Sugar addiction

Screen time (ST) on digital devices has increased in recent decades due to digital development. Furthermore, constant engagement with digital devices alters sleep patterns, leading to nocturnal eating behaviour among users. These phenomena are therefore of great concern, as digital device addiction and night eating are associated with unhealthy food intake, increasing the metabolic syndrome (MetS) risks. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence of the influence of ST and night eating behaviour (NEB) on dietary intake and its association with MetS based on previous literature...

Excessive consumption of palatable foods that are rich in fats and sugars has contributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. Similar to addictive drugs, such foods activate the brain's reward circuit, involving mesolimbic dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the prefrontal cortex. Neuroadaptations occurring in this circuit are hypothesized to contribute to uncontrolled consumption of such foods, a common feature of most of eating disorders and obesity...

One of the informal diagnoses in DSM-5 is Caffeine Use Disorder (CUD). CUD and high levels of caffeine consumption could impact mental health conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CUD, caffeine consumption, caffeine-related harms, and related psychiatric symptoms in Iran. A cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample of 1228 adults were conducted in Iran. Caffeine consumption was assessed across 20 products in Iran. Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire (CUDQ), Caffeine Withdrawal Symptoms Questionnaire (CWSQ), 14-item Caffeine-related Harm Screening (CHS), and Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) were used in the present study...

BACKGROUND: Interest in addictive eating continues to grow from both a research and clinical perspective. To date, dietary assessment alongside food addiction status is limited, with management options for addictive eating behaviours variable, given the overlap with myriad conditions. The aim of this study was to report the dietary intake and quality-of-life outcomes from a personality-targeted motivational interviewing intervention delivered by dietitians using telehealth. METHODS: The study was conducted in adults exceeding their healthy-weight range with symptoms of addictive eating, as defined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale...

The present study investigated the inhibitory and neuroprotective effects of Rubia yunnanensis alcohol extract (RY-A) on oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 cells. In vitro cultured HT22 cells were randomly divided into control, OGD/R, OGD/R + 100 µmol/l edaravone and OGD/R + 10, 20 and 40 µg/ml RY-A groups. Oxygen-sugar deprivation was performed with 10 mmol/l sodium dithionite combined with sugar-free DMEM medium for 2 h, followed by re-glycolization and reoxygenation for 2 h to establish an in vitro OGD/R model...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A health warning label (HWL) cautioning about the link between alcohol and cancer may be able to communicate alcohol risks to consumers and potentially counter health-oriented nutrition advertising on ready-to-drink alcoholic beverages. This study aimed to examine the independent and combined effects of nutrient content claims (e.g. 0 g sugar) and a HWL on perceived product characteristics and intentions to consume, and whether these effects differed by gender and age...

BACKGROUND: High-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) stands as a prevalent occupational morbidity globally, with numerous associated risk factors, some of which are modifiable. In the context of a comprehensive hearing conservation program, the initial steps involve early screening and identification of workers with these modifiable risk factors, aiming to reduce the prevalence of hearing loss. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of HFHL and determine its predictors among mine workers...

Sugar bingeing induces maladaptive neuroadaptations to decrease dietary control and promote withdrawal symptoms. This study investigated the sex differences in sucrose bingeing and withdrawal-induced negative mood effects and underlying neuroimmune response in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of C57BL/6 male and female mice. We used a two-bottle sucrose choice paradigm to develop sucrose dependence in mice. Female mice consumed more sucrose than male mice when given free access to water and 10% sucrose for four weeks...

RATIONALE: Opioid dependence is often associated with impaired nutritional status, weight changes, nutritional deficiencies, and increased sugar consumption. Scientific quantified data on the dietary habits and intake of such patients are sparse. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted among 60 male and female former heroin addicts, who sought detoxification at the OKANA replacement therapy unit, in a public university hospital. All patients were treated for their addiction with buprenorfine/naloxone in combination with counseling...

BACKGROUND: Mine workers face various health risks from occupational hazards, notably dust-related pulmonary dysfunction. This dysfunction is also attributed to diverse risk factors and health conditions. Despite the variety of underlying mechanisms, conflicting evidence persists regarding hypertension as a potential risk factor for such dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictors of pulmonary dysfunction vis-à-vis the hypertension status of mine workers...

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of food addiction among patients seeking bariatric surgery is approximately 30 %. While hyper-palatable foods (HPF) have been identified as the potential 'substance' in food addiction and a contributor to severe obesity, consumption of HPF among individuals with food addiction, including those seeking bariatric surgery, is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption of HPF among individuals seeking bariatric surgery with food addiction, compared to those without food addiction...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic, relapsing condition that is epidemic in the USA. OUD is associated with serious adverse consequences, including higher incarceration rates, impaired medical and mental health, and overdose-related fatalities. Several medications with demonstrated clinical efficacy in reducing opioid use are approved to treat OUD. However, there is evidence that medications for OUD cause metabolic impairments, which raises concerns over the long-term metabolic health of individuals recovering from OUD...

High energy intake combined with low physical activity generates positive energy balance, which, when maintained, favours obesity, a highly prevalent morbidity linked to development of non-communicable chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among many factors contributing to disproportionately high energy intakes, and thereby to the obesity epidemic, the type and degree of food processing play an important role. Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) are industrialized and quite often high-energy-dense products with added sugar, salt, unhealthy fats and food additives formulated to be palatable or hyperpalatable...

BACKGROUND: Consumption of caffeinated energy drinks (CED) has escalated during the last few years, especially among schoolchildren, with evident adverse health sequelae in this critical age group. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence of CED consumption and its associations with sleep, physical and mental health, and dietary and lifestyle habits among schoolchildren in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHOD: A structured self-administered online questionnaire was developed and disseminated among schoolchildren aged 14-18 years, selected from schools of the seven emirates of the UAE...

People know that overconsumption of high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) foods have negative consequences for physical and cognitive wellbeing but continue to consume these foods in excess, leading to recent proposals to model obesity as an addiction disorder. The current experiment tested, in a large undergraduate sample (N = 306), the hypothesis that obesity and overconsumption is linked with an oversensitivity to rewards that drives attentional biases towards foods and food-associated cues. Using a modified emotion-induced blindness task with food-related distractors, we examined the extent to which attentional biases to images of HFHS foods were accounted for by BMI, HFHS food intake, self-reported hunger, time since last meal, diet status, food preferences, and attentional control...

Consumption of a Western-type diet, high in fat and sugar, by mothers as well as maternal weight gain and obesity during gestation and lactation may impact offspring risk for mood and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to determine if ingestion of a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet by rat dams during gestation and lactation or by their pups after weaning impacted these behaviors and stress responsivity in young, adult offspring. To accomplish this, dams consumed either a 46% fat/high sucrose (HFS) diet or the AIN93G control diet during gestation and lactation...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: US tobacco companies owned leading US food companies from 1980 to 2001. We measured whether hyper-palatable foods (HPF) were disproportionately developed in tobacco-owned food companies, resulting in substantial tobacco-related influence on the US food system. DESIGN: The study involved a review of primary industry documents to identify food brands that were tobacco company-owned. Data sets from the US Department of Agriculture were integrated to facilitate longitudinal analyses estimating the degree to which foods were formulated to be hyper-palatable, based on tobacco ownership...

BACKGROUND: Increased consumption of food that are high in energy and sugar have been pointed as a major factor in the obesity epidemic. Impaired control of food intake and the concept of food addiction has been developed as a potential contributor. Our objective was to evaluate the dimensionality and psychometric validity of diagnostic criteria for food addiction adapted from the 11 DSM-5 substance use disorder (SUD) criteria (i.e.: Food Use Disorder (FUD) criteria), and to evaluate the influence of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI)...

Substance use disorders (SUD) can lead to serious health problems, and there is a great interest in developing new treatment methods to alleviate the impact of substance abuse. In recent years, the ketogenic diet (KD) has shown therapeutic benefits as a dietary therapy in a variety of neurological disorders. Recent studies suggest that KD can compensate for the glucose metabolism disorders caused by alcohol use disorder by increasing ketone metabolism, thereby reducing withdrawal symptoms and indicating the therapeutic potential of KD in SUD...

AIM: To develop individualized approaches to the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) based on the interaction of genetic and epigenetic factors, to characterize the phenotypes of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: According to the formulated concept of the authors, from the cohort of patients with IBS, subgroups were distinguished - "post-infectious IBS" ( n =45), "IBS in overweight and obese people" ( n =49), "comorbid IBS" ( n =75) and "essential IBS" ( n =51)...