keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38035556/exaptation-and-evolutionary-adaptation-in-nociceptor-mechanisms-driving-persistent-pain
#1
REVIEW
Edgar T Walters
BACKGROUND: Several evolutionary explanations have been proposed for why chronic pain is a major clinical problem. One is that some mechanisms important for driving chronic pain, while maladaptive for modern humans, were adaptive because they enhanced survival. Evidence is reviewed for persistent nociceptor hyperactivity (PNH), known to promote chronic pain in rodents and humans, being an evolutionarily adaptive response to significant bodily injury, and primitive molecular mechanisms related to cellular injury and stress being exapted (co-opted or repurposed) to drive PNH and consequent pain...
November 30, 2023: Brain, Behavior and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37929190/predicting-the-effects-of-spatiotemporal-modifications-of-muscle-activation-on-the-tentacle-extension-in-squid
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johan L van Leeuwen, William M Kier
Squid use eight arms and two slender tentacles to capture prey. The muscular stalks of the tentacles are elongated approximately 80% in 20-40 ms towards the prey, which is adhered to the terminal clubs by arrays of suckers. Using a previously developed forward dynamics model of the extension of the tentacles of the squid Doryteuthis pealeii (formerly Loligo pealeii ), we predict how spatial muscle-activation patterns result in a distribution of muscular power, muscle work, and kinetic and elastic energy along the tentacle...
2023: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37342458/squid-express-conserved-adar-orthologs-that-possess-novel-features
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel C Vallecillo-Viejo, Gjendine Voss, Caroline B Albertin, Noa Liscovitch-Brauer, Eli Eisenberg, Joshua J C Rosenthal
The coleoid cephalopods display unusually extensive mRNA recoding by adenosine deamination, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Because the adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADAR) enzymes catalyze this form of RNA editing, the structure and function of the cephalopod orthologs may provide clues. Recent genome sequencing projects have provided blueprints for the full complement of coleoid cephalopod ADARs. Previous results from our laboratory have shown that squid express an ADAR2 homolog, with two splice variants named sqADAR2a and sqADAR2b and that these messages are extensively edited...
2023: Frontiers in genome editing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36633589/one-size-does-not-fit-all-diversity-of-length-force-properties-of-obliquely-striated-muscles
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph T Thompson, Kari R Taylor-Burt, William M Kier
Obliquely striated muscles occur in 17+ phyla, likely evolving repeatedly, yet the implications of oblique striation for muscle function are unknown. Contrary to the belief that oblique striation allows high force output over extraordinary length ranges (i.e. superelongation), recent work suggests diversity in operating length ranges and length-force relationships. We hypothesize oblique striation evolved to increase length-force relationship flexibility. We predict that superelongation is not a general characteristic of obliquely striated muscles and instead that length-force relationships vary with operating length range...
April 25, 2023: Journal of Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36356573/cephalopod-retinal-development-shows-vertebrate-like-mechanisms-of-neurogenesis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca R Napoli, Christina M Daly, Stephanie Neal, Kyle J McCulloch, Alexandra R Zaloga, Alicia Liu, Kristen M Koenig
Coleoid cephalopods, including squid, cuttlefish, and octopus, have large and complex nervous systems and high-acuity, camera-type eyes. These traits are comparable only to features that are independently evolved in the vertebrate lineage. The size of animal nervous systems and the diversity of their constituent cell types is a result of the tight regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation in development. Changes in the process of development during evolution that result in a diversity of neural cell types and variable nervous system size are not well understood...
November 3, 2022: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36319228/broadband-acoustic-quantification-of-mixed-biological-aggregations-at-the-new-england-shelf-break
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Scott Loranger, Michael J Jech, Andone C Lavery
At the New England shelf break, cold, less saline shelf water collides with warmer saltier slope water to form a distinct oceanographic front. During the Office of Naval Research Sediment Characterization Experiment in 2017, the front was mapped by narrowband (18 and 38 kHz) and broadband (70-280 kHz) shipboard echo sounders. The acoustically determined cross-shelf velocity of the front ranged in amplitude from 0.02 to 0.33 m/s. Acoustic surveys revealed aggregations of scatterers near the foot of the front...
October 2022: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35508532/genome-and-transcriptome-mechanisms-driving-cephalopod-evolution
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline B Albertin, Sofia Medina-Ruiz, Therese Mitros, Hannah Schmidbaur, Gustavo Sanchez, Z Yan Wang, Jane Grimwood, Joshua J C Rosenthal, Clifton W Ragsdale, Oleg Simakov, Daniel S Rokhsar
Cephalopods are known for their large nervous systems, complex behaviors and morphological innovations. To investigate the genomic underpinnings of these features, we assembled the chromosomes of the Boston market squid, Doryteuthis (Loligo) pealeii, and the California two-spot octopus, Octopus bimaculoides, and compared them with those of the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes. The genomes of the soft-bodied (coleoid) cephalopods are highly rearranged relative to other extant molluscs, indicating an intense, early burst of genome restructuring...
May 4, 2022: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34983491/co-option-of-the-limb-patterning-program-in-cephalopod-eye-development
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie Neal, Kyle J McCulloch, Francesca R Napoli, Christina M Daly, James H Coleman, Kristen M Koenig
BACKGROUND: Across the Metazoa, similar genetic programs are found in the development of analogous, independently evolved, morphological features. The functional significance of this reuse and the underlying mechanisms of co-option remain unclear. Cephalopods have evolved a highly acute visual system with a cup-shaped retina and a novel refractive lens in the anterior, important for a number of sophisticated behaviors including predation, mating, and camouflage. Almost nothing is known about the molecular-genetics of lens development in the cephalopod...
January 5, 2022: BMC Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34425939/identification-of-neural-progenitor-cells-and-their-progeny-reveals-long-distance-migration-in-the-developing-octopus-brain
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Astrid Deryckere, Ruth Styfhals, Ali Murat Elagoz, Gregory E Maes, Eve Seuntjens
Cephalopods have evolved nervous systems that parallel the complexity of mammalian brains in terms of neuronal numbers and richness in behavioral output. How the cephalopod brain develops has only been described at the morphological level, and it remains unclear where the progenitor cells are located and what molecular factors drive neurogenesis. Using histological techniques, we located dividing cells, neural progenitors and postmitotic neurons in Octopus vulgaris embryos. Our results indicate that an important pool of progenitors, expressing the conserved bHLH transcription factors achaete-scute or neurogenin , is located outside the central brain cords in the lateral lips adjacent to the eyes, suggesting that newly formed neurons migrate into the cords...
August 24, 2021: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34288940/northern-shrimp-pandalus-borealis-population-collapse-linked-to-climate-driven-shifts-in-predator-distribution
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R Anne Richards, Margaret Hunter
The northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis Krøyer) population in the Gulf of Maine collapsed during an extreme heatwave that occurred across the Northwest Atlantic Ocean in 2012. Northern shrimp is a boreal species, and reaches its southern limit in the Gulf of Maine. Here we investigate proximate causes for the population collapse using data from fishery-independent surveys, environmental monitoring, and the commercial fishery. We first examined spatial data to confirm that the decline in population estimates was not due to a major displacement of the population, and then tested hypotheses related to fishing mortality and shifts in predation pressure...
2021: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34220538/quantifying-the-speed-of-chromatophore-activity-at-the-single-organ-level-in-response-to-a-visual-startle-stimulus-in-living-intact-squid
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stavros P Hadjisolomou, Rita W El-Haddad, Kamil Kloskowski, Alla Chavarga, Israel Abramov
The speed of adaptive body patterning in coleoid cephalopods is unmatched in the natural world. While the literature frequently reports their remarkable ability to change coloration significantly faster than other species, there is limited research on the temporal dynamics of rapid chromatophore coordination underlying body patterning in living, intact animals. In this exploratory pilot study, we aimed to measure chromatophore activity in response to a light flash stimulus in seven squid, Doryteuthis pealeii ...
2021: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33998033/networks-of-linked-radial-muscles-could-influence-dynamic-skin-patterning-of-squid-chromatophores
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen L Senft, Alan M Kuzirian, Roger T Hanlon
The visibility of cephalopod chromatophore organs is regulated dynamically by rosettes of obliquely striated radial muscles that dilate or relax the diameter of a central pigmented sacculus in 100-300 milliseconds. Each of the several dozen muscles has a flared proximal end that adheres tightly to its pigmented sacculus and an extremely elongated distal end which branches into single fibrils that anchor into the dermis. This geometry provides ample opportunity for overlap of the many muscles from neighboring chromatophores...
May 16, 2021: Journal of Morphology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33461106/changes-in-feeding-behavior-of-longfin-squid-doryteuthis-pealeii-during-laboratory-exposure-to-pile-driving-noise
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian T Jones, James F Peyla, Hadley Clark, Zhongchang Song, Jenni A Stanley, T Aran Mooney
Anthropogenic noise can cause diverse changes in animals' behaviors, but effects on feeding behaviors are understudied, especially for key invertebrate taxa. With the offshore wind industry expanding, concern exists regarding potential impacts of pile driving noise on squid and other commercially and ecologically vital taxa. We investigated changes in feeding and alarm (defense) behaviors of squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, predating on killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, during playbacks of pile driving noise recorded from wind farm construction within squids' habitat...
December 30, 2020: Marine Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33081641/kr%C3%A3-ppel-like-factor-specificity-protein-evolution-in-the-spiralia-and-the-implications-for-cephalopod-visual-system-novelties
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyle J McCulloch, Kristen M Koenig
The cephalopod visual system is an exquisite example of convergence in biological complexity. However, we have little understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underpinning its elaboration. The generation of new genetic material is considered a significant contributor to the evolution of biological novelty. We sought to understand if this mechanism may be contributing to cephalopod-specific visual system novelties. Specifically, we identified duplications in the Krüppel-like factor/specificity protein (KLF/SP) sub-family of C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factors in the squid Doryteuthis pealeii ...
October 28, 2020: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32805575/larval-ascaridoid-nematodes-in-horned-and-musky-octopus-eledone-cirrhosa-and-e-moschata-and-longfin-inshore-squid-doryteuthis-pealeii-safety-and-quality-implications-for-cephalopod-products-sold-as-fresh-on-the-italian-market
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Guardone, E Bilska-Zając, A Giusti, R Malandra, T Cencek, A Armani
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence, infection level and distribution of ascaridoid larvae in cephalopod products sold in Italy. Data on the species most commonly commercialized as whole and fresh on the Italian market were collected. After comparing commercial and literature data, Eledone spp., comprising E. cirrhosa and E. moschata (horned octopus and musky octopus, respectively) and Doryteuthis pealeii (longfin inshore squid) were selected, as they had been rarely investigated. Overall, 75 Eledone spp...
August 8, 2020: International Journal of Food Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32735817/highly-efficient-knockout-of-a-squid-pigmentation-gene
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen Crawford, Juan F Diaz Quiroz, Kristen M Koenig, Namrata Ahuja, Caroline B Albertin, Joshua J C Rosenthal
Seminal studies using squid as a model led to breakthroughs in neurobiology. The squid giant axon and synapse, for example, laid the foundation for our current understanding of the action potential [1], ionic gradients across cells [2], voltage-dependent ion channels [3], molecular motors [4-7], and synaptic transmission [8-11]. Despite their anatomical advantages, the use of squid as a model receded over the past several decades as investigators turned to genetically tractable systems. Recently, however, two key advances have made it possible to develop techniques for the genetic manipulation of squid...
July 26, 2020: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32708325/molecular-characterization-of-clistobothrium-sp-viable-plerocercoids-in-fresh-longfin-inshore-squid-doryteuthis-pealeii-and-implications-for-cephalopod-inspection
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Guardone, Alice Giusti, Ewa Bilska-Zajac, Renato Malandra, Miroslaw Różycki, Andrea Armani
Cephalopods, an appreciated seafood product, are common hosts of marine cestodes. The aim of this work is to report visible alive plerocercoids in longfin inshore squid ( Doryteuthis pealeii ), a cephalopod species commercialized as fresh and whole in Italy. Seventy D. pealeii from the Northwest Atlantic (FAO area 21) were collected and visually inspected. In total, 18 plerocercoid larvae were found in the viscera of 10 host specimens (P: 14.3% 95% CI 7.1-24.7; MI: 1.8, MA: 0.26; range 1-4) and molecularly analyzed targeting the variable D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI ) gene...
July 21, 2020: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32163724/electrophysiological-and-motor-responses-to-chemosensory-stimuli-in-isolated-cephalopod-arms
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaitlyn E Fouke, Heather J Rhodes
While there is behavioral and anatomical evidence that coleoid cephalopods use their arms to "taste" substances in the environment, the neurophysiology of chemosensation has been largely unexamined. The range and sensitivity of detectable chemosensory stimuli, and the processing of chemosensory information, are unknown. To begin to address these issues, we developed a technique for recording neurophysiological responses from isolated arms, allowing us to test responses to biologically relevant stimuli...
February 2020: Biological Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31910530/impulsive-pile-driving-noise-elicits-alarm-responses-in-squid-doryteuthis-pealeii
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian T Jones, Jenni A Stanley, T Aran Mooney
Pile driving occurs during construction of marine platforms, including offshore windfarms, producing intense sounds that can adversely affect marine animals. We quantified how a commercially and economically important squid (Doryteuthis pealeii: Lesueur 1821) responded to pile driving sounds recorded from a windfarm installation within this species' habitat. Fifteen-minute portions of these sounds were played to 16 individual squid. A subset of animals (n = 11) received a second exposure after a 24-h rest period...
January 2020: Marine Pollution Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31441702/construction-and-composition-of-the-squid-pen-from-doryteuthis-pealeii
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark A Messerli, M Jahir Raihan, Brian M Kobylkevich, Austin C Benson, Kristi S Bruening, Michael Shribak, Joshua J C Rosenthal, Joel J Sohn
The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii . The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen...
August 2019: Biological Bulletin
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