Pancrease MR

OBJECTIVE: Numerous methods for modeling gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in rats exist. However, their repeatability and stability are unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of high-fat and high-sugar (HFHS) diet, HFHS diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) administration, and HFHS diet combined with movement restriction (MR) modeling methods on rat models to confirm the best method for constructing a rat model of GDM. METHOD: Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): the normal control (NC), HFHS, HFHS+STZ, and HFHS+MR groups...

Patients fulfilling criteria for euthanasia can choose to donate their organs after circulatory death [donors after euthanasia (DCD V)]. This study assesses the outcome of islet cell isolation from DCD V pancreases. A procedure for DCD V procurement provided 13 pancreases preserved in Institut Georges Lopez-1 preservation solution and following acirculatory warm ischemia time under 10 minutes. Islet cell isolation outcomes are compared with those from reference donors after brain death (DBD, n = 234) and a cohort of donors after controlled circulatory death (DCD III, n = 29) procured under the same conditions...

BACKGROUND: The feasibility and reproducibility of multifrequency MR elastography (MRE) for diagnosing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have not been reported. PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility and reproducibility of multifrequency MRE for assessing pancreatic stiffness in healthy and diseased pancreases. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. SUBJECTS: A total of 40 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with PDAC were prospectively recruited between March 2018 and October 2021...

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is typically diagnosed in a late stage with limited therapeutic options. For those patients, ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (US-HIFU) can improve local control and alleviate pain. However, MRI-guided HIFU (MR-HIFU) has not yet been studied extensively in this context. To facilitate related research and accelerate clinical translation, we report a workflow for the in vivo HIFU ablation of the porcine pancreas under MRI guidance. Materials and methods: The pancreases of five healthy German landrace pigs (35-58 kg) were sonicated using a clinical MR-HIFU system...

OBJECTIVE: To clarify diffusion and perfusion abnormalities and evaluate correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), MR perfusion and histopathologic parameters of pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS: Eighteen patients with PC underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Parameters of DCE-MRI and ADC of cancer and non-cancerous tissue were compared. Correlation between the rate constant that represents transfer of contrast agent from the arterial blood into the extravascular extracellular space (K, volume of the extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue (Ve), and ADC of PC and histopathologic parameters were analyzed...

AIM: To determine the repeatability of three-dimensional echo planar imaging magnetic resonance (MR) elastography (3D EPI MRE) for assessing pancreatic stiffness in healthy volunteers, patients with chronic pancreatitis, and patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3D EPI MRE was used to assess pancreatic stiffness in five healthy volunteers, and five and three patients with histopathologically confirmed chronic pancreatitis and PDAC, respectively...

Laser Ablation (LA) is a minimally-invasive procedure for tumor treatment. LA outcomes depend on the heat distribution inside tissues and require accurate temperature measurement during the procedure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows a non-invasive and three-dimensional thermometry of the organ undergoing LA. In this study, the temperature distribution within two swine pancreases and three swine livers undergoing LA (Nd:YAG, power: 2 W, treatment time: 4 min) was monitored by a 1.5-T MR scanner, utilizing two T1-weighted sequences (IRTF and SRTF)...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a novel targeted contrast agent (CA) for the in vivo visualization of single native pancreatic islets, the sites of insulin production, in the pancreas of mice using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The CA for intravenous administration was composed of the β-cell-specific single-chain antibody fragment, SCA B1, and ferromagnetic carbon-coated cobalt nanoparticles. MRI experiments were performed at 7, 9.4 and 16.4 T in excised organs (pancreas, liver, kidney, spleen), at 7 T in mice fixed in formalin and at 9...

BACKGROUND: As their prognosis and management are different, differentiation of mass-forming focal pancreatitis (FP) from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) is important. However, the similar clinical presentations and imaging features of these conditions, along with inconclusive biopsy results can make such differentiation difficult. PURPOSE: To determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis can discriminate between a normal pancreas, FP, and PC...

α-Thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked protein (ATRX) and death domain-associated protein (DAXX) genes are tumor suppressors whose mutations have been identified in sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors as well as in patients with MEN1. However, it is unknown whether ATRX and DAXX alterations are specific for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. In addition, the association of ATRX/DAXX protein loss with tumor cell proliferation has not been examined. We, therefore, immunostained ATRX and DAXX in 10 gastric, 15 duodenal, 20 rectal, 70 pancreatic, and 22 pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors with 15 nonneoplastic pancreases and 27 pancreatic adenocarcinomas to elucidate the site-specific roles of ATRX/DAXX abnormalities...

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pancreas can frequently be mistaken for other submucosal masses. Ectopic pancreas may follow the signal intensity of mother pancreas on various magnetic resonance (MR) sequences, which might be helpful for differentiation between ectopic pancreas and other submucosal tumors in upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract. PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of MR imaging (MRI) in differentiating ectopic pancreases from submucosal tumors in UGI tract. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with ectopic pancreas and 26 patients with UGI submucosal tumors were included...

BACKGROUND: The fragile X mouse model shows an increase in seizure susceptibility, indicating an involvement of the GABAergic system via an alteration in cellular excitability. In the brain, we have previously described a reduction in GABAA receptor expression as a likely basis for this susceptibility. In the brains of fragile X mice, this reduction in receptor expression culminates with a concomitant increase in the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the enzyme responsible for GABA synthesis...

BACKGROUND: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of central nervous system damage leading to sensorineural hearing loss, mental retardation and cerebral palsy. OBJECTIVES: Identify the type of organ involvement and understand the histopathogenesis of damage in foetuses of women with a CMV-highly positive amniotic fluid. STUDY DESIGN: 34 foetuses with congenital CMV infection documented by prenatal diagnosis were studied...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences between the in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) features of chronic focal pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma and to evaluate the possibility of discriminating chronic focal pancreatitis from pancreatic carcinoma by analysis of in vivo H-MR spectra. METHODS: The H-MR spectra from 36 human pancreases were evaluated in vivo. This series included 15 cases of chronic focal pancreatitis and 21 cases of pancreatic carcinoma...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three dimensional (3D) contrast magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the diagnosis of complications of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT), as confirmed by biopsy and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). METHODS: Five MR examinations of five patients were performed within 28 days to 2 years after surgery on GE 1.5T MR system. Imaging techniques included axial and sagittal chemical fat-suppressed T1-weighted image (T1WI) and T2-weighted image (T2WI), additional contrast axial or saggital chemical fat-suppressed T1WI were obtained after 3D contrast MRA for calculating the mean percentage of the parenchymal enhancement (MPPE) of the pancreas and kidney...

UNLABELLED: Around 30% of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors (GPET) cannot be preoperatively identified by the common diagnostic imaging techniques. The aim of this retrospective study was to present our experience in the diagnosis and localization of GPET by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) performed prior to surgery and compare this with a review of the literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients suspected of having specific hormonal syndromes were correlatively explored with US, CT, MR, angiography, octreoscan and radial EUS with Olympus GFUM3/EUM3 and GF-UM20/EUM 20 and 30...

A large-molecular-weight proinsulin-immunoreactive protein fraction was obtained from an extract of fetal bovine pancreases by gel filtration in 6 M guanidine-1 M acetic acid. Concanavalin A-Sepharose-affinity column chromatography of the large-molecular-weight fraction yielded a discrete alpha-methyl-mannoside-displaceable immunoreactive peak that also displayed N-acetylglucosamine-specific binding to wheat germ lectin-Sepharose. Chemically tritiated and radioiodinated lectin-reactive proteins interacted specifically with antibodies to insulin and bovine proinsulin...

150 MR examinations of the upper abdomen were carried out after the oral administration of 5 ml/kg body weight of a gadolinium DTPA formulation (1.0 mmol/l, 15 g/l mannitol), with reference to the delineation of the pancrease, the liver and intra-abdominal fat. For comparison, 100 MR examinations without oral opacification of the G.I. tract were evaluated. Contrast administration resulted in a signal-intensive demonstration of the G.I. tract for all measurement sequences. The intraluminal contrast improved the distinction between normal and abnormal structures...

Incubation of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase from bovine pancrease with [gamma-32P]ATP of [gamma-32P]GTP and casein kinase II from rabbit liver leads to the incorporation of labeled phosphate into serine residues of synthetase polypeptide. The maximal level of 32P incorporation into synthetase polypeptide (Mr = 60 kDa) 0.15 moles of 32P per 1 mole of polypeptide was observed. Electrophoretic analysis according to O'Farrell showed that kinase phosphorylates exclusively the most acidic polypeptides (pI 4.9) of the synthetase preparation...

Multinuclear MR was applied to the study of experimental acute pancreatitis. A continuous increase, up to 700%, of total, NMR visible, sodium content was detected during the development of the disease through the edematous stage to necrosis. The effect of the elevation of sodium content is amplified by an increased 23Na NMR visibility during the disease. Interstitial and total water volume of pancreases were estimated using the distribution of Co(CN)3-(6) and D2O, by 59Co and 2H NMR, respectively. In healthy pancreases the interstitial compartment was found to comprise 35% of the tissue volume...