Duplex Kidney

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and midterm follow up of laparoscopic upper pole ectopic ureteral clipping to treat urinary incontinence in girls with duplex kidneys and non/poorly functioning upper pole moieties. To see if pre-operative characteristics increased the likelihood of significant post-operative dilatation and whether this dilation has clinical significance. METHODS: A database review identified children who had undergone ureteric clipping at our institution...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this study, we describe a rare case of a male with a duplex renal collecting system with ectopic ureter insertion into the prostate who presented with sepsis and required urgent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. This study offers urologists and emergency care practitioners a great overview of the variety of manifestations, anatomic differences, and therapeutic approaches for similar patients. RECENT FINDINGS: modified reconstructive strategy could be a method of choice when addressing particular anatomies, such as incomplete duplex kidneys with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in both upper and lower poles when the obstruction is close to the confluence of the two ureters...

Background and Objectives: Congenital ureteral stenosis is one of the leading causes of impaired urinary drainage and subsequent dilatation of the urinary collecting system, known as hydronephrosis or ureterohydronephrosis. The mechanism that leads to obstruction is not clearly known. Multiple studies in rat models have shown increased angiotensin II and TGFβ levels in obstructed ureteral tissue. The aim of the study is to investigate the expression of fibrosis-related genes in obstructive and normal ureteral tissue...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of postnatal ultrasonography in detecting congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract in term infants without prenatal history of congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the records of term infants between six weeks and three months of age who underwent urinary tract ultrasonography during routine pediatric care. RESULTS: Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract were detected on prenatal ultrasonography in 75 of the 2620 patients included in the study...

INTRODUCTION: Duplication of the renal collecting system, known as the duplex collecting system, is a common congenital anomaly of the urinary tract. It can be partial or complete and affects 0.7-4% of the population, with a higher incidence in females. Ureteroceles are cystic dilations of the distal ureter and are often asymptomatic, particularly in adults. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors present a case of a newly diagnosed partial duplex collecting system of the left kidney and left intravesical ureterocele, which was diagnosed for the first time at the age of 47 years, along with a history of symptoms suggestive of recurrent urinary tract infection and a urethral calculus which was surgically managed 5 years ago...

This study evaluated the impact of obesity on abdominal ultrasound diagnostics and assessed effect of high-performance ultrasound probes increased imaging quality. Lean and obese subjects (n = 40; 58% female) were categorized according to body mass index (BMI, 21 to 48 kg/m2 ). A highly standardized ultrasound examination of the abdomen was performed by trained examiners using three different probes in randomized order (standard probe versus two high-performance probes). Quality of B-mode and duplex ultrasound were assessed using a custom scoring approach for depiction of liver and kidney anatomy and vascularization...

INTRODUCTION: For children with duplex systems and severe hydroureteronephrosis of the upper pole, heminephrectomy is one of many suitable treatments, particularly if there is no associated lower pole reflux. Distal ureteral stump syndrome (DSS) is a very difficult complication and manifests as stump empyema, urinary tract infection and/or vulvar discharge and can occur months to years later in 10-20 percent of patients. Secondary distal ureterectomy is an extremely difficult surgery due to inflammation and adhesions...

The occurrence of horseshoe kidney with duplex urinary collecting systems is rare. Herein, we report a case of bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) in a patient with a concurrent horseshoe kidney and left duplex kidney, which had not been previously reported. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. The tumor recurred 6 months postoperatively. A second resection was performed, followed by the administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient passed away 15 months after the initial diagnosis of BWT...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of left renal vein (LRV) compression stenosis on the functional state of the left kidney in patients with pelvic venous disorders (PeVD). METHODS: We examined 162 female patients with PeVD and diagnosed LVR compression stenosis using duplex ultrasound scanning (DUS) in 40 of them. Patients with clinical manifestations of PeDV (n=26) had symptoms and signs of pelvic venous congestion (PVC), but without pain in the left flank of the abdomen, typical for the nutcracker syndrome (NS)...

BACKGROUND: Congenital renal anomalies are rare but may be associated with obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction. Given the rarity of simultaneous ureteropelvic junction obstruction [UPJO] and renal anomalies in the adult population, there is limited literature on approaching these patients. We report our experience with robotic assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty for UPJO repair in this subset of patients. METHODS: Data on adult patients with simultaneous congenital renal abnormalities and UPJO who underwent robotic assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty between 2008 and 2020 was reviewed...

Although duplication of the collecting system is fairly common, ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the upper moiety in a patient with duplex system is rare, more so if the obstruction is extrinsic and vascular. Herein, we report a case of obstruction of the upper moiety infundibulum by a crossing vein, in a patient with partially duplex system who presented with flank pain and focal hydronephrosis of the superior calyx, a clinical presentation similar to that of Fraley's syndrome. The infundibulum was transected and transposed anterior to the crossing vessel...

Rapidly reversible anticoagulant agents have great clinical potential. Oligonucleotide-based anticoagulant agents are uniquely positioned to fill this clinical niche, as they are able to be deactivated through the introduction of the reverse complement oligo. Once the therapeutic and the antidote oligos meet in solution, they are able to undergo isothermal reassociation to form short, inactive, duplexes that are rapidly secreted via filtration by the kidneys. The formation of the duplexes interrupts the structure of the anticoagulant oligo, allowing normal coagulation to be restored...

Ureteric calculi are common urological problems. However, the management of stone disease varies considerably with patient choice and anatomy. There are few reports about ureteral calculi in patients with unilateral complete duplex kidneys managed by ureteroscopy. We hope to increase the awareness of urologists when investigating patients with similar symptoms. We present the case of a 28-year-old man with recurring left flank pain. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scans of the kidney showed an impacted left vesicoureteric junction stone measuring 6 mm...

Inappropriate activation of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). We aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of urinary angiotensinogen (AGT) excretion, a biomarker of intrarenal RAS activity, with central (aortic) and renal hemodynamic parameters in middle-aged and older adults, including patients with chronic kidney disease. Aortic and renal hemodynamic parameters were measured using applanation tonometry and duplex ultrasonography in 282 participants...

INTRODUCTION: Inguinal herniation of the ureter is a rare entity that occurs either as a complication of renal transplantation or spontaneously. Patients may suffer from obstructive uropathy or groin pain due to the unusual ectopic course of the ureter. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing a ureteroinguinal hernia. METHODS: In this case report, we present a 75-year-old man with a surgical history of a right inguinal hernia repair who was referred to our center with burning left inguinal pain that persisted for two weeks...

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical outcomes of treating duplex system ureteroceles with early endoscopic puncture decompression and to identify the risk factors related to outcomes to help guide future work. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with ureteroceles with duplex kidney that were treated with early endoscopic puncture decompression. Charts were reviewed for demographics, preoperative imaging, surgical indications, and follow-up data...

A ureterocele is a congenital cystic dilatation of the intravesical ureter that may affect either a single system kidney or the upper pole of a duplex system. The position of ureteral orifice correlates with function of associated renal moiety. Ureteroceles associated with good renal function and prompt drainage or ureteroceles associated with no renal function can be managed nonoperatively. Endoscopic puncture of ureteroceles addresses most cases; iatrogenic reflux may rarely require secondary surgery. Robot-assisted laparoscopic upper pole nephroureterectomy and ureteroureterostomy procedures are rarely associated with complications...

BACKGROUND: Reliable vascular access (VA) is required for patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Vascular mapping using duplex doppler ultrasonography (DUS) can aid in planning VA construction. Greater handgrip strength (HGS) was found to be associated with more developed distal vessels both in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and healthy individuals, and patients with lower HGS had worse morphologic vessel characteristics and were, therefore, less likely to construct distal VA...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the results, safety and clinical outcomes of carotid interventions performed with Duplex ultrasound (DUS) as a single preoperative image for internal carotid artery (ICA) assessment, compared to computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). METHODS: Prospective, consecutive cohort study of two groups of patients submitted to carotid interventions, one group of patients with DUS as a sole exam (group DUS) compared to patients with DUS plus CTA or MRA for ICA stenosis diagnosis (group CTA/MRA) regarding clinical outcomes such as major stroke, minor stroke, transient ischemic attack and perioperative mortality...

BACKGROUND: Pulse wave analysis may be useful to assess fistula function. We aimed to prospectively evaluate if convenient oscillometric devices are applicable to detect flow below 500 ml/min in a real life clinical setting. METHODS: Pulse waves were recorded ambilaterally with the vicorder® device at the brachial artery in 53 patients on haemodialysis with native fistula. Primary variables consisted of the mean slope between the systolic maximum and the diacrotic notch (Slope2), the sum of the mean slopes in the four characteristic sections of pulse waves (Slope∑) and the amplitude of relative volumetric change in the measuring cuff at the upper arm (AMP)...