Iosif Lazaridis, Nick Patterson, David Anthony, Leonid Vyazov, Romain Fournier, Harald Ringbauer, Iñigo Olalde, Alexander A Khokhlov, Egor P Kitov, Natalia I Shishlina, Sorin C Ailincăi, Danila S Agapov, Sergey A Agapov, Elena Batieva, Baitanayev Bauyrzhan, Zsolt Bereczki, Alexandra Buzhilova, Piya Changmai, Andrey A Chizhevsky, Ion Ciobanu, Mihai Constantinescu, Marietta Csányi, János Dani, Peter K Dashkovskiy, Sándor Évinger, Anatoly Faifert, Pavel N Flegontov, Alin Frînculeasa, Mădălina N Frînculeasa, Tamás Hajdu, Tom Higham, Paweł Jarosz, Pavol Jelínek, Valeri I Khartanovich, Eduard N Kirginekov, Viktória Kiss, Alexandera Kitova, Alexeiy V Kiyashko, Jovan Koledin, Arkady Korolev, Pavel Kosintsev, Gabriella Kulcsár, Pavel Kuznetsov, Rabadan Magomedov, Mamedov Aslan Malikovich, Eszter Melis, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Erika Molnár, Janet Monge, Octav Negrea, Nadezhda A Nikolaeva, Mario Novak, Maria Ochir-Goryaeva, György Pálfi, Sergiu Popovici, Marina P Rykun, Tatyana M Savenkova, Vladimir P Semibratov, Nikolai N Seregin, Alena Šefčáková, Mussayeva Raikhan Serikovna, Irina Shingiray, Vladimir N Shirokov, Angela Simalcsik, Kendra Sirak, Konstantin N Solodovnikov, Judit Tárnoki, Alexey A Tishkin, Viktov Trifonov, Sergey Vasilyev, Ali Akbari, Esther S Brielle, Kim Callan, Francesca Candilio, Olivia Cheronet, Elizabeth Curtis, Olga Flegontova, Lora Iliev, Aisling Kearns, Denise Keating, Ann Marie Lawson, Matthew Mah, Adam Micco, Megan Michel, Jonas Oppenheimer, Lijun Qiu, J Noah Workman, Fatma Zalzala, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Pier Francesco Palamara, Swapan Mallick, Nadin Rohland, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich
The Yamnaya archaeological complex appeared around 3300BCE across the steppes north of the Black and Caspian Seas, and by 3000BCE reached its maximal extent from Hungary in the west to Kazakhstan in the east. To localize the ancestral and geographical origins of the Yamnaya among the diverse Eneolithic people that preceded them, we studied ancient DNA data from 428 individuals of which 299 are reported for the first time, demonstrating three previously unknown Eneolithic genetic clines. First, a "Caucasus-Lower Volga" (CLV) Cline suffused with Caucasus hunter-gatherer (CHG) ancestry extended between a Caucasus Neolithic southern end in Neolithic Armenia, and a steppe northern end in Berezhnovka in the Lower Volga...
April 18, 2024: bioRxiv