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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gleb E Svinin, Vladimir A Kutsenko, Svetlana A Shalnova, Elena B Yarovaya, Asiia E Imaeva, Yulia A Balanova, Anna V Kapustina, Galina A Muromtseva, Oxana M Drapkina
SCORE2 (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation 2) is a risk assessment scale for cardiovascular events, presented in 2021 by the European Society of Cardiology. Both for training and validation of the SCORE2 model, representative samples from the Russian population were not used. Therefore, we aimed to validate SCORE2 on a such sample. For this purpose, we used a sample from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study consisting of 7251 participants aged 40-69 years without history of CVDs. We performed the validation by comparing SCORE2 risk estimates for ESSE-RF participants with the observed incidence of cardiovascular events in the study, adjusted for event information losses...
2024: PloS One
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Surendra Uranw, Narayan Raj Bhattarai, Kristien Cloots, Lalita Roy, Keshav Rai, Usha Kiran, Uttam Raj Pyakurel, Bibek Kumar Lal, Sakib Burza, Suman Rijal, Prahlad Karki, Basudha Khanal, Epco Hasker
In Nepal, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been targeted for elimination as a public health problem by 2026. Recently, increasing numbers of VL cases have been reported from districts of doubtful endemicity including hills and mountains, threatening the ongoing VL elimination program in Nepal. We conducted a multi-disciplinary, descriptive cross-sectional survey to assess the local transmission of Leishmania donovani in seven such districts situated at altitudes of up to 1,764 meters in western Nepal from March to December 2019...
2024: PloS One
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zedi Qi, Hongyan Yu, Liangchong Chen, Yichen Qu, Mignda Zhang, Guozhang Qi, Shengli Chen
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors, due to their unique locations, pose a serious threat to human health and present challenges to modern medicine. These tumors exhibit notable epidemiological characteristics across various ethnicities, regions, and age groups. This study investigated the trend of disease burden of CNS tumors in China from 1990-2019 and predicted the incidence and death rate from 2020-2030. Employing data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we utilized key indicators to scrutinize the disease burden associated with CNS tumors in China...
2024: PloS One
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hailey R Banack, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Heather M Ochs-Balcom, Elizabeth M Cespedes Feliciano, Bette Caan, Catherine Lee, Garnet Anderson, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, William J Evans
BACKGROUND: There is emerging evidence that cancer and its treatments may accelerate the normal aging process, increasing the magnitude and rate of decline in functional capacity. This accelerated aging process is hypothesized to hasten the occurrence of common adverse age-related outcomes in cancer survivors, including loss of muscle mass and decrease in physical function. However, there is no data describing age-related loss of muscle mass and its relation to physical function in the long-term in cancer survivors...
2024: PloS One
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Audrey Lu, Megan Armstrong, Robin Alexander, Eurella Vest, Jonathan Chang, Motao Zhu, Henry Xiang
BACKGROUND: Opioid overdose was declared a public health emergency in the United States, but much of the focus has been on adults. Child and adolescent exposure and access to unused prescription-opioid medications is a big concern. More research is needed on the trend of pediatric (age 0-17) prescription-opioid overdose emergency department (ED) visits in the United States, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic year. METHODS: This retrospective epidemiological study used the 2008-2020 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to provide a national estimate of ED visits related to prescription-opioid overdose...
2024: PloS One
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron M Eisen, Gregory N Bratman, Hector A Olvera-Alvarez
BACKGROUND: Emerging epidemiological evidence indicates nature exposure could be associated with greater health benefits among groups in lower versus higher socioeconomic positions. One possible mechanism underpinning this evidence is described by our framework: (susceptibility) adults in low socioeconomic positions face higher exposure to persistent psychosocial stressors in early life, inducing a pro-inflammatory phenotype as a lifelong susceptibility to stress; (differential susceptibility) susceptible adults are more sensitive to the health risks of adverse (stress-promoting) environments, but also to the health benefits of protective (stress-buffering) environments...
2024: PloS One
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer A Collister, Xiaonan Liu, Thomas J Littlejohns, Jack Cuzick, Lei Clifton, David J Hunter
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating a polygenic risk score (PRS) to existing risk prediction models for breast cancer improves model fit, but to determine its clinical utility the impact on risk categorisation needs to be established. We add a PRS to two well-established models and quantify the difference in classification using the net reclassification improvement (NRI). METHODS: We analysed data from 126,490 post-menopausal women of "White British" ancestry, aged 40-69 years at baseline from the UK Biobank prospective cohort...
April 17, 2024: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kate R Weinberger, Nina Veeravalli, Xiao Wu, Nicholas J Nassikas, Keith R Spangler, Nina R Joyce, Gregory A Wellenius
BACKGROUND: Tropical cyclones are associated with acute increases in mortality and morbidity, but few studies have examined their longer-term health consequences. We assessed whether tropical cyclones are associated with a higher frequency of symptom exacerbation among children with asthma in the following 12 months in eastern United States counties, 2000-2018. METHODS: We defined exposure to tropical cyclones as a maximum sustained windspeed >21 meters/second at the county center and used coarsened exact matching to match each exposed county to one or more unexposed counties...
May 1, 2024: Epidemiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chung Young Kim, Ahnul Ha, Sung Ryul Shim, In Hwan Hong, In Boem Chang, Young Kook Kim
IMPORTANCE: Suicide is a substantial public health concern that involves various recognized contributing factors. Sensory impairments, specifically visual impairment, are deemed potential risk factors. Nonetheless, comprehensive information about associated risk levels and underlying determinants remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between visual impairment and different aspects of suicide, including the assessment of risk levels and exploration of potential contributing factors...
April 1, 2024: JAMA Network Open
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raed Alzyoud, Motasem Alsuweiti, Heba Maaitah, Boshra Aladaileh, Mohammed Noubani, Hamazh Nsour
PURPOSE: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable clinical phenotypes. This study was conducted to describe the epidemiology, clinical presentations, treatment, and outcome of IEI in Jordanian children. METHODS: A retrospective data analysis was conducted for children under 15 years diagnosed with IEI from the pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Division-based registry at Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Amman, Jordan, between 2010 and 2022...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Clinical Immunology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natthida Owattanapanich, Meghan Lewis, Subarna Biswas, Elizabeth R Benjamin, Demetrios Demetriades
PURPOSE: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication after orthopedic trauma. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for FES in isolated lower extremity long bone fractures. METHODS: The National Trauma Data Bank "NTDB" study included patients with isolated femoral and tibial fractures. A total of 344 patients with FES were propensity score matched with 981 patients without FES. Multivariate logistical regression was used to identify independent risk factors for FES...
April 17, 2024: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: Official Publication of the European Trauma Society
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosa Sloot, Alexander Breskin, Lisandro D Colantonio, Andrew G Allmon, Ying Yu, Swati Sakhuja, Ligong Chen, Paul Muntner, M Alan Brookhart, Nafeesa Dhalwani
BACKGROUND: Initiation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 monoclonal antibody (PCSK9 mAb) for lipid-lowering following myocardial infarction (MI) is likely affected by patients' prognostic factors, potentially leading to bias when comparing real-world treatment effects. METHODS: Using target-trial emulation, we assessed potential confounding when comparing two treatment strategies post-MI: initiation of PCSK9 mAb within 1 year and no initiation of PCSK9 mAb...
March 12, 2024: Epidemiology
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REVIEW
Helen B Stolp, Egle Solito
INTRODUCTION: Neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke represent a substantial health burden to the world's ageing population. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is a key contributor to these conditions, affecting an individual's risk profile, age of onset, and severity of neurological disease. Recent data shows that early-life events, such as maternal health during pregnancy, birth weight and exposure to environmental toxins can 'prime' the vascular system for later changes...
April 2024: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabiola Giudici, Angela De Paoli, Federica Toffolutti, Stefano Guzzinati, Silvia Francisci, Lauro Bucchi, Gemma Gatta, Elena Demuru, Sandra Mallone, Antonella Dal Cin, Adele Caldarella, Francesco Cuccaro, Enrica Migliore, Maria Letizia Gambino, Alessandra Ravaioli, Antonella Puppo, Margherita Ferrante, Giuliano Carrozzi, Fabrizio Stracci, Antonino Musolino, Cinzia Gasparotti, Rossella Cavallo, Walter Mazzucco, Maria Francesca Vitale, Giuseppe Cascone, Paola Ballotari, Stefano Ferretti, Lucia Mangone, Roberto Vito Rizzello, Giuseppe Sampietro, Michael Mian, Lorenza Boschetti, Rocco Galasso, Francesca Bella, Daniela Piras, Alessandra Sessa, Pietro Seghini, Anna Clara Fanetti, Pasquala Pinna, Roberta De Angelis, Diego Serraino, Luigino Dal Maso, Airtum Working Group
This study aims to estimate long-term survival, cancer prevalence, and several cure indicators for Italian women with gynaecological cancers. Thirty-one cancer registries, representing 47% of the Italian female population, were included. Mixture cure models were used to estimate Net Survival (NS), Cure Fraction, Time To Cure (5-year conditional NS>95%), Cure Prevalence (women who will not die of cancer), and Already Cured (living longer than Time to Cure). In 2018, 0.4% (121,704) of Italian women were alive after corpus uteri cancer, 0...
April 15, 2024: American Journal of Epidemiology
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A J R Leenen, M J M Hoozemans, F van Dis, E van der Graaff, H E J Veeger, E A L M Verhagen
CONTEXT: Baseball pitching requires fast and coordinated motions of the whole body to reach high ball speeds, putting considerable strain on the musculoskeletal system, particularly the shoulder and elbow. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. OBJECTIVE: To describe musculoskeletal symptoms and the functional status of the shoulder and elbow in male high school baseball pitchers. SETTING: Dutch baseball talent academies...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Athletic Training
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Regina Cortes, Aina M Yañez, Laura Capitán-Moyano, Aina Millán-Pons, Miquel Bennasar-Veny
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalised adult patients, and to evaluate the accuracy of the most commonly used nutritional screening tools for identifying individuals at risk of malnutrition. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 248 hospitalised patients in internal medicine wards (mean age: 75.2 years; 39.5% females). Nutritional screening was performed within 48 h of admission using the following tools: Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Nutrition Risk Screening Tool (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF)...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Clinical Nursing
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenshuai Zheng, Mingjuan Liu, Lixun Guan, Shenyu Wang
BACKGROUND: Histological transformation (HT) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common complication of follicular lymphoma (FL) and is usually associated with a dismal outcome. However, the survival rate of these patients has improved over the last 20 years with the introduction of rituximab. This study aimed to access the outcome of transformation to DLBCL (t-DLBCL) from FL in a retrospective series that began after the widespread use of rituximab use. In addition, we also compared survival between t-DLBCL and primary DLBCL (p-DLBCL) in the same timeframe...
April 2024: Cancer Medicine
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Longjian Liu, Edward J Gracely, Xiaopeng Zhao, Gediminas P Gliebus, Nathalie S May, Stella L Volpe, Jingyi Shi, Rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili, Howard J Eisen
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is a scarcity of data stemming from large-scale epidemiological longitudinal studies focusing on potentially preventable and controllable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD). This study aimed to examine the effect of multiple metabolic factors and cardiovascular disorders on the risk of cognitive decline and AD/ADRD. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 6,440 participants aged 45-84 years at baseline...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sindiswa S Maphumulo, Dominique Goedhals, Cornel van Rooyen, Sabeehah Vawda
UNLABELLED: The seroepidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in South Africa is limited. We investigated anti-HEV IgM and IgG, in residual hepatitis A, B, and C negative serology specimens, at our public sector Free State (FS) laboratory. Of 299 specimens (01 May-31 October 2020), 182/299 (60.9%) had anti-HEV IgG and 1/299 (0.33%) had anti-HEV IgM. High HEV seroprevalence across different age groups suggests a different epidemiology in the FS, necessitating further research. CONTRIBUTION: The need for HEV research in South Africa is highlighted...
2024: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shoko Okitsu, Pattara Khamrin, Toshiyuki Hikita, Yuko Onda, Pham Thi Kim Ngan, Satoshi Hayakawa, Niwat Maneekarn, Hiroshi Ushijima
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the causative viruses of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Species F is known to be enteric adenovirus (genotypes 40 and 41) detected in stool samples. In Japan, we conducted an epidemiological study and molecular characterization of HAdV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic from 2017 to 2023. Among 821 patients, HAdV was detected in 118 AGE cases (14.4%). During a period of 6 years, the HAdV detection rates for each year were relatively low at 3.7% and 0%, in 2017-2018, and 2020-2021, respectively...
April 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
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