Triiodo

Molybdenum, tungsten, and rhenium halides bearing a 2,2'-( i Pr2 As)2 -substituted diphenylacetylene ([AsCCAs], 1-As ) were prepared and reduced under an atmosphere of dinitrogen in order to activate the latter substrate. In the case of molybdenum, a diiodo ( 2-As ) and a triiodo molybdenum precursor ( 5 ) were equally suited for reductive N2 splitting, which led to the isolation of [AsCCAs]Mo≡N(I) ( 3-As ) in each case. For tungsten, [AsCCAs]WCl3 ( 6 ) was reduced under N2 to afford {[AsCCAs]WCl2 }2 (N2 ) ( 7 ), which is best described as a dinuclear π8 δ4 -configured μ-(η1 : η1 )-N2 -bridged dimer...

Thyroid hormones (THs) are a variety of iodine-containing hormones that demonstrate critical physiological impacts on cellular activities. The assessment of thyroid function and the diagnosis of thyroid disorders require accurate measurement of TH levels. However, largely due to their structural similarities, the simultaneous discrimination of different THs is challenging. Nanopores, single-molecule sensors with a high resolution, are suitable for this task. In this paper, a hetero-octameric Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) nanopore containing a single nickel ion immobilized to the pore constriction has enabled simultaneous identification of five representative THs including l-thyroxine (T4), 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), 3,3',5'-triiodo-l-thyronine (rT3), 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,5-T2) and 3,3'-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,3'-T2)...

Three new zinc(II) complexes [Zn(H2 L3 )2 (H2 O)3 ] ( Zn2 ), [Zn(H3 L2a )(H2 O)3 ]n ( Zn3 ) (H3 L2a = 2,4-diiodo-5-(2-(2,4,6-trioxotetrahydropyrimidin-5(2 H )-ylidene)hydrazineyl)isophthalate) and [Zn(HL4 )(DMF)(H2 O)]n ( Zn4 ) were synthesized by the reaction of Zn(II) salts with 5-(2-(2,4-dioxopentan-3-ylidene)hydrazineyl) isophthalic acid (H3 L3 ), 2,4,6-triiodo-5-(2-(2,4,6-trioxotetrahydropyrimidin-5(2 H )-ylidene)hydrazineyl) isophthalic acid (H5 L2 ) (in the presence of NH2 OH·HCl) and 5-(2-(2,4-dioxopentan-3-ylidene)hydrazineyl)-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (H3 L4 ), respectively...

High-spin organic tetraradicals with significant intramolecular exchange interactions have high potential for advanced technological applications and fundamental research, but those synthesized to date possess limited stability and processability. In this work, we designed a tetraradical based on the Blatter's radical and nitronyl nitroxide radical moieties and successfully synthesized it using the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of triiodo-derivative of 1,2,4-benzotriazinyl radical with gold(I) nitronyl nitroxide-2-ide complex in the presence of a newly developed efficient catalytic system...

The present study was designed to investigate and compare the effects of plant-derived smoke (PDS) and auxin (IAA and IBA) on maize growth under the application of 2,3,5-triiodo benzoic acid (TIBA). For this purpose, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), each at a concentration of 10 ppm, along with PDS at a ratio of 1:500 ( v/v ) were used alone and in combination with 10 ppm of TIBA. The results indicate that the germination percentage (%) of maize seeds was enhanced under IAA, IBA and PDS treatment...

Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate tissue remodeling processes during early- and post-embryonic stages in vertebrates. The Mexican axolotl ( Ambystoma mexicanum ) is a neotenic species that has lost the ability to undergo metamorphosis; however, it can be artificially induced by exogenous administration of thyroxine (T4) and 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3). Another TH derivative with demonstrative biological effects in fish and mammals is 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2). Because the effects of this bioactive TH remains unexplored in other vertebrates, we hypothesized that it could be biologically active in amphibians and, therefore, could induce metamorphosis in axolotl...

The instability and volatility of iodine is high, however, effective iodine biocidal species can be readily stored in iodinated azoles and then be released upon decomposition or detonation. Iodine azoles with high iodine content and high thermal stability are highly desired. In this work, the strategy of methylene bridging with asymmetric structures of 3,4,5-triiodo-1-H-pyrazole (TIP), 2,4,5-triiodo-1H-imidazol (TIM), and tetraiodo-1H-pyrrole (TIPL) are proposed. Two highly stable fully iodinated methylene-bridged azole compounds 3,4,5-triiodo-1-((2,4,5-triiodo-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazole ( 3 ) and 3,4,5-triiodo-1-((tetraiodo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrazole ( 4 ) were obtained with high iodine content and excellent thermal stability (iodine content: 84...

As 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC), a metabolite of thyroid hormones (THs), was previously detected in sewage effluent, we aimed to investigate exogenous TRIAC's potential for endocrine disruption. We administered either TRIAC or 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (LT3) to euthyroid mice and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil-induced hypothyroid mice. In hypothyroid mice, TRIAC administration suppressed the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and upregulated TH-responsive genes in the pituitary gland, the liver, and the heart...

Chickens experience rapid change in their physiology and metabolism during hatching. We propose that thyroid hormones play a major role in regulating the developmental changes associated with attaining endothermy. To better understand the role thyroid hormones play in hatch timing and development of thermogenic capacity and metabolic rate we manipulated plasma thyroid hormone levels in chicken embryos beginning at 80% development (day 17 of a 21-day incubation) with either a single dose of triiodo-L-thyronine (T3 ) or the thyroperoxidase inhibitor methimazole (MMI)...

OBJECTIVE: Thyroid hormones are involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders. Ischemia/hypoxia that induces rigidity of the actin filaments, which initiates neurodegeneration and reduces synaptic plasticity. We hypothesized that thyroid hormones via alpha-v-beta-3 (αvβ3) integrin could regulate the actin filament rearrangement during hypoxia and increase neuronal cell viability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, we analysed the dynamics of actin cytoskeleton according to the G/F actin ratio, cofilin-1/p-cofilin-1 ratio, and p-Fyn/Fyn ratio in differentiated PC-12 cells with/without T3 hormone (3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine) treatment and blocking αvβ3-integrin-antibody under hypoxic conditions using electrophoresis and western blotting methods...

INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro and in silico effects of some natural and synthetic molecules on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and α-glucosidase enzymes. BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which are considered amongst the most important diseases of today's world. However, the side effects of therapeutic agents used in both diseases limit their use. Therefore, it is important to develop drugs with high therapeutic efficacy and better pharmacological profile...

BACKGROUND: Despite the extensive research on data mining algorithms, there is still a lack of a standard protocol to evaluate the performance of the existing algorithms. Therefore, the study aims to provide a novel procedure that combines data mining algorithms and simplified preprocessing to establish reference intervals (RIs), with the performance of five algorithms assessed objectively as well. METHODS: Two data sets were derived from the population undergoing a physical examination...

The principal hormonal product of the thyroid gland, L-thyroxine (T4), is a prohormone for 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine, T3, the major ligand of nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (TRs). At a cell surface thyroid hormone analogue receptor on cancer cell and endothelial cell plasma membrane integrin αvβ3, however, T4 at physiological concentrations is biologically active and is the major ligand. At this site in solid tumor cells, T4 nongenomically initiates cell proliferation, is anti-apoptotic by multiple mechanisms, supports radioresistance and enhances cancer-related angiogenesis...

The crystal structures of two isomeric triiodo derivatives of ortho -carborane containing substituents in the three most electron-withdrawing positions of the carborane cage, 1,2,3-I3 -1,2-C2 B10 H9 , and the three most electron-donating positions, 8,9,12-I3 -1,2-C2 B10 H9 , as well as the crystal structure of 8,9,12-Br3 -1,2-C2 B10 H9 , were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the structure of 1,2,3-I3 -1,2-C2 B10 H9 , an iodine atom attached to the boron atom (position 3) donates its lone pairs simultaneously to the σ-holes of both iodine atoms attached to the carbon atoms (positions 1 and 2) with the I⋯I distance of 3...

Suboptimal iodine status is a prominent public health issue in several European coun-tries. Brown algae have a high iodine content that, upon intake, may exceed the recommended dietary intake level, but iodine bioavailability has been reported to be lower than from potassium iodide (KI) and highly depends on algae species. Further, potential negative effects from other components in algae, such as cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), have also been addressed. In this study, we observed a lower bioavailability of iodine from farmed sugar kelp ( Saccharina latissima ) than from KI in female Wistar IGS rats...

Thyroid hormones are key regulators of development and metabolism in vertebrates. During the nestling period, young of altricial species transition from an ectothermic phenotype to an endothermic phenotype. Red-winged blackbirds are an altricial species that exhibit an increase in plasma 3,3', 5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3 ) levels during the first 5 days post-hatch (dph), begin to develop endothermic metabolic responses by 7 dph, and fledge within 10 days of hatching. We propose that thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating development of endothermy during the nestling period in altricial birds...

A novel microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) was established for the separation and determination of iodinated amino acids using n-butylamine as a novel cosurfactant. By optimizing the type of oil phase, the type and concentration of surfactant, the concentration of cosurfactant and the type and concentration of buffer in the microemulsion system, the optimal conditions for the separation of organic iodines were determined to be 0.5% ethyl acetate, 0.6% SDS, 1.2% n-butylamine and 10 mM sodium borate...

BACKGROUND: Our previous study has demonstrated that the egg-white-derived peptide RVPSL can lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), but its potential action mechanism remains unclear. In this work, the underlying mechanism of the antihypertensive effects of RVPSL in SHRs was elucidated using the widely targeted kidney metabolomics approach. RESULTS: Ten SHRs were divided into two groups: SHR-Untreated group (0.9% saline) and SHR-RVPSL group (50 mg kg-1 body weight RVPSL) for 4 weeks...

Dermal exposure is increasingly recognized as an important pathway for organic pollutant exposure. However, data on dermal exposure are limited, particularly with respect to the health effects. This study evaluated association between organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in handwipes and internal body burden on workers and adult residents in an electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling area. The impact of dermal exposure to OPFRs on thyroid hormones (THs) served as a biomarker for early effects. Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) was the most detected compound in handwipes, with median levels of 1180, 200, and 24...

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a metabolically perturbed pathological condition. However, the knowledge of metabolic signatures on outcomes of CAD and their potential causal effects and impacts on left ventricular remodeling remains limited. We aim to assess the contribution of plasma metabolites to the risk of death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as well as left ventricular remodeling. RESULTS: In a prospective study with 1606 Chinese patients with CAD, we have identified and validated several independent metabolic signatures through widely-targeted metabolomics...