy (PDT) date back to 1904. Since then, the amount of research proving PDT and, consequently, its applicability to various disease states has steadily increased. Currently, PDT is mainly used in oncology to destroy cancer cells. It is being worked on for possible use in other medical fields as well, including cardiology. It can be used in the prevention of restenosis, often occurring after vascular surgical interventions, for destroying atherosclerotic plaques and as a new ablative method of ectopic centers in the treatment of atrial fibrillation...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) severely affects vision in individuals with diabetes. High glucose (HG) induces oxidative stress in retinal cells, a key contributor to DR development. Previous studies suggest that fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) can mitigate hyperglycemia and protect tissues from HG-induced damage. However, the specific effects and mechanisms of FGF-1 on DR remain unclear. In our study, FGF-1-pretreated adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 cells were employed to investigate. Results indicate that FGF-1 significantly attenuated HG-induced oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, protein carbonyl content, and lipid peroxidation...

BACKGROUND: Zinc status, its role in bone metabolism and efficacy of deficiency correction has not been well studied in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to investigate whether 3 months of oral zinc supplementation corrects zinc deficiency in children with CKD who have native or transplanted kidneys. The secondary objective was to compare circulating intact FGF-23 (iFGF-23), c-terminal FGF-23 (cFGF-23), and Klotho between zinc-sufficient and zinc-deficient children with CKD and to assess the relationship between circulating zinc, iFGF-23, cFGF-23, Klotho, bone biomarkers, copper, and phosphate excretion pre-supplementation and post-supplementation of zinc...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), currently referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), affects approximately 38% of the world's population, yet no pharmacological therapies have been approved for treatment. We conducted a traditional and network meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of drug regimens on NAFLD, and continued to use the old terminology for consistency. METHODS: Randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) investigating drug therapy in an adult population diagnosed with NAFLD with or without diabetes mellitus were included...

Surgical flaps are basic tools in reconstructive surgery. Their use may be limited by ischemia and necrosis. Few therapies address or prevent them. Genetic therapy could improve flap outcomes, but primary studies in this field present conflicting results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to appraise the efficacy of external gene delivery to the flap for its survival in preclinical models. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022359982). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to identify studies using animal models reporting flap survival outcomes following any genetic modifications...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and glioma are some of the most common malignancies, with ALL most often affecting children and glioma affecting adult men. Proangiogenic cytokines and growth factors play an important role in the development of both of these tumors. Glioma is characterized by an extremely extensive network of blood vessels, which continues to expand mainly in the process of neoangiogenesis, the direct inducers of which are cytokines from the family of vascular endothelial growth factors, i...

Tendon diseases pose a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to the limited healing capacity of this tissue. Successful tendon regeneration requires a combination of angiogenesis, immune response, and tenogenesis processes. An effective tendon engineering (TE) strategy must finely tune this systems' interplay toward homeostasis. This study explores in vitro the paracrine influence of amniotic epithelial stem cells (AECs) engineered on a validated 3D electrospun PLGA scaffolds on HUVECs (angiogenesis), PBMCs/Jurkat (immune response), and AECs (tenogenic stem cell activation)...

The mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are known to secrete pleiotropic paracrine factors, contributing to tissue regeneration. This unique ability makes MSCs promising therapeutic tools for many diseases, including even those that were previously untreatable. Thus, the development of preconditioning approaches aimed at enhancing the paracrine function of MSCs attracts great interest. In the present work, we studied how the extracellular matrix, the essential part of the native tissue microenvironment, affects the secretory capacity of MSCs of various origins...

OBJECTIVE: C old-inducible RNA binding Protein (CIRBP) has been shown to be a potent inflammatory mediator and could serve as a novel biomarker for inflammation. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and capillary leak syndrome (CLS) are frequent complications after pediatric cardiac surgery increasing morbidity, therefore early diagnosis and therapy is crucial. As CIRBP serum levels have not been analyzed in a pediatric population, we conducted a clinical feasibility establishing a customized magnetic bead panel analyzing CIRBP in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery...

Endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetic nephropathy is caused by nontraditional factors in addition to common risk factors (e.g., hypertension) in people with normal kidney function. These nontraditional factors include factors involved in mineral bone disease in these patients. One of these factors is fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23). We aimed to evaluate the relationship between flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a measure of endothelial dysfunction and FGF-23. This was a cross-sectional observational study that was conducted on 100 diabetic patients (Group I: 50 patients with nephropathy; Group II: 50 patients without nephropathy) and 50 healthy volunteers (Group III)...

The study investigated a profile of chemokines and growth factors in the aqueous humor (AH) of eyes with Fuch's endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and cataracts in comparison with cataract patients as a control group. A total of 52 AH samples (26 FECD + cataract and 26 cataract/control) were collected before cataract surgery. None of the patients had any clinically apparent inflammation at the time of AH collection. The AH levels of MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP-1α (CCL3), MIP-1β(CCL4), RANTES (CCL5), eotaxin (CCL11), IP-10 (CXCL10), FGF basic, G-CSF, GM-CSF, PDGF-bb, and VEGF were compared between the groups...

MicroRNAs (miRNA) in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) in maternal circulation during pregnancy and in human milk postpartum are hypothesized to facilitate maternal-offspring communication via epigenetic regulation. However, factors influencing maternal EVP miRNA profiles during these two critical developmental windows remain largely unknown. In a pilot study of 54 mother-child dyads in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, we profiled 798 EVP miRNAs, using the NanoString nCounter platform, in paired maternal second-trimester plasma and mature (6-week) milk samples...

BACKGROUND: Axitinib, a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase 1,2 and 3, is used in chemotherapy because it inhibits tumor angiogenesis by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR pathway. In veterinary medicine, attempts have been made to apply tyrosine kinase inhibitors with anti-angiogenic effects to tumor patients, but there are no studies on axitinib in canine mammary gland tumors (MGTs). OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to confirm the antitumor activity of axitinib in canine mammary gland cell lines...

BACKGROUND: Fish scales are typical products of biomineralization and play an important role in the adaptation of fish to their environment. The Gymnocypris przewalskii scales are highly specialized, with scales embedded in only specific parts of the dermis, such as the areas around the anal fin and branchiostegite, making G. przewalskii an ideal material for biomineralization research. In this study, we aimed to unveil genes and pathways controlling scale formation through an integrated analysis of both transcriptome and proteome, of which G...

BACKGROUND: Niacin is reported to decrease phosphorus concentration in Maintenance Hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Egg white is one of the main substitutable proteins in MHD patients due to its low phosphorus content. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of combined egg white and niacin supplementation on dialysis patients' serum phosphorus and nutritional biomarkers. METHODS: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 98 patients on MHD were randomly allocated to four groups for eight weeks: 24 g egg white (n=25), 600 g niacin daily (n=24), egg white combined with niacin (n=24), and control (n=24)...

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases that are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and development. FGFR alterations including amplifications, fusions, rearrangements, and mutations can result in the downstream activation of tyrosine kinases, leading to tumor development. Targeting these FGFR alterations has shown to be effective in treating cholangiocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms, and there are currently four FGFR inhibitors approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a condition characterized by alterations of calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) metabolism that in turn promote bone disorders, vascular calcifications, and increase cardiovascular (CV) risk. Nephrologists' awareness of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools to manage CKD-MBD plays a primary role in adequately preventing and managing this condition in clinical practice...