testicular staging with x ray

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether retroperitoneal craniocaudal nodal length or nodal volume predicts relapse risk in stage I testicular cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 826 testicular cancer patients. Of these 826 patients, 118 had stage I disease and either less than 2 years of surveillance or retroperitoneal lymph node dissection with no adjuvant chemotherapy. These patients formed our analytic cohort, and 3D nodal volumes and craniocaudal nodal length were measured...

A 30-year-old man presented with chest pressure, shortness of breath, severe dyspnea on exertion, dysphagia, odynophagia, and a weight loss of 30 lb (14 kg) over a 2-month period. He had undergone orchiectomy 3 years earlier for stage 1 testicular seminoma but had been lost to follow-up. Cardiac..

CONTEXT: Patients with germ cell tumors (GCTs) have an excellent prognosis but are at risk for silent fractures. Data on bone mineral density (BMD) after anticancer treatment are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was BMD monitoring in GCT patients treated with or without chemotherapy. DESIGN: We prospectively studied 63 newly diagnosed GCT patients with a median age of 33 years (range 16-70 y) within 3 months of unilateral orchidectomy...

Currently, seminomas account for about 60% of newly diagnosed testicular cancers in Germany, with an increasing trend. In lower tumor stages the main focus is on the avoidance of over therapy. This is of special interest in stage I where radiotherapy, carboplatin monotherapy and surveillance are available therapies as well as in stage IIA/B. Due to high late toxicity, radiotherapy of the retroperitoneal space is obsolete for young patients with clinical stage I and, in its present form, discussed controversially for patients with clinical stage IIA/B...

Testicular effects of chemical mixtures may differ from those of the individual chemical constituents. This study assessed the co-exposure effects of the model germ cell- and Sertoli cell-specific toxicants, X-irradiation (x-ray), and 2,5-hexanedione (HD), respectively. In high-dose studies, HD has been shown to attenuate x-ray-induced germ cell apoptosis. Adult rats were exposed to different levels of x-ray (0.5 Gy, 1 Gy, and 2 Gy) or HD (0.33%), either alone or in combination. To assess cell type-specific attenuation of x-ray effects with HD co-exposure, we used laser capture microdissection (LCM) to enrich the targeted cell population and examine a panel of apoptosis-related transcripts using PCR arrays...

BACKGROUND: Prostatic metastases from testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are extremely uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, only five cases of prostatic metastases from seminoma have been reported in the literature. Conversely, no cases of metastases to the prostate from nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) have been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We present two patients who developed prostatic metastases 5 and 21 years after the initial diagnosis...

The wide use of molecular positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in the tumor diagnostics has been playing an important role recently. The clinical role of hybrid imaging (PET/CT, single photon ECT/CT (SPECT/CT)) is growing continuously due to the simultaneous imaging of anatomy and function. Regarding oncology the role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET is proved in several clinical questions, including urooncology. Urologic cancers are associated with low or slightly significant uptake of FDG, due to their more benign behaviour...

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of yolk sac tumor of the testis with concomitant testicular hydrocele in children and the association between the two conditions in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 7 cases of stage-I yolk sac tumor of the testis with concomitant testicular hydrocele. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 14 (mean 11) months. As treatment, we performed radical high spermatic cord orchiectomy after diagnosis established on intraoperative frozen sections, and conducted follow-up visits by medical examination, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detection, chest X-ray, ultrasonography and CT for 3-41 (mean 17) months, every month in the first year, every 3 months in the second year and every 6 months in the third year after surgery...

BACKGROUND: Bleomycin has become an integral part of chemotherapy in patients with germ-cell tumors. One of the most feared side effects is bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. In patients with mild or moderate BIP, radiological signs disappear almost completely within nine months after discontinuation of bleomycin treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a patient with a history of non seminoma of the testis and bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. During follow-up, regression of the hypothesis of eosinophilic migration to the liver after regression of bleomycin-induced pneumonitis is highly suspicious based on transient eosinophilia and focal eosinophilic liver disease...

Positron emission tomography (PET) was developed in the mid-1970, and its initial applications were for heart and brain imaging research. Nowadays, this technology is aimed mainly at staging or restaging tumours as it allows the assessment of biochemical processes that are either specific or associated with tumour biology. The full appreciation of PET potentials and limitations among general practitioners and internists cannot be considered achieved and the appropriate use of PET especially when coupled to X-ray computed tomography (CT) is still suboptimal...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the patterns of management and surveillance imaging amongst medical oncologists in Australia for stage I testicular cancer during 2010. METHODS: We conducted a survey comprising 14 questions about the management strategy and surveillance imaging for all patients with stage I testicular cancer treated over the previous 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 52 medical oncologists documented the management for an estimated 470 patients...

PURPOSE: Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is performed in patients with advanced nonseminomatous (NSGCT) germ cell tumors and residual retroperitoneal mass post-chemotherapy. The extent of node dissection remains unclear. Ipsilateral template dissection is a compromise between morbidity and oncological efficacy. Here, we compare ipsilateral with primary bilateral laparoscopic (L)-RPLND after chemotherapy in terms of morbidity and oncological safety. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen laparoscopic ipsilateral L-RPLNDs (Group A) after platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with clinical stage IIA-III NSGCT were performed, while 20 patients underwent primary bilateral L-RPLND (Group B)...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study are to examine the long-term efficacy and adverse effects of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for stage I testicular seminoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective review was conducted in 199 patients with stage I testicular seminoma treated with curative intent orchiectomy and adjuvant megavoltage RT at the institution from January 1, 1972 through December 31, 2009. Computed tomography staging was performed for 90% of the patients...

Patients with testicular seminoma are usually cured if they survive disease-free for 5 years after therapy. Late relapse can also occur but is rare. In particular, relapse of testicular seminoma in the form of a large mediastinal mass is extremely rare. We present here a 37-year-old man with a late relapse of a large testicular seminoma in the posterior mediastinum, encasing the descending thoracic aorta, and compressing the left atrium and left main bronchus on computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)...

Metastasis of colorectal carcinoma to testis is rare. The authors report a case of 35-year-old man with right testicular mass. Contrast-enhanced CT scan (CECT) of testes showed testicular mass with ascitis and enlargement of retroperitoneal lymphnodes. Thus, a provisional diagnosis of disseminated primary testicular tumour was made. On subsequent high orchidectomy pathological examination revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma with CDX2 positivity thereby suggesting the possibility of metastasis from adenocarcinoma...

The first case was in a 39-year-old man who complained of painless, left hemiscrotal swelling. The patient's serum β human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) was elevated. A chest X-ray and computerized tomography (CT) did not reveal any abnormal findings. The patient underwent left high orchiectomy. The tumor weighed 440 g, and was pathologically diagnosed as a seminoma. The patient chose surveillance as the management strategy. Five months after the operation, the patient stopped attending his periodic checkups...

To summarize the clinicopathological features, therapeutic regimens, and outcomes for patients with primary testicular lymphoma (PTL), we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 13 patients diagnosed with PTL between 2001 and 2012 at our hospital. Average age at diagnosis was 62.2 ± 13.9 years, and all patients presented with painless testicular swelling. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the dominant histotype (69.2 %). All 13 patients were treated with inguinal orchiectomy and received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy...

UNLABELLED: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The topic of radiation safety has been hotly debated not only in the mainstream media, but also in the urological literature. Radiation exposure has been examined in urological diseases such as testicular cancer and urinary stone disease, with resultant recommendations for modifying surveillance imaging. Radiation risk with respect to surveillance regimens after RCC surgery has yet to be examined. We consider this largely to be a result of RCC typically affecting older patients in whom cumulative radiation exposure may be less of a consideration...

PURPOSE: To demonstrate a limitation of lifetime radiation-induced cancer risk metrics in the setting of testicular cancer surveillance-in particular, their failure to capture the delayed timing of radiation-induced cancers over the course of a patient's lifetime. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained for the use of computed tomographic (CT) dosimetry data in this study. Informed consent was waived. This study was HIPAA compliant...

We report the case of a 22-year-old male who had a history of metastatic right testicular tumor successfully treated with chemotherapy and surgery. Twenty-one months after the initial treatment, the serum human chorionic gonadotropin started to increase gradually, but whole body imaging including the left testis revealed no abnormal finding except testicular microlithiasis. A biopsy of the left testis revealed intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified type. After the human chorionic gonadotropin level reached 6...