keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315649/the-promiscuity-of-squalene-synthase-like-enzyme-dehydrosqualene-synthase-a-natural-squalene-hyperproducer
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zheng Guan, Yafeng Song, Marcel de Vries, Hjalmar Permentier, Pieter Tepper, Ronald van Merkerk, Rita Setroikromo, Wim J Quax
Dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM), as a squalene synthase-like enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus , can naturally utilize farnesyl diphosphate to produce dehydrosqualene (C30 H48 ). However, no study has documented the natural production of squalene (C30 H50 ) by CrtM. Here, based on an HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS study, we report that the expression of crtM in vitro or in Bacillus subtilis 168 both results in the output of squalene, dehydrosqualene, and phytoene (C40 H64 ). Notably, wild-type CrtM exhibits a significantly higher squalene yield compared to squalene synthase (SQS) from Bacillus megaterium with an approximately 2...
February 5, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097319/derivative-of-7-hydroxycoumarin-has-antifungal-potential-against-candida-species-and-low-cytotoxicity-against-human-cells-in-silico-studies-and-biological-evaluation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paula Lima Nogueira, Danielle da Nóbrega Alves, Palloma Christine Queiroga Gomes da Costa, Gleycyelly Rodrigues Araujo, Alana Rodrigues Ferreira, Ana Paula Gomes Moura Farias, Natália Ferreira de Sousa, Marianna Vieira Sobral, Damião Pergentino de Sousa, Marcus Tullius Scotti, Luciana Scotti, Ricardo Dias de Castro
This study investigates the antifungal and cytotoxic properties of 7-(pentyloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one. Through molecular docking and dynamics simulations, we explored the compound's interactions with fungal cell protein targets. Notably, it exhibited strong affinities for 1,3β-glucan synthase, squalene epoxidase, δ-14-sterol reductase, 14-α-demethylase, and thymidylate synthase, with binding energies ranging from -100.39 to -73.15 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed its stable binding at active targets...
December 2023: Fungal Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37628732/differentially-expressed-genes-in-response-to-a-squalene-supplemented-diet-are-accurate-discriminants-of-porcine-non-alcoholic-steatohepatitis
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roubi Abuobeid, Luis V Herrera-Marcos, Carmen Arnal, Seyed Hesamoddin Bidooki, Javier Sánchez-Marco, Roberto Lasheras, Joaquín C Surra, María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi, Roberto Martínez-Beamonte, Jesús Osada
Squalene is the major unsaponifiable component of virgin olive oil, the fat source of the Mediterranean diet. To evaluate its effect on the hepatic transcriptome, RNA sequencing was carried out in two groups of male Large White x Landrace pigs developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by feeding them a high fat/cholesterol/fructose and methionine and choline-deficient steatotic diet or the same diet with 0.5% squalene. Hepatic lipids, squalene content, steatosis, activity (ballooning + inflammation), and SAF (steatosis + activity + fibrosis) scores were analyzed...
August 8, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37586191/comparative-transcriptome-analysis-reveals-mechanisms-of-restriction-feeding-on-lipid-metabolism-in-ducks
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Zhang, Bincheng Tang, Jiangming Li, Qingyuan Ouyang, Shenqiang Hu, Jiwei Hu, Hehe Liu, Liang Li, Hua He, Jiwen Wang
Presently, excessive fat deposition is the main reason to limit the development of duck industry. In the production, the methods of restricted feeding (RF) were widely used to reduce the lipid deposition of ducks. The liver (L), abdominal adipose (AA), and subcutaneous adipose (SA) were the main tissues of lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks. However, the mechanisms of lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks under RF have not been fully clarified. In this study, in order to better understand the mechanisms of lipid metabolism and deposition in ducks under RF, a total of 120 male Nonghua ducks were randomly divided into a free feeding group (FF, n = 60) and RF group (RF, n = 60), then comparative transcriptomic analysis of L, AA, and SA between FF (n = 3) and RF (n = 3) ducks was performed at 56 d of age...
July 26, 2023: Poultry Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36608315/switching-prenyl-donor-specificities-in-squalene-synthase-like-aromatic-prenyltransferases-from-bacterial-carbazole-alkaloid-biosynthesis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaoyao Shen, Liu Zhang, Ming Yang, Ting Shi, Yongzhen Li, Lei Li, Yi Yu, Hai Deng, Hou-Wen Lin, Yongjun Zhou
Lavanduquinocin (LDQ) is a potent neuroprotective carbazole alkaloid from Streptomyces species that features a rare cyclic monoterpene/cyclolavandulyl moiety attached to the tricyclic carbazole nucleus. We elucidated the biosynthetic logic of LDQ by enzymatically reconstituting the total biosynthetic pathway and identified the genes required for generating the cyclolavandulyl moiety in LDQ based on mutagenetic analysis, including a cyclolavandulyl diphosphate synthase gene ldq A and a squalene synthase-like aromatic prenyltransferase gene ldq G...
January 6, 2023: ACS Chemical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35844368/first-report-of-triterpenes-pathway-in-calotropis-procera-revealed-to-accumulate-beta-amyrin
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabah Hassan, Ahmed Atef, Hani M Ali, Rahma Alshamrani, Ahmed Ramadan
The major reports on Calotropis procera ( C. procera ) indicated the importance of this plant as a resource of pharmaceutically active ingredients as well as its medical advantages. β-amyrin (BA) is a significant substance in this plant and has a pharmacological effects in some frameworks, like focal and fringe sensory system, digestive and immune systems. In this study, the impact of sunlight before and after irrigation on the BA production in C. procera is studied its pathway with involved eight key enzymes...
May 2022: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35842218/production-of-cholesterol-like-molecules-impacts-escherichia-coli-robustness-production-capacity-and-vesicle-trafficking
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel C Santoscoy, Laura R Jarboe
The economic viability of bioprocesses is constrained by the limited range of operating conditions that can be tolerated by the cell factory. Engineering of the microbial cell membrane is one strategy that can increase robustness and thus alter this range. In this work, we targeted cellular components that contribute to maintenance of appropriate membrane function, such as: flotillin-like proteins, membrane structural proteins, and membrane lipids. Specifically, we exploited the promiscuity of squalene hopene cyclase (SHC) to produce polycyclic terpenoids with properties analogous to cholesterol...
September 2022: Metabolic Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34386322/ginsenosides-in-panax-genus-and-their-biosynthesis
#8
REVIEW
Maoqi Hou, Rufeng Wang, Shujuan Zhao, Zhengtao Wang
Ginsenosides are a series of glycosylated triterpenoids which belong to protopanaxadiol (PPD)-, protopanaxatriol (PPT)-, ocotillol (OCT)- and oleanane (OA)-type saponins known as active compounds of Panax genus. They are accumulated in plant roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. The content and composition of ginsenosides are varied in different ginseng species, and in different parts of a certain plant. In this review, we summarized the representative saponins structures, their distributions and the contents in nearly 20 Panax species, and updated the biosynthetic pathways of ginsenosides focusing on enzymes responsible for structural diversified ginsenoside biosynthesis...
July 2021: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34148286/cloning-and-functional-characterization-of-a-squalene-synthase-from-paris-polyphylla-var-yunnanensis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian-Xiong Gao, Yue-Gui Chen, De-Sen Li, Liang Lin, Yan Liu, Sheng-Hong Li
Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. - Mazz. is a precious traditional Chinese medicine, and steroidal saponins are its major bioactive constituents possessing extensive biological activities. Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the first dedicated step converting two molecular of farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) into squalene, a key intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of steroidal saponins. In this study, a squalene synthase gene (PpSQS1) was cloned and functionally characterized from P. polyphylla var...
June 17, 2021: Chemistry & Biodiversity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34011532/negative-regulation-of-human-hepatic-constitutive-androstane-receptor-by-cholesterol-synthesis-inhibition-role-of-sterol-regulatory-element-binding-proteins
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liberta Cuko, Zofia Duniec-Dmuchowski, Elizabeth A Rondini, Asmita Pant, John K Fallon, Elizabeth M Wilson, Nicholas J Peraino, Judy A Westrick, Philip C Smith, Thomas A Kocarek
The squalene synthase inhibitor squalestatin 1 (Squal1) is a potent and efficacious inducer of CYP2B expression in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and rat liver. To determine whether Squal1 is also an inducer of human CYP2B, the effects of Squal1 treatment were evaluated in primary cultured human hepatocytes, differentiated HepaRG cells, and humanized mouse livers. Squal1 treatment did not increase CYP2B6 mRNA levels in human hepatocytes or HepaRG cells and only slightly and inconsistently increased CYP2B6 mRNA content in humanized mouse liver...
May 19, 2021: Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the Biological Fate of Chemicals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33930349/statins-repress-needle-like-carbon-nanotube-or-cholesterol-crystal-stimulated-il-1%C3%AE-production-by-inhibiting-the-uptake-of-crystals-by-macrophages
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongyan Cui, Keisuke Soga, Norimasa Tamehiro, Reiko Adachi, Akiko Hachisuka, Akihiko Hirose, Kazunari Kondo, Tomoko Nishimaki-Mogami
Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors that lower atherogenic LDL-cholesterol levels. Statins exert clinically relevant anti-inflammatory effects; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Studies have shown that endogenous and exogenous pathogenic crystals, such as cholesterol and monosodium urate (MSU), and needle-like nanomaterials, such as multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), induce the production of IL-1β and play a critical role in the development of crystal-associated sterile inflammatory pathologies...
June 2021: Biochemical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33720927/an-evolutionarily-diverged-mitochondrial-protein-controls-biofilm-growth-and-virulence-in-candida-albicans
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeinab Mamouei, Shakti Singh, Bernard Lemire, Yiyou Gu, Abdullah Alqarihi, Sunna Nabeela, Dongmei Li, Ashraf Ibrahim, Priya Uppuluri
A forward genetic screening approach identified orf19.2500 as a gene controlling Candida albicans biofilm dispersal and biofilm detachment. Three-dimensional (3D) protein modeling and bioinformatics revealed that orf19.2500 is a conserved mitochondrial protein, structurally similar to, but functionally diverged from, the squalene/phytoene synthases family. The C. albicans orf19.2500 is distinguished by 3 evolutionarily acquired stretches of amino acid inserts, absent from all other eukaryotes except a small number of ascomycete fungi...
March 15, 2021: PLoS Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32845096/understanding-the-functional-impact-of-voc-ozone-mixtures-on-the-chemistry-of-rna-in-epithelial-lung-cells
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L M Contreras, J C Gonzalez-Rivera, K C Baldridge, D S Wang, Jcl Chuvalo-Abraham, L H Ruiz
Introduction: Ambient air pollution is associated with premature death caused by heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. Recent studies have suggested that ribonucleic acid (RNA) oxidation is a sensitive environment-related biomarker that is implicated in pathogenesis. Aims and Methods: We used a novel approach that integrated RNA-Seq analysis with detection by immunoprecipitation techniques of the prominent RNA oxidative modification 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG)...
July 2020: Research Report (Res Rep Health Eff Inst)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32778689/a-monodomain-class-ii-terpene-cyclase-assembles-complex-isoprenoid-scaffolds
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philipp Moosmann, Felix Ecker, Stefan Leopold-Messer, Jackson K B Cahn, Cora L Dieterich, Michael Groll, Jörn Piel
Class II terpene cyclases, such as oxidosqualene and squalene-hopene cyclases, catalyse some of the most complex polycyclization reactions. They minimally exhibit a β,γ-didomain architecture that has been evolutionarily repurposed in a wide range of terpene-processing enzymes and likely resulted from a fusion of unidentified monodomain proteins. Although single domain class I terpene cyclases have already been identified, the corresponding class II counterparts have not been previously reported. Here we present high-resolution X-ray structures of a monodomain class II cyclase, merosterolic acid synthase (MstE)...
August 10, 2020: Nature Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32605883/citrus-reticulata-peel-oil-as-an-antiatherogenic-agent-hypolipogenic-effect-in-hepatic-cells-lipid-storage-decrease-in-foam-cells-and-prevention-of-ldl-oxidation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María A Castro, Manuel A Llanos, Boris E Rodenak-Kladniew, Luciana Gavernet, Marianela E Galle, Rosana Crespo
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress are two of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis. The aim of the present work was to evaluate mandarin (Citrus reticulata) peel oil (MPO) in cholesterol metabolism and lipid synthesis, and its antioxidant capacity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Incubation of hepatic HepG2 cells with MPO (15-60 μL/L) reduced cholesterogenesis and saponifiable lipid synthesis, demonstrated by [14 C]acetate radioactivity assays...
May 12, 2020: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases: NMCD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32602556/impairing-committed-cholesterol-biosynthesis-in-white-matter-astrocytes-but-not-grey-matter-astrocytes-enhances-in-vitro-myelination
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inge L Werkman, Janine Kövilein, Jenny C de Jonge, Wia Baron
Remyelination is a regenerative process that is essential to recover saltatory conduction and to prevent neurodegeneration upon demyelination. The formation of new myelin involves the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) towards oligodendrocytes and requires high amounts of cholesterol. Astrocytes (ASTRs) modulate remyelination by supplying lipids to oligodendrocytes. Remarkably, remyelination is more efficient in grey matter (GM) than in white matter (WM), which may relate to regional differences in ASTR subtype...
June 30, 2020: Journal of Neurochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31899620/discovery-of-a-small-molecule-dependent-photolytic-peptide
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasushi Takemoto, Di Mao, Louvy Punzalan, Sebastian Götze, Shin-Ichi Sato, Motonari Uesugi
We accidentally found that YM-53601, a known small-molecule inhibitor of squalene synthase (SQS), selectively depletes SQS from mammalian cells upon ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Further analyses indicate that the photo-depletion of SQS requires its short peptide segment located at the COOH terminus. Remarkably, when the 27-amino acid peptide was fused to GFP or unrelated proteins at either NH2 or COOH termini, such fusion proteins were selectively depleted when the cells are treated both with YM-53601 and UV exposure...
January 3, 2020: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31763560/genome-wide-association-study-for-squalene-contents-and-functional-haplotype-analysis-in-rice
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Qiang Wang, Kyu-Won Kim, Sang-Ho Chu, Rungnapa Phitaktansakul, Sang-Won Park, Ill-Min Chung, Young-Sang Lee, Yong-Jin Park
Squalene is an isoprenoid compound that acts as the intermediate metabolite in cholesterol synthesis. Squalene is not very susceptible to peroxidation, and it quenches singlet oxygen in the skin, which is caused by UV exposure and other ionizing radiation sources. Squalene is a precursor to phytosterol synthesis, and it has been widely studied for its ability to reduce oxidation, cancer activity, and cholesterol levels. We performed a genome-wide association study for squalene in rice using 1.6 million high-quality SNPs extracted from 295 accessions' resequencing data...
November 19, 2019: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30904161/aspergillus-flavus-squalene-synthase-as-an-antifungal-target-expression-activity-and-inhibition
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junfeng Song, Na Shang, Noman Baig, Jiaqi Yao, Christopher Shin, Boo Kyun Kim, Qian Li, Satish R Malwal, Eric Oldfield, Xinxin Feng, Rey-Ting Guo
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening disease impacting immunocompromised individuals. Standard treatments of IA, including polyenes and azoles, suffer from high toxicity and emerging resistance, leading to the need to develop new antifungal agents with novel mechanisms of action. Ergosterol biosynthesis is a classic target for antifungals, and squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the first committed step in ergosterol biosynthesis in Aspergillus spp. making SQS of interest in the context of antifungal development...
March 20, 2019: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30552631/transcriptome-analysis-of-differential-gene-expression-in-dichomitus-squalens-during-interspecific-mycelial-interactions-and-the-potential-link-with-laccase-induction
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zixuan Zhong, Nannan Li, Binghui He, Yasuo Igarashi, Feng Luo
Interspecific mycelial interactions between white rot fungi are always accompanied by an increased production of laccase. In this study, the potential of the white rot fungus Dichomitus squalens to enhance laccase production during interactions with two other white rot fungi, Trametes versicolor or Pleurotus ostreatus, was assessed. To probe the mechanism of laccase induction and the role that laccase plays during combative interaction, we analyzed the differential gene expression profile of the laccase induction response to stressful conditions during fungal interaction...
September 13, 2018: Journal of Microbiology / the Microbiological Society of Korea
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